AISI 5130 Steel

AISI 5130 Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5130 Steel Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 5130 Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **AISI 5130 Chromium Alloy Steel - Technical Data Sheet** ## **1. Product Overview** **AISI 5130** is a medium-carbon, chromium alloy steel designed for applications requiring **good hardenability, strength, and toughness** after heat treatment. As a member of the 51xx series of chromium steels, it contains approximately 0.95-1.20% chromium, providing enhanced hardenability compared to plain carbon steels, allowing it to be effectively through-hardened in oil to moderate section sizes. This steel is particularly valued for its combination of **good fatigue resistance, wear resistance, and impact toughness** when properly heat treated. It is commonly used for components subjected to medium to high stresses, such as gears, shafts, and fasteners, where a balance of strength and ductility is required. --- ## **2. Chemical Composition (SAE J404/J412)** | Element | Composition Range (%) | Metallurgical Function | |---------|----------------------|------------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.28 - 0.33 | Primary strengthening element; provides good hardenability and strength | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.70 - 0.90 | Enhances hardenability and strength; improves response to heat treatment | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.035 | Residual impurity; minimized for improved toughness | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.040 | Residual element; typically kept low for better transverse properties | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | Deoxidizer; strengthens ferrite matrix | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 0.95 - 1.20 | **Primary alloying element**; significantly improves hardenability, wear resistance, and tempering resistance | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base metal | **Material Designations:** - **SAE/AISI:** 5130 - **UNS:** G51300 - **Common Forms:** Bar, wire, forging stock - **Available Conditions:** Annealed, normalized, hot rolled, cold drawn --- ## **3. Physical & Mechanical Properties** ### **As-Supplied Conditions:** **Annealed Condition (Typical):** - **Hardness:** 183-229 HB (89-97 HRB) - **Tensile Strength:** 620-795 MPa (90-115 ksi) - **Yield Strength:** 415-550 MPa (60-80 ksi) - **Elongation (in 2"):** 20-25% - **Reduction of Area:** 45-55% - **Machinability:** 55-60% (relative to 1212 steel = 100%) **Normalized Condition:** - **Hardness:** 197-241 HB - **Tensile Strength:** 655-860 MPa (95-125 ksi) - **Yield Strength:** 345-585 MPa (50-85 ksi) ### **Heat Treated Properties (Through-Hardened):** **Standard Heat Treatment:** - **Austenitizing:** 845-870°C (1550-1600°F) - **Quenching:** Oil (preferred for sections up to 50mm) - **Tempering:** 400-650°C (750-1200°F) based on desired hardness **Typical Properties After Heat Treatment:** | Tempering Temperature | Hardness (HRC) | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Impact Toughness | |----------------------|----------------|------------------|----------------|-------------------| | As-quenched | 50-55 | - | - | 15-25 J | | 200°C (400°F) | 48-52 | 1650-1800 MPa | 1400-1550 MPa | 20-30 J | | 400°C (750°F) | 38-42 | 1200-1350 MPa | 1050-1200 MPa | 35-50 J | | 550°C (1020°F) | 28-32 | 900-1050 MPa | 750-900 MPa | 60-80 J | ### **Physical Properties:** - **Density:** 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) - **Melting Point:** 1480-1520°C (2695-2770°F) - **Modulus of Elasticity:** 205 GPa (29,700 ksi) - **Poisson's Ratio:** 0.29 - **Thermal Conductivity:** 45.0 W/m·K at 100°C - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 11.7 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) - **Specific Heat:** 460 J/kg·K at 20°C ### **Hardenability Data:** - **Ideal Critical Diameter (DI) in oil:** ~50-60 mm - **Jominy Distance to 50 HRC:** ~J8-J12 - **Maximum Section for Through-Hardening:** ~50 mm in oil quench --- ## **4. Product Applications** ### **Power Transmission Components:** - **Medium-duty gears** and pinions - **Transmission shafts** and axle shafts - **Spline shafts** and drive shafts - **Gear blanks** for subsequent machining ### **Automotive & Transportation:** - **Axle shafts** for light trucks and passenger vehicles - **Steering components:** Pitman arms, steering arms - **Suspension parts:** Torsion bars, stabilizer links - **Fasteners:** High-strength bolts and studs ### **Industrial Machinery:** - **Machine tool components:** Spindles, arbors, tool holders - **Hydraulic components:** Piston rods, cylinder barrels - **Agricultural equipment:** Implement shafts, drive components - **Mining equipment:** Drill rods, cutter shafts ### **Specialized Applications:** - **Forged components:** Crankshafts, connecting rods (medium duty) - **Hand tools:** Wrenches, pry bars, impact tools - **Railway components:** Axles, couplings (for light rail) - **Construction equipment:** Linkage pins, pivot shafts ### **Typical Heat Treatment by Application:** | Application | Hardness Range | Heat Treatment | |-------------|----------------|----------------| | Gears | 28-35 HRC | Quench & temper at 500-600°C | | Shafts | 30-40 HRC | Quench & temper at 450-550°C | | Fasteners | 35-45 HRC | Quench & temper at 350-450°C | | Tools | 40-48 HRC | Quench & temper at 200-300°C | --- ## **5. International Standards & Equivalent Grades** ### **Primary Standards:** | Standard | Designation | Specification Document | |----------|-------------|------------------------| | **SAE/AISI** | **5130** | SAE J404, J412 | | **UNS** | **G51300** | Unified Numbering System | | **ASTM** | - | A322 (Standard for Alloy Steel Bars) | ### **Global Equivalent Grades:** | Country/Region | Standard | Equivalent Grade | Notes | |----------------|----------|-----------------|-------| | **International (ISO)** | ISO 683-11 | **28Cr4** | Type 1.7030 | | **Europe (EN)** | EN 10083-3 | **28Cr4** | Designation 1.7030 | | **Germany** | DIN 17200 | **28Cr4** | Direct equivalent | | **Japan** | JIS G4105 | **SCr430** | Very similar composition | | **China** | GB/T 3077 | **30Cr** | Chinese equivalent (30Cr) | | **France** | NF A35-552 | **30C4** | French standard | | **United Kingdom** | BS 970 | **530A30** | British specification | ### **H-Grade Variant:** - **AISI 5130H:** Same chemistry with guaranteed hardenability bands per SAE J1268 ### **Related Processing Standards:** - **Heat Treatment:** AMS 2759, ASTM A29 - **Forging:** ASTM A788 - **Bars:** ASTM A322, A304 - **Cleanliness:** AMS 2301 (for aircraft quality) --- ## **6. Manufacturing & Processing Characteristics** ### **Hot Working:** - **Forging Temperature:** 1150-850°C (2100-1560°F) - **Hot Rolling:** 1100-900°C (2010-1650°F) - **Finish Forging Temperature:** ≥850°C (1560°F) - **Post-hot work:** Slow cool or anneal to prevent cracking ### **Heat Treatment Guidelines:** **1. Annealing:** - **Full Anneal:** 830-860°C (1525-1580°F), furnace cool - **Process Anneal:** 650-700°C (1200-1290°F), air cool - **Spheroidize Anneal:** 740-760°C (1365-1400°F), slow cool for optimal machinability **2. Normalizing:** - **Temperature:** 870-900°C (1600-1650°F) - **Cooling:** Still air - **Purpose:** Refine grain structure before hardening **3. Hardening:** - **Austenitizing:** 845-870°C (1555-1600°F) - **Soak Time:** 20-30 minutes per inch of thickness - **Quenching Medium:** Oil (rapid oil for sections >25mm) - **Pre-heat:** 650-700°C recommended for complex shapes **4. Tempering:** - **Temperature:** Based on required hardness (see Section 3) - **Time:** Minimum 1 hour per inch of thickness - **Cooling:** Air cool; rapid cool through 400-600°C range to minimize temper embrittlement risk ### **Machinability:** - **Best Condition:** Annealed or normalized - **Cutting Speed:** 50-65% of 1212 steel - **Feed Rate:** Moderate - **Tool Material:** Carbide recommended for production - **Coolant:** Required for optimum tool life ### **Weldability:** - **Rating:** Fair to poor - **Pre-heat:** 200-300°C (400-570°F) recommended - **Post-weld:** Stress relief at 600-650°C (1110-1200°F) - **Processes:** SMAW, GTAW with low-hydrogen electrodes - **Limitations:** Full properties restored only by re-heat treatment --- ## **7. Quality Control & Inspection** ### **Standard Testing:** - **Chemical Analysis:** ASTM A751 - **Hardness Testing:** ASTM E10 (Brinell), E18 (Rockwell) - **Tensile Testing:** ASTM A370 - **Impact Testing:** ASTM E23 (Charpy) if specified - **Microstructure:** ASTM E112 (grain size), E45 (inclusions) ### **Typical Requirements:** - **Grain Size:** ASTM 5-8 (fine grain preferred) - **Decarburization:** ≤0.25 mm total per side (as-supplied) - **Surface Quality:** Free from seams, laps, and excessive defects - **Straightness:** Commercial standard or as specified ### **Special Quality Grades:** - **Aircraft Quality:** Per AMS 2301 (cleanliness requirements) - **Bearing Quality:** For applications requiring high fatigue resistance - **Special Treatment (ST):** For improved machinability --- ## **8. Technical Performance Data** ### **Fatigue Properties:** - **Rotating Bending Fatigue Limit:** 400-500 MPa (58-73 ksi) at 35 HRC - **Fatigue Ratio:** 0.45-0.50 (endurance limit/tensile strength) - **Notch Sensitivity:** Moderate (q ≈ 0.7-0.8) - **Surface Finish Effect:** Significant; improve for fatigue applications ### **Wear Characteristics:** - **Abrasive Wear Resistance:** Good at hardness >35 HRC - **Adhesive Wear:** Fair to good with proper lubrication - **Contact Fatigue:** Good for medium-duty applications - **Break-in Characteristics:** Good with proper surface finish ### **Toughness Considerations:** - **Transition Temperature:** Typically below -20°C (-4°F) when properly heat treated - **Temper Embrittlement:** Susceptible between 350-575°C (660-1070°F) tempering range - **Fracture Toughness:** K₁C ≈ 50-70 MPa√m at 35 HRC ### **Corrosion Resistance:** - **General:** Poor (similar to carbon steels) - **Atmospheric:** Requires protective coatings - **Recommended Coatings:** Phosphate, black oxide, plating, painting --- ## **9. Design & Application Considerations** ### **Optimal Application Parameters:** - **Section Size:** ≤50 mm diameter for through-hardening in oil - **Stress Concentrations:** Generous fillets (R ≥ 0.3 × thickness change) - **Surface Finish:** 0.8-3.2 μm Ra for optimal fatigue performance - **Operating Temperature:** Up to 300°C (570°F) continuous; up to 450°C (840°F) intermittent ### **Advantages of AISI 5130:** ✅ **Good hardenability** for medium sections ✅ **Excellent strength-toughness balance** ✅ **Good fatigue and wear resistance** ✅ **Cost-effective** compared to higher alloy steels ✅ **Reliable heat treatment response** ✅ **Available in various forms and sizes** ### **Limitations:** ⚠️ **Limited corrosion resistance** without protection ⚠️ **Welding requires special procedures** ⚠️ **Not suitable for very large sections** (>75 mm) ⚠️ **Temper embrittlement susceptibility** in certain ranges ⚠️ **Machining more difficult** than free-machining steels ### **Comparison with Similar Grades:** | Property | 5130 | 5140 | 4130 | 8640 | |----------|------|------|------|------| | **Carbon Content** | 0.30% | 0.40% | 0.30% | 0.40% | | **Chromium Content** | 1.00% | 1.00% | 0.95% | 0.50% | | **Primary Alloying** | Cr | Cr | Cr-Mo | Ni-Cr-Mo | | **Hardenability** | Good | Very Good | Good | Excellent | | **Toughness** | Good | Good | Very Good | Excellent | | **Typical Use** | Shafts, gears | Heavier sections | Aircraft, auto | Critical parts | | **Relative Cost** | 1.0 | 1.05 | 1.1 | 1.3 | --- ## **10. Special Processing Options** ### **Surface Hardening:** - **Induction Hardening:** Produces hard surface (55-60 HRC) with tough core - **Flame Hardening:** For large or irregular shapes - **Nitriding:** For improved wear and fatigue resistance (requires special grade) ### **Thermomechanical Processing:** - **Controlled Rolling:** For improved toughness - **Ausforming:** For ultra-high strength applications - **Intercritical Heat Treatment:** For optimized properties ### **Finishing Operations:** - **Grinding:** After heat treatment for precision dimensions - **Shot Peening:** For improved fatigue life - **Superfinishing:** For optimal surface characteristics --- ## **11. Environmental & Safety Considerations** ### **Material Safety:** - **General Handling:** Standard steel safety procedures - **Machining Dust:** Requires proper ventilation - **Heat Treatment:** Standard furnace and quench oil safety ### **Environmental Compliance:** - **Recyclability:** 100% as ferrous scrap - **RoHS/REACH Compliant:** Contains no restricted substances - **Processing:** Standard environmental controls for steel production ### **Sustainability Factors:** - Long service life reduces replacement frequency - Energy efficient heat treatment compared to some alternatives - Compatible with modern manufacturing processes --- **Technical Note:** AISI 5130 represents an optimal balance for many medium-duty applications where the higher carbon of 5140 provides excessive hardness with reduced toughness, and the lower carbon of 5120 provides insufficient strength. Its 1% chromium content provides good hardenability without the cost premium of nickel or molybdenum additions. **Revision:** 1.1 **Date:** October 2023 **Disclaimer:** This technical data is for informational purposes. Actual properties depend on specific processing, heat treatment, and application conditions. Always consult with material suppliers and conduct application-specific testing for critical components. Properties may vary between manufacturers and heat lots. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5130 Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4112 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5130 Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 5130 Steel -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 5130 Steel -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 5130 Steel -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 583 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition