AISI 5150 Steel Tube,Pipe

AISI 5150 Steel Tube, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5150 Steel Tube, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 5150 Steel, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **AISI 5150 Steel, Annealed, 25 mm (1 inch) Round Bar - Technical Data Sheet** ## **1. Product Overview** **AISI 5150 annealed 25 mm (1 inch) round bar** is a medium-high carbon chromium alloy steel supplied in a fully softened condition optimized for machining and forming operations. This specific product form - **1 inch diameter round bar in annealed condition** - represents one of the most commonly stocked and utilized forms of this versatile alloy steel, providing an ideal balance of machinability, formability, and potential for subsequent heat treatment. The 25mm diameter is particularly advantageous as it falls within the optimal size range for uniform annealing response, ensuring consistent properties from surface to center. The annealed condition (typically achieved through full annealing at 790-820°C followed by slow cooling) produces a soft, pearlitic structure that maximizes tool life and minimizes cutting forces during machining operations. --- ## **2. Chemical Composition (SAE J404/J412)** | Element | Composition Range (%) | Function & Significance for 25mm Annealed Bar | |---------|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.48 - 0.53 | Higher carbon provides excellent hardenability potential; balanced for machinability in annealed state | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.70 - 0.90 | Enhances hardenability; contributes to uniform transformation during annealing | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.035 | Residual impurity; minimized for improved ductility in annealed condition | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.040 | Typically controlled at lower levels for annealed bars; may be slightly higher in free-machining variants | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | Deoxidizer; strengthens ferrite matrix in annealed condition | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 0.70 - 0.90 | Primary alloying element; improves hardenability and wear resistance potential | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base metal | **Product Specifications:** - **Material:** AISI/SAE 5150 - **Form:** Round bar - **Diameter:** 25.0 mm ±0.5 mm (1.00 inch ±0.020 inch) - **Condition:** Fully Annealed - **Length:** Standard 3m or 6m (10ft or 20ft), cut lengths available - **Surface:** Annealed finish, typically with light scale --- ## **3. Physical & Mechanical Properties (As-Annealed, 25mm Round)** ### **Typical Properties After Annealing:** - **Hardness:** 187-229 HB (90-98 HRB) - **Tensile Strength:** 620-795 MPa (90-115 ksi) - **Yield Strength (0.2% offset):** 380-550 MPa (55-80 ksi) - **Elongation (in 50mm/2"):** 18-24% - **Reduction of Area:** 40-50% - **Modulus of Elasticity:** 205 GPa (29,700 ksi) - **Shear Modulus:** 80 GPa (11,600 ksi) ### **Machinability Characteristics (25mm Round):** - **Machinability Rating:** 50-55% (relative to 1212 steel = 100%) - **Optimal Cutting Speed:** 40-60 m/min (130-200 SFM) with carbide tools - **Feed Rate:** 0.15-0.30 mm/rev (0.006-0.012 in/rev) - **Chip Formation:** Continuous chips; chip breakers recommended - **Surface Finish:** 1.6-3.2 μm Ra (63-125 μin) achievable - **Tool Life:** Good with proper cutting parameters and coolant ### **Physical Properties:** - **Weight per meter:** 3.85 kg/m (2.59 lb/ft) - **Cross-sectional Area:** 490.9 mm² (0.761 in²) - **Density:** 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) - **Thermal Conductivity:** 43.0 W/m·K at 100°C - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 12.1 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) - **Specific Heat:** 460 J/kg·K at 20°C ### **Advantages of 25mm Diameter in Annealed Condition:** 1. **Uniform properties** throughout cross-section (minimal core-to-surface variation) 2. **Optimal heat transfer** during annealing for consistent microstructure 3. **Versatile size** for wide range of component designs 4. **Excellent stock removal capability** with minimal distortion risk 5. **Good balance** between strength and machinability --- ## **4. Metallurgical Structure & Annealing Process** ### **Annealing Parameters for 25mm Round Bar:** - **Annealing Temperature:** 790-820°C (1450-1510°F) - **Soak Time:** 1-2 hours at temperature - **Cooling Rate:** Furnace cool to 600°C at ≤25°C/hour, then air cool - **Atmosphere:** Protective or controlled to minimize decarburization - **Resulting Microstructure:** Coarse pearlite with proeutectoid ferrite ### **Microstructural Characteristics:** - **Primary Structure:** Lamellar pearlite (pearlite colonies: 20-50 μm) - **Carbide Morphology:** Lamellar with possible partial spheroidization - **Grain Size:** ASTM 5-7 - **Decarburization:** Typically ≤0.25mm total depth - **Uniformity:** Excellent due to optimal diameter for heat treatment ### **Through-Thickness Consistency (25mm Round):** | Position | Hardness (HB) | Variation from Mean | Microstructural Note | |----------|---------------|---------------------|----------------------| | Surface | 205 ±10 | Reference | Slight decarb possible | | Mid-radius | 208 ±8 | +1.5% | Most representative | | Center | 210 ±12 | +2.4% | Slightly slower cooled | --- ## **5. Manufacturing & Processing in Annealed Condition** ### **Recommended Machining Parameters:** | Operation | Speed | Feed | Depth of Cut | Tool Recommendation | |-----------|-------|------|--------------|---------------------| | **Turning** | 45-65 m/min | 0.20-0.35 mm/rev | Up to 4.0 mm | Carbide, C2-C4 grade | | **Drilling** | 25-35 m/min | 0.15-0.25 mm/rev | Full diameter | HSS, 118° point | | **Milling** | 40-55 m/min | 0.10-0.25 mm/tooth | Up to 3.0 mm | Carbide, 4-6 flutes | | **Tapping** | 8-15 m/min | Pitch determined | Full depth | HSS, spiral point | | **Sawing** | 40-60 m/min | Moderate pressure | - | Bimetal, 4-6 TPI | ### **Forming & Fabrication Capabilities:** - **Cold Bending:** Minimum radius = 2× diameter (50mm) for 90° bends - **Punching/Blanking:** Clean edges with proper die clearance (6-8% of thickness) - **Thread Rolling:** Excellent results with proper lubrication - **Cold Heading:** Suitable for moderate reductions (2-3 blows) - **Welding:** Fair with precautions; preheat 200-250°C recommended ### **Subsequent Heat Treatment Potential:** *Typical hardening parameters for 25mm round:* - **Austenitizing:** 830-850°C (1525-1560°F) - **Quenching:** Oil (optimal for this diameter) - **Tempering Range:** 400-600°C for most applications - **Achievable Hardness:** 40-50 HRC after tempering - **Through-Hardening:** Excellent due to optimal section size --- ## **6. Product Applications** ### **Automotive Components:** - **Axle shafts** for light trucks and performance vehicles - **Transmission shafts** and gear blanks - **Steering components** (pitman arms, idler arms) - **Suspension parts** (torsion bars, stabilizer links) - **Fastener blanks** for high-strength applications ### **Industrial Machinery:** - **Shafting** for pumps, compressors, and gearboxes - **Machine tool components** (arbors, mandrels, tool holders) - **Gear blanks** for industrial gear sets - **Hydraulic piston rods** and cylinder components - **Agricultural equipment** shafts and gears ### **Tooling & Equipment:** - **Hand tools** (wrenches, pry bars, socket drives) - **Die components** and mold bases - **Fixture and jig** components - **Wear parts** requiring subsequent hardening ### **Why 25mm Annealed Round Bar is Selected:** 1. **Optimal size** for many mechanical components 2. **Excellent machinability** reduces production time and cost 3. **Consistent stock** for production runs 4. **Versatile applications** across multiple industries 5. **Predictable heat treatment response** after machining 6. **Good availability** from steel service centers ### **Typical Parts Made from 25mm 5150 Annealed:** - Pivot pins and bushings - Drive shafts and coupling sleeves - Bearing journals and shafts - Valve stems and guides - Fastener stock for special bolts --- ## **7. International Standards & Equivalents** ### **Primary Standards:** | Standard | Designation | Specification | |----------|-------------|---------------| | **SAE/AISI** | **5150** | SAE J404, J412 | | **ASTM** | **A29/A29M** | Standard for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy | | **ASTM** | **A108** | Steel Bars, Carbon, Cold-Finished | ### **Global Equivalent Grades (Annealed Round Bar):** | Country/Region | Standard | Equivalent Grade | Similar Product Form | |----------------|----------|-----------------|----------------------| | **International (ISO)** | ISO 683-11 | **50Cr4** | Round bars, annealed | | **Europe (EN)** | EN 10083-3 | **50Cr4** | 1.7043, annealed | | **Germany** | DIN 17200 | **50Cr4** | Rundstahl, weichgeglüht | | **Japan** | JIS G4105 | **SCr450** | Round bar, annealed | | **China** | GB/T 3077 | **50Cr** | 圆钢，退火状态 | | **United Kingdom** | BS 970 | **525A50** | Round bar, softened | ### **Dimensional Standards for 25mm Round Bar:** - **Diameter Tolerance:** Typically h11 or ±0.13mm for annealed bars - **Straightness:** ≤1mm per meter typical - **Surface Finish:** As-annealed with light scale (typically 6.3-12.5 μm Ra) - **Length Tolerance:** ±10mm for standard lengths --- ## **8. Quality Control & Inspection** ### **Standard Testing for 25mm Annealed Bar:** - **Hardness Testing:** Brinell (ASTM E10) at multiple positions - **Chemical Analysis:** Per heat/lot (ASTM A751) - **Surface Inspection:** Visual for seams, laps, or excessive scale - **Dimensional Check:** Diameter, roundness, straightness - **Decarburization Check:** Optional, typically ≤0.25mm allowed ### **Typical Certificate Requirements:** 1. **Chemical Composition:** Full analysis per heat 2. **Hardness Report:** Multiple readings along bar length 3. **Dimensional Report:** Diameter verification 4. **Heat Treatment Record:** Annealing cycle documentation 5. **Traceability:** Heat number and processing information ### **Incoming Inspection Recommendations:** 1. Verify certification matches material markings 2. Check hardness at both ends and middle of bar 3. Inspect for straightness and surface defects 4. Measure diameter at multiple positions 5. Sample machining test for production validation --- ## **9. Technical Advantages & Limitations** ### **Advantages of 5150 Annealed 25mm Round:** ✅ **Excellent machinability** for production efficiency ✅ **Uniform properties** throughout 25mm cross-section ✅ **Predictable heat treatment response** after machining ✅ **Good availability** from steel distributors ✅ **Versatile applications** across multiple industries ✅ **Cost-effective** for medium to high production volumes ✅ **Good balance** of strength and formability in annealed state ### **Limitations & Considerations:** ⚠️ **Not for final use** without heat treatment in most applications ⚠️ **Lower strength** compared to heat-treated conditions ⚠️ **Surface scale** may require removal for precision applications ⚠️ **Limited wear resistance** in annealed condition ⚠️ **May require stress relieving** after heavy machining ⚠️ **Not suitable** for high-temperature applications in annealed state ### **Economic Considerations:** | Factor | Impact | Comment | |--------|--------|---------| | **Material Cost** | Moderate | Higher than 1045, lower than alloy steels | | **Machining Cost** | Low | Good machinability reduces processing time | | **Tooling Cost** | Low | Extended tool life in annealed condition | | **Scrap Rate** | Low | Predictable material behavior | | **Heat Treatment** | Required | Adds cost but enables final properties | | **Total Cost** | **Competitive** | **Good value for performance applications** | --- ## **10. Storage, Handling & Processing Recommendations** ### **Storage Conditions:** - **Environment:** Dry, indoor storage preferred - **Stacking:** Properly supported on racks or dunnage - **Protection:** Light oil coating if long-term storage needed - **Identification:** Maintain heat number traceability - **Shelf Life:** 12+ months with proper storage conditions ### **Processing Sequence Recommendations:** 1. **Material Receipt:** Verify certification and condition 2. **Storage:** Protect from corrosion if not immediately used 3. **Cutting:** Saw to rough lengths with allowance for finishing 4. **Machining:** Utilize optimized parameters for annealed material 5. **Stress Relief (if needed):** 600-650°C for 1 hour after heavy machining 6. **Heat Treatment:** Harden and temper to required specifications 7. **Finishing:** Grinding, polishing, or coating as required ### **Safety Considerations:** - **Machining:** Standard steel machining precautions with coolant - **Material Handling:** Proper lifting equipment for 6m bars (~23kg each) - **Scale Removal:** Proper ventilation if descaling operations performed - **Heat Treatment:** Follow standard furnace and quenching safety procedures --- ## **11. Comparison with Similar Materials** ### **5150 vs. Other Common 25mm Annealed Rounds:** | Material | Hardness (HB) | Machinability | Hardenability | Typical Cost Factor | |----------|---------------|---------------|---------------|---------------------| | **5150 Annealed** | 187-229 | 50-55% | Excellent | 1.00 (baseline) | | **4140 Annealed** | 197-241 | 50-55% | Excellent | 1.05-1.10 | | **1045 Annealed** | 163-207 | 60-65% | Fair | 0.70-0.80 | | **8620 Annealed** | 149-197 | 55-60% | Very Good | 1.15-1.20 | | **4340 Annealed** | 217-269 | 40-45% | Excellent | 1.30-1.40 | ### **When to Select 5150 25mm Annealed Round:** - **Applications** requiring higher carbon than 4140 for maximum hardness - **Components** that will be through-hardened after machining - **Production runs** where consistent machinability is important - **Applications** where cost/performance balance is critical - **Components** requiring good wear resistance after heat treatment ### **Alternative Considerations:** - **For better machinability:** Consider 1144 stress-proof or 12L14 leaded steel - **For better toughness:** Consider 4140 or 4340 with lower carbon - **For case hardening:** Consider 8620 or 4320 with lower carbon content - **For cost-sensitive applications:** Consider 1045 or 1141 --- **Technical Significance:** AISI 5150 in 25mm (1 inch) annealed round bar form represents an optimal combination of material properties, manufacturing convenience, and application versatility. The 25mm diameter is large enough for significant strength in final applications yet small enough for excellent heat treatment response and uniform properties. The annealed condition provides manufacturers with an ideal starting point for machining complex components while the 5150 chemistry ensures excellent final properties after heat treatment. This combination makes it one of the most widely used medium-alloy steels for mechanical components across automotive, industrial, and equipment manufacturing sectors. **Revision:** 1.1 **Date:** October 2023 **Disclaimer:** This technical data is for informational purposes. Actual properties may vary based on specific annealing cycles, cooling rates, and material processing history. The 25mm diameter is optimal for many applications but other sizes may be more appropriate for specific component designs. Always consult with material suppliers and conduct application-specific testing for critical components. Heat treatment after machining is essential to achieve the full performance potential of AISI 5150 steel. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5150 Steel, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4125 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5150 Steel, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 5150 Steel Tube, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 5150 Steel Tube, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 5150 Steel Tube, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Tube drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 596 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition