AISI 5150H Steel Wire

AISI 5150H Steel Wire, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5150H Steel Wire, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 5150H Steel, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **AISI 5150H Steel, Annealed, 25 mm (1 inch) Round Bar - Technical Data Sheet** ## **1. Product Overview** **AISI 5150H annealed 25 mm (1 inch) round bar** is a **hardenability-controlled, medium-high carbon chromium alloy steel** supplied in a fully softened condition with guaranteed response to subsequent heat treatment. The "H" designation indicates the steel is chemically controlled within strict SAE J1268 limits, ensuring predictable hardenability across all production lots. This specific product form - **1 inch diameter round bar in annealed condition** - provides manufacturers with exceptional consistency in both machining performance and final heat treatment results. The 25mm diameter represents an **optimal size** for achieving uniform annealing response and predictable hardening characteristics. This combination of controlled chemistry, optimal section size, and standardized annealing produces a material ideally suited for high-volume production of critical components where both machining efficiency and final property consistency are paramount. --- ## **2. Chemical Composition (SAE J404/J412 with H-Grade Controls)** | Element | Composition Range (%) | H-Grade Control Significance for 25mm Annealed Bar | |---------|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.47 - 0.52 | Tightly controlled (±0.025% from nominal) for consistent hardenability | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.70 - 0.95 | Optimized range ensures predictable transformation during annealing and hardening | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.030 | Reduced maximum for improved impact toughness in annealed and hardened states | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.035 | Controlled for optimal machinability without compromising transverse properties | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | Controlled to minimize variation in hardenability response | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 0.70 - 0.95 | Primary alloying element with optimized range for maximum consistency | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base matrix with controlled residual elements for predictable annealing | **Product Specifications:** - **SAE/AISI:** 5150H - **UNS:** G51501 - **Form:** Round bar, annealed condition - **Diameter:** 25.0 mm ±0.4 mm (1.00 inch ±0.016 inch) - tighter tolerance than standard - **Hardenability Standard:** SAE J1268 compliance certified - **Length:** Standard 3m or 6m; precision cut lengths available --- ## **3. Hardenability Characteristics (SAE J1268)** ### **Guaranteed Hardenability Bands:** *These bands apply after proper hardening; annealing provides optimal starting condition* | Distance from Quenched End (1/16") | Minimum HRC | Maximum HRC | Typical Production Range for 25mm Section | |------------------------------------|-------------|-------------|-------------------------------------------| | **J1 (1.5mm)** | 50 | 60 | 54-58 HRC | | **J4 (6.4mm)** | 46 | 56 | 50-54 HRC | | **J7 (11.1mm)** | 42 | 52 | 46-50 HRC | | **J10 (15.9mm)** | 37 | 47 | 41-45 HRC | | **J14 (22.2mm)** | 33 | 43 | 37-41 HRC | | **J20 (31.8mm)** | 28 | 38 | 32-36 HRC | ### **Critical Diameter Data for 25mm Round:** - **Ideal Critical Diameter (D₁) in oil:** 85-100 mm - **95% Martensite (D₉₅):** 75-90 mm - **Hardness at 25mm diameter center after oil quench:** 45-50 HRC (as-quenched) - **Hardness uniformity in 25mm round:** ≤3 HRC variation surface to center ### **25mm Section Advantage:** 1. **Optimal hardenability realization** - large enough for property development, small enough for uniformity 2. **Predictable Jominy equivalent position:** ~J8-J12 for center of 25mm round 3. **Consistent response** due to thermal mass optimization during heat treatment --- ## **4. Physical & Mechanical Properties (As-Annealed, 25mm Round)** ### **Typical As-Annealed Properties:** - **Hardness:** 174-212 HB (85-95 HRB) - **Tensile Strength:** 585-760 MPa (85-110 ksi) - **Yield Strength (0.2% offset):** 345-515 MPa (50-75 ksi) - **Elongation (in 50mm/2"):** 20-26% - **Reduction of Area:** 45-55% - **Modulus of Elasticity:** 205 GPa (29,700 ksi) - **Shear Modulus:** 80 GPa (11,600 ksi) ### **Machinability Characteristics (25mm Round):** - **Machinability Rating:** 55-60% (relative to 1212 steel = 100%) - **Optimal Cutting Parameters:** - Turning: 50-70 m/min (165-230 SFM) with carbide - Feed: 0.15-0.35 mm/rev (0.006-0.014 in/rev) - Tool life: 25-45% longer than standard 5150 annealed - **Chip Formation:** Consistent, manageable chips - **Surface Finish:** 1.6-3.2 μm Ra (63-125 μin) readily achievable - **Dimensional Stability:** Excellent due to stress-free annealed condition ### **Physical Properties:** - **Weight per meter:** 3.85 kg/m (2.59 lb/ft) - **Cross-sectional Area:** 490.9 mm² (0.761 in²) - **Surface Area per meter:** 0.0785 m²/m (0.258 ft²/ft) - **Density:** 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) - **Thermal Conductivity:** 43.0 W/m·K at 100°C - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 12.1 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) ### **Property Uniformity in 25mm Round:** | Property | Surface | Mid-radius | Center | Maximum Variation | |----------|---------|------------|--------|-------------------| | **Hardness (HB)** | 195 ±8 | 198 ±6 | 200 ±8 | ≤5 HB (2.5%) | | **Microstructure** | Fine pearlite | Uniform pearlite | Slightly coarser | Consistent phase distribution | | **Decarb Depth** | 0.10-0.20mm | N/A | N/A | Controlled ≤0.25mm | --- ## **5. Annealing Process & Metallurgical Structure** ### **Standard Annealing Parameters for 5150H 25mm Round:** - **Temperature:** 795-815°C (1465-1500°F) - **Soak Time:** 1.5-2.5 hours at temperature - **Cooling Rate:** Furnace cool to 600°C at 20-30°C/hour, then air cool - **Atmosphere:** Protective (endothermic or nitrogen-based) to control decarburization - **Decarburization Control:** ≤0.20mm total depth specified ### **Resulting Microstructure Characteristics:** - **Primary Structure:** Coarse lamellar pearlite (65-80%) - **Secondary Structure:** Proeutectoid ferrite at grain boundaries - **Carbide Morphology:** - Lamellar spacing: 0.5-1.0 μm - Partial spheroidization: 10-30% depending on cooling rate - Uniform distribution throughout cross-section - **Grain Size:** ASTM 6-8 (consistent throughout 25mm diameter) - **Prior Austenite Grain Size:** ASTM 5-7 (important for subsequent hardening) ### **Benefits of Controlled Annealing for 5150H:** 1. **Consistent machinability** across all production lots 2. **Predictable dimensional changes** during subsequent heat treatment 3. **Minimal residual stresses** for improved machining accuracy 4. **Uniform carbide distribution** for optimal hardening response 5. **Reduced banding** compared to standard material --- ## **6. Manufacturing & Processing Guidelines** ### **Recommended Machining Parameters:** | Operation | Speed (m/min) | Feed (mm/rev) | Depth of Cut (mm) | Tool Recommendation | |-----------|---------------|---------------|-------------------|---------------------| | **Turning** | 50-70 | 0.20-0.40 | Up to 5.0 | Carbide, C2-C4, positive rake | | **Drilling** | 25-40 | 0.15-0.30 | Full diameter | HSS-Co, 118-135° point | | **Milling** | 45-65 | 0.10-0.25 per tooth | Up to 4.0 | Carbide, 4-6 flutes | | **Tapping** | 10-20 | Pitch determined | Full depth | HSS, spiral point/flute | | **Threading** | 20-40 | Pitch dependent | Full depth | Carbide inserts | ### **Forming & Fabrication:** - **Cold Bending:** Minimum radius = 1.5× diameter (37.5mm) for 90° bends - **Punching/Blanking:** Clean edges with 7-9% of thickness clearance - **Thread Rolling:** Excellent results; predictable material flow - **Cold Heading:** Suitable for moderate reductions with proper die design - **Welding:** Not recommended in annealed condition if final properties required ### **Subsequent Heat Treatment (Typical for 25mm Round):** 1. **Preheat:** 650-700°C (1200-1290°F) 2. **Austenitize:** 845-865°C (1555-1590°F) 3. **Quench:** Fast oil (ISO VG 68-100), moderate agitation 4. **Temper:** 425-600°C (800-1110°F) depending on required hardness 5. **Expected Results:** - Surface hardness: 45-55 HRC - Center hardness: 43-52 HRC - Hardness gradient: ≤3 HRC surface to center --- ## **7. Product Applications** ### **High-Volume Automotive Components:** - **Transmission shafts** requiring consistent hardening response - **Differential side gears** and pinions - **Steering components** (rack bars, pinion shafts) - **Axle shafts** for performance and light truck applications - **Suspension components** requiring predictable properties ### **Industrial Power Transmission:** - **Gear blanks** for industrial gearboxes (high-volume production) - **Spline shafts** requiring precise tooth geometry and hardening - **Pump shafts** for hydraulic and process applications - **Machine tool spindles** requiring dimensional stability - **Coupling components** with consistent performance requirements ### **Heavy Equipment & Machinery:** - **Final drive components** for construction equipment - **Undercarriage pins** and bushings - **Implement shafts** for agricultural equipment - **Mining equipment** transmission elements ### **Critical Applications Requiring Certification:** - **Aerospace components** (non-flight critical) - **Defense system parts** requiring material traceability - **Medical equipment** components needing predictable performance - **Precision machinery** parts with reliability requirements ### **Why Specify 5150H 25mm Annealed Round:** 1. **High-volume production** where consistency reduces inspection costs 2. **Critical components** requiring predictable hardening response 3. **Statistical process control** manufacturing environments 4. **Applications** requiring material certification and traceability 5. **Components** where heat treatment distortion must be minimized 6. **Production** with just-in-time delivery requirements --- ## **8. International Standards & Equivalents** ### **Primary Standards:** | Standard | Designation | Specification | |----------|-------------|---------------| | **SAE/AISI** | **5150H** | SAE J404, J412, J1268 | | **ASTM** | **A304** | Standard Specification for H-Steel Bars | | **ASTM** | **A29/A29M** | General Requirements for Steel Bars | ### **Global H-Grade Equivalents:** | Country/Region | Standard | H-Grade Equivalent | Similar Product Form | |----------------|----------|-------------------|----------------------| | **International (ISO)** | ISO 683-11 | **50Cr4H** | Round bars, annealed | | **Europe (EN)** | EN 10083-3 | **50Cr4H** | Designation 1.7043H | | **Germany** | DIN 17211 | **50Cr4H** | Rundstahl, weichgeglüht | | **Japan** | JIS G4052 | **SCr450H** | Round bar, annealed | | **China** | GB/T 5216 | **50CrH** | 圆钢，退火状态 | | **France** | NF A35-556 | **50C4H** | Rond, recuit | ### **Dimensional Standards for 25mm H-Grade Round Bar:** - **Diameter Tolerance:** Typically h10 or ±0.10mm for precision applications - **Straightness:** ≤0.5mm per meter for machined finish bars - **Surface Quality:** Controlled scale or machined finish available - **Length Tolerance:** ±2mm for precision cut lengths --- ## **9. Quality Control & Certification** ### **Mandatory Certification Requirements:** 1. **Hardenability Certificate:** Jominy curve showing compliance with SAE J1268 bands 2. **Chemical Analysis:** Full elemental analysis per heat with traceability 3. **Annealing Record:** Complete thermal cycle documentation 4. **Mechanical Properties:** Tensile and hardness data from representative samples 5. **Dimensional Report:** Diameter, roundness, straightness verification ### **Statistical Quality Requirements:** - **Hardness Uniformity:** ≤10 HB range within same bar (25mm round) - **Lot-to-Lot Consistency:** ≤8 HB variation in annealed condition - **Diameter Control:** ≤0.08mm variation along bar length - **Process Capability:** Cpk ≥ 1.67 for all critical characteristics - **Traceability:** Complete from melt to finished annealed bar ### **Incoming Inspection Protocol:** 1. Verify certification against material markings 2. Check hardness at multiple positions (ends and middle) 3. Measure diameter at minimum 3 positions along length 4. Inspect surface quality for defects or excessive scale 5. Perform sample machining test for production validation 6. Verify heat number traceability on certification --- ## **10. Technical & Economic Advantages** ### **Technical Advantages:** ✅ **Predictable machining performance** due to consistent microstructure ✅ **Guaranteed hardening response** enabling reduced safety factors ✅ **Excellent dimensional stability** during machining operations ✅ **Superior tool life** compared to non-H-grade materials ✅ **Consistent chip formation** for automated manufacturing ✅ **Reduced heat treatment distortion** from uniform starting condition ### **Economic Benefits:** ✅ **Reduced inspection costs** through material certification ✅ **Lower scrap rates** from predictable material behavior ✅ **Extended tool life** reduces tooling costs ✅ **Faster machining cycles** from optimized parameters ✅ **Reduced safety stock** requirements due to consistency ✅ **Minimal rework** from predictable dimensional changes ✅ **Improved heat treatment yield** from consistent response ### **Cost-Benefit Analysis for 25mm 5150H:** | Cost Factor | 5150H vs. Standard 5150 | Justification | |-------------|-------------------------|---------------| | **Material Premium** | +20-30% | H-grade certification and tighter controls | | **Machining Savings** | -25-40% | Consistent performance reduces variables | | **Tooling Cost** | -20-35% | Extended tool life from uniform hardness | | **Inspection Cost** | -40-60% | Reduced frequency due to certification | | **Scrap Reduction** | -30-50% | Predictable behavior minimizes errors | | **Heat Treatment Yield** | +8-12% | Consistent response improves process control | | **Total Cost Impact** | **10-25% lower in production** | **Positive ROI for volume applications** | --- ## **11. Design & Engineering Considerations** ### **Optimal Application Parameters for 25mm 5150H:** - **Production Volume:** >500 pieces annually to justify H-grade premium - **Component Complexity:** Parts requiring significant machining (>30% stock removal) - **Tolerance Requirements:** Applications needing ±0.025mm dimensional control - **Criticality:** Safety-critical or high-reliability applications - **Heat Treatment:** Through-hardening to 40-50 HRC required for final properties ### **Design Recommendations:** 1. **Section Uniformity:** Maintain consistent cross-sections where possible 2. **Radii:** Minimum 0.5mm internal radii, 1.0mm preferred 3. **Wall Thickness:** Maintain ≥3mm for uniform hardening response 4. **Stress Concentrations:** Avoid sharp corners and sudden transitions 5. **Machining Allowances:** Standard 0.5mm per side for hardening distortion ### **Processing Sequence Optimization:** 1. **Rough Machine:** Leave 0.5-1.0mm per side for finish operations 2. **Stress Relieve (if needed):** 600-650°C after heavy machining 3. **Finish Machine:** Final dimensions before heat treatment 4. **Heat Treat:** Through-harden with parameters validated for 25mm section 5. **Final Grind:** 0.1-0.2mm per side for precision dimensions 6. **Inspection:** Final verification against design requirements --- ## **12. Storage, Handling & Traceability** ### **Material Identification & Packaging:** - **Heat Number:** Permanently marked on each bar or bundle - **Hardenability Code:** Identification of Jominy band position - **Certification:** EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certificate with each shipment - **Packaging:** VCI wrapping or rust preventive coating applied - **Labeling:** Clear identification of material, size, and condition ### **Storage & Handling Requirements:** - **Storage Environment:** Controlled humidity (RH < 60%), temperature stable - **Stacking:** Properly supported on racks; maximum stack height 1.5m - **Handling Equipment:** Non-marring nylon slings or magnetic lifters with protection - **Shelf Life:** 12 months with proper protection; quarterly inspection recommended - **Revalidation:** Required if stored >12 months or exposed to adverse conditions ### **Traceability System:** 1. **Material Origin:** Melt practice, heat number, ladle analysis 2. **Processing History:** Hot working, annealing parameters, testing results 3. **Certification Chain:** Complete documentation from mill to end user 4. **Testing Records:** All mechanical, chemical, and dimensional test data 5. **Final Application:** Recommended tracking through manufacturing process --- **Technical Significance:** AISI 5150H in 25mm annealed round bar form represents the pinnacle of material consistency for medium-high carbon alloy steel applications. The combination of H-grade chemistry control, optimal section size, and standardized annealing provides manufacturers with unprecedented predictability in both machining operations and final heat treatment results. This level of control enables reduced safety factors in design, optimized manufacturing processes, and improved reliability in final components - particularly valuable in high-volume production environments and critical applications where consistency is paramount. **Revision:** 1.1 **Date:** October 2023 **Disclaimer:** This technical data describes AISI 5150H material annealed under controlled conditions. Actual properties may vary based on specific annealing cycle parameters and cooling rates. The H-grade certification ensures hardenability consistency but proper heat treatment after machining is essential to realize the guaranteed properties. Always consult with material suppliers for application-specific recommendations and conduct appropriate testing for critical applications. The benefits of H-grade material are maximized when combined with statistical process control in manufacturing. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5150H Steel, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4126 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5150H Steel, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 5150H Steel Wire, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 5150H Steel Wire, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 5150H Steel Wire, annealed, 25 mm (1 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Wire drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 597 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition