ASTM A 568 and A 635 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet,Plate, Structural Steel Sheet,Plate (SS)

AK Steel Sheet/Plate ASTM A 568 and A 635 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet/Plate, Structural Steel Sheet/Plate (SS) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AK Steel Sheet/Plate ASTM A 568 and A 635 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet/Plate, Structural Steel Sheet/Plate (SS) Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AK Steel ASTM A 568 and A 635 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **AK Steel Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel to ASTM A568 & ASTM A635 Specifications** --- ## **1. Overview** AK Steel's hot-rolled carbon steel products manufactured to **ASTM A568** and **ASTM A635** represent two fundamental categories of commercial and structural quality steel sheet and strip. These specifications define the standard requirements for one of the most widely used families of flat-rolled steel in North America. While both cover similar grades, they differ significantly in scope and application focus: - **ASTM A568/A568M:** A comprehensive specification covering **steel sheet and strip in coils and cut lengths**, including carbon, high-strength low-alloy, and stainless steels. It establishes general requirements for dimensions, tolerances, and quality. - **ASTM A635/A635M:** Specifically covers **heavy-thickness carbon steel sheets and strip in coils**, typically for applications requiring heavier gauges than standard sheet products. These products serve as the backbone material for countless industrial and commercial applications where strength, formability, and cost-effectiveness are balanced. --- ## **2. International Standards** These products conform to the following standards, which are widely recognized across North America and internationally: ### **ASTM A568/A568M** - **Full Title:** Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, Structural, and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled, General Requirements for - **Scope:** Provides general requirements for dimensions, tolerances, quality, and testing procedures for hot-rolled and cold-rolled sheet and strip. - **Common Grades Covered:** Includes Commercial Steel (CS), Drawing Steel (DS), Structural Steel (SS), High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLA), and others. ### **ASTM A635/A635M** - **Full Title:** Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Heavy Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Commercial, Drawing, Structural, and High-Strength Low-Alloy, Quality - **Scope:** Specifically addresses heavier gage hot-rolled coils (typically thicker than standard sheet products) with controlled chemistry and properties. - **Key Distinction:** Primarily for coil products, often with less restrictive tolerances than A568 for heavier gauges. --- ## **3. Chemical Composition (Typical by Grade Category)** Chemistry varies significantly by specific grade within these specifications. Below are representative ranges: | Grade Category | C (max, %) | Mn (max, %) | P (max, %) | S (max, %) | Si (max, %) | Key Characteristics | |----------------|------------|-------------|------------|------------|-------------|---------------------| | **Commercial Steel (CS)** | 0.10-0.25 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.10-0.30 | Good formability, general purpose | | **Drawing Steel (DS)** | 0.06-0.15 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.030 | 0.035 | 0.10-0.30 | Superior ductility for deep drawing | | **Structural Steel (SS) Gr 33/36/40** | 0.15-0.28 | 0.60-1.20 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.10-0.30 | Higher strength for structural applications | | **High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLA) Gr 45/50/55** | 0.15-0.22 | 0.80-1.40 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.10-0.40 | Microalloyed with Nb/V for enhanced strength | **Note:** A635 typically includes similar grades but may have modified chemistry limits for heavier sections. Both specifications allow for various deoxidation practices (rimmed, capped, killed). --- ## **4. Physical & Mechanical Properties** Properties vary by grade designation within the specifications: ### **ASTM A568 & A635 Common Grade Requirements** | Grade Designation | Yield Strength Min (ksi) | Tensile Strength Min (ksi) | Elongation Min (% in 2") | Typical Applications | |-------------------|--------------------------|----------------------------|--------------------------|----------------------| | **CS Type A/B** | 25-30 | 45-52 | 23-25 | General fabrication, panels | | **DS Type A/B** | 25-28 | 45-50 | 26-28 | Deep drawn parts, automotive | | **SS Grade 33** | 33 | 49 | 22 | Light structural members | | **SS Grade 36** | 36 | 53 | 20 | Structural framing, equipment | | **SS Grade 40** | 40 | 55 | 20 | Higher strength structures | | **HSLA Grade 45** | 45 | 60 | 18-20 | Weight-sensitive structures | | **HSLA Grade 50** | 50 | 65 | 18-20 | Heavy equipment, trailers | | **HSLA Grade 55** | 55 | 70 | 17-19 | Mining equipment, high-strength applications | ### **Physical Constants (Typical for Carbon Steels)** - **Density:** 0.284 lb/in³ (7.85 g/cm³) - **Modulus of Elasticity:** 29,000 ksi (200 GPa) - **Poisson's Ratio:** 0.29 - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 6.5×10⁻⁶/°F (11.7×10⁻⁶/°C) ### **Key Distinctions Between A568 and A635:** - **A568:** More precise dimensional tolerances, wider range of finishes, suitable for both coils and cut lengths - **A635:** Designed for heavier gauges (typically >0.229" or 5.8mm), coil form emphasis, may have modified property requirements for thickness effects --- ## **5. Key Features & Advantages** ### **ASTM A568 Products:** - **Versatility:** Covers both hot-rolled and cold-rolled products across multiple quality levels - **Precision:** Stricter dimensional tolerances for demanding applications - **Quality Consistency:** Comprehensive quality requirements including surface finish standards - **Broad Availability:** Widely stocked in various thicknesses and widths ### **ASTM A635 Products:** - **Heavy Section Capability:** Optimized for thicker gauges (typically 0.229" to 0.625" or thicker) - **Cost-Effectiveness:** Economical for heavy structural applications - **Coil Efficiency:** Supplied in large coils for continuous processing - **Structural Integrity:** Designed for applications requiring substantial material thickness ### **Shared Advantages:** - **Excellent Formability:** Can be bent, stamped, and formed using standard equipment - **Superior Weldability:** Compatible with all common welding processes - **Good Machinability:** Can be drilled, punched, and cut with standard tools - **Paintability:** Provides excellent substrate for various coating systems after proper surface preparation - **Proven Performance:** Decades of successful use in industrial applications --- ## **6. Product Applications** ### **ASTM A568 (General Sheet Applications):** - **Automotive Components:** Frames, brackets, reinforcements - **Appliance Manufacturing:** Outer casings, internal structural components - **Building Products:** Roofing, siding, decking, purlins - **Furniture & Fixtures:** Office furniture, retail displays, shelving - **HVAC Equipment:** Ductwork, housings, supports - **General Fabrication:** Brackets, guards, enclosures, platforms ### **ASTM A635 (Heavy Structural Applications):** - **Construction Equipment:** Excavator components, bulldozer blades, crane parts - **Agricultural Machinery:** Tractor frames, implement components, harvester parts - **Transportation:** Truck frames, trailer components, railcar structural members - **Heavy Fabrication:** Base plates, machine frames, structural weldments - **Material Handling:** Conveyor supports, heavy-duty racking systems - **Industrial Equipment:** Press frames, equipment bases, support structures ### **Grade-Specific Applications:** - **CS Grades:** General fabrication where formability is primary concern - **DS Grades:** Deep drawn components, automotive body panels, complex shapes - **SS Grades:** Building frames, structural supports, load-bearing members - **HSLA Grades:** Weight-sensitive structures, mobile equipment, high-strength applications --- ## **7. Fabrication & Processing Notes** ### **Cutting & Shearing:** - Can be cut using all conventional methods: shear, plasma, laser, oxy-fuel - Heavy sections (A635) may require more powerful equipment - Proper tool clearances and sharp tooling recommended for shearing ### **Forming & Bending:** - **CS/DS Grades:** Excellent formability; tight bend radii possible (1/2T or less) - **SS/HSLA Grades:** Require larger bend radii (1T to 3T depending on strength) - Springback increases with strength level; compensation in tooling required - Forming lubricants recommended for complex shapes ### **Welding:** - **Weldability:** Excellent for CS/DS; good for SS/HSLA with proper procedures - **Processes:** All common methods applicable (SMAW, GMAW, FCAW, SAW) - **Consumables:** Match filler metal strength to base metal - **Preheat:** Generally not required for CS/DS; recommended for SS (>0.75") and HSLA grades - **Post-Weld Treatment:** Usually not required except for critical applications ### **Surface Preparation & Finishing:** - **Mill Scale:** Must be removed for painting or plating (pickling, blasting, grinding) - **Cleaning:** Degrease before painting or welding - **Priming/Painting:** Excellent paint adhesion with proper surface preparation - **Galvanizing:** Widely used for corrosion protection; compatible with hot-dip processes ### **Special Considerations for A635:** - **Heavy Gauge Effects:** Longer preheat times may be needed for welding - **Flatness:** May require leveling for precision fabrication - **Internal Stresses:** Consider stress relief for complex heavy weldments --- ## **8. Quality & Testing** ### **Standard Testing:** - **Tensile Testing:** Per ASTM A370 - **Bend Testing:** For ductility verification - **Chemical Analysis:** Verification of composition - **Surface Inspection:** Visual examination per specification requirements ### **Certification:** - Mill Test Reports (MTRs) provided with shipment - Certification to specified requirements - Traceability maintained through heat numbers --- ## **Disclaimer** *The information provided herein is for general reference purposes only. AK Steel is now part of Cleveland-Cliffs Inc. Properties and specifications may vary by specific grade, heat treatment, and processing conditions. For critical applications, always consult the latest editions of:* - **ASTM A568/A568M** – For general sheet requirements - **ASTM A635/A635M** – For heavy-thickness coil requirements - **Applicable grade specifications** (e.g., A1011 for SS grades) *Always review certified Mill Test Reports for the specific material lot being used. Consult with material engineers and perform appropriate testing for your specific application requirements. Processing recommendations should be verified through procedure qualification for critical applications.* -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AK Steel ASTM A 568 and A 635 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4593 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AK Steel ASTM A 568 and A 635 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AK Steel Sheet,Plate ASTM A 568 and A 635 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet,Plate, Structural Steel Sheet,Plate (SS) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AK Steel Sheet,Plate ASTM A 568 and A 635 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet,Plate, Structural Steel Sheet,Plate (SS) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AK Steel Sheet/Plate ASTM A 568 and A 635 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet/Plate, Structural Steel Sheet/Plate (SS) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Sheet/Plate drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1064 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition