ASTM A131 Steel Capillary, grade D

ASTM A131 Steel Capillary, grade D Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A131 Steel Capillary, grade D Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

ASTM A131 Steel, grade D Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Technical Data Sheet: ASTM A131/A131M Structural Steel for Ships, Grade D** --- #### **1. Product Overview** ASTM A131 Grade D is a **notch-tough steel** specifically designed for shipbuilding applications requiring enhanced impact toughness at lower service temperatures. As part of the ASTM A131 standard for "Structural Steel for Ships," Grade D provides improved fracture resistance compared to Grades A and B, making it suitable for critical structural components in colder marine environments. Grade D is characterized by its fine grain practice and mandatory impact testing requirements, ensuring reliable performance in demanding service conditions. --- #### **2. International Standards & Equivalents** | Standard Organization | Designation | |-----------------------|-------------| | **ASTM International** | **A131/A131M Grade D** | | **UNS Number** | **K02503** | | **ABS (American Bureau of Shipping)** | **Grade D** | | **Lloyd's Register** | **Grade D** | | **DNV** | **Grade D** | | **EN Standards** | **EH Grade D** (Equivalent) | | **Japanese (JIS)** | **KD Class** | --- #### **3. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Composition (%) | |---------|-----------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.21 max | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.60-1.20 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.035 max | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.035 max | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.10-0.35 | | **Copper (Cu)** | 0.35 min (when specified) | | **Aluminum (Al)** | 0.015 min (for fine grain practice) | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | **Key Composition Notes:** - **Fine Grain Practice**: Achieved through aluminum treatment or other grain refiners - **Controlled Carbon Equivalent**: Typically ≤ 0.41% for good weldability - **Low Sulfur & Phosphorus**: Enhanced toughness and through-thickness properties --- #### **4. Mechanical Properties** **Tensile Properties:** - **Tensile Strength**: 400-490 MPa (58-71 ksi) - **Yield Strength**: 235 MPa (34 ksi) min - **Elongation in 50 mm (2 in)**: 25% min - **Elongation in 200 mm (8 in)**: 22% min **Impact Properties:** - **Charpy V-Notch Test Temperature**: **-10°C (14°F)** - **Minimum Impact Energy**: **27 J (20 ft-lbf)** - **Test Direction**: Longitudinal (L) or Transverse (T) as specified --- #### **5. Physical Properties** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Density** | 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200 GPa (29,000 ksi) | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.29 | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 51.9 W/m·K | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 11.5 × 10⁻⁶ /K | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 470 J/kg·K | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.20 μΩ·m | --- #### **6. Product Applications** **Primary Marine Applications:** - Ice belt plating for vessels operating in cold waters - Strength deck plating in way of openings - Forecastle and upper deck plating - Critical structural components in frigid zones - Plating at the sheer strake **Specific Vessel Types:** - Arctic and Antarctic supply vessels - Ice-class tankers and bulk carriers - Winter navigation vessels - Offshore structures in cold regions - Research vessels operating in polar waters --- #### **7. Fabrication Characteristics** **Welding Performance:** - Excellent weldability with proper procedures - Recommended processes: SMAW, FCAW, SAW, GMAW - Pre-heat requirements: Generally not required for thicknesses < 25 mm - **Filler Metal Selection**: AWS E7018, E71T-1, or equivalent - Post-weld heat treatment available when specified **Forming Operations:** - Good cold forming characteristics - Suitable for bending and rolling operations - Minimum bending radii per standard shipyard practice - Excellent shearability and punchability **Heat Treatment:** - Supplied in normalized or as-rolled condition - Fine grain practice mandatory - Stress relieving available when specified --- #### **8. Quality Assurance & Testing** **Mandatory Tests (per ASTM A131):** - Chemical analysis (ladle and product analysis) - Tension test - **Charpy V-notch impact test at -10°C** - Bend test (when specified) - Fine austenitic grain size verification **Additional Tests (when specified):** - Ultrasonic examination - Through-thickness testing (Z-quality) - Macroetch examination - Hardness testing --- #### **9. Corrosion Performance** - **Marine Atmosphere**: Good resistance with proper coating systems - **Low Temperature Service**: Maintains toughness down to -10°C - **Ice Abrasion**: Good resistance to ice contact - **Recommended Protection**: Epoxy coatings + cathodic protection systems --- #### **10. Available Product Forms** - Plates: 4.5 mm to 150 mm thickness - Sheets: Up to 4.5 mm thickness - Standard widths: 1500-4500 mm - Standard lengths: 6000-18000 mm --- **Technical Notes:** - Grade D provides enhanced toughness for service temperatures down to -10°C - Fine grain practice ensures consistent mechanical properties - Must comply with classification society rules (ABS, DNV, LR, etc.) - Special attention required for welding in cold weather conditions - Storage should protect against moisture and contamination *This information is for reference purposes. For complete requirements and current specifications, consult the latest ASTM A131/A131M standard and applicable regulatory body rules. Not for design purposes - always verify with current certified mill test reports.* -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A131 Steel, grade D Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4222 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A131 Steel, grade D Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of ASTM A131 Steel Capillary, grade D -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers ASTM A131 Steel Capillary, grade D -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of ASTM A131 Steel Capillary, grade D -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Capillary drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 693 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition