ASTM A356/A356M-9 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V Steel Sheet,Plate CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINE CASINGS (ASTM A356/A356M-9)

ASTM A356/A356M-9 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V Steel Sheet/Plate CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINE CASINGS (ASTM A356/A356M-9) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A356/A356M-9 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V Steel Sheet/Plate CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINE CASINGS (ASTM A356/A356M-9) Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

ASTM A356/A356M-9 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINE CASINGS (ASTM A356/A356M-9) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ## **Product Datasheet: ASTM A356 / A356M Grade 9 (1Cr-1Mo-0.25V) Steel Castings for Steam Turbine Casings** **Product Overview** ASTM A356 Grade 9 is a premium, high-strength **1% Chromium - 1% Molybdenum - 0.25% Vanadium (1Cr-1Mo-0.25V) low-alloy steel** specification for **heavy-section steel castings** used in critical high-temperature components of steam turbines. Specifically designed to match the performance of forged rotor steels (like ASTM A470 Class 8), this grade is engineered to provide exceptional **creep strength, fracture toughness, and thermal fatigue resistance** in complex geometries that cannot be forged, such as turbine casings, valve bodies, and steam chests. Its chemistry and heat treatment are optimized to ensure reliable, long-term performance under high pressure and temperature gradients, making it a cornerstone material for advanced fossil-fuel and nuclear power generation systems. **Key International Standards** * **Primary Standard:** **ASTM A356 / A356M** - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines. * **Governing Specification:** This product conforms to the requirements for **Grade 9** within ASTM A356/A356M. * **ASME Designation:** **SA-356 Grade 9** - The ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code designation for code-stamped components. * **Mandatory Heat Treatment:** Castings are supplied in the **normalized, tempered, and stress-relieved** condition. For Grade 9, a **double normalizing and tempering** or **quenching and tempering** process is typically required to refine the coarse as-cast microstructure and achieve uniform properties throughout thick sections. * **Key Application:** Primarily for **stationary components** operating under high pressure/temperature, complementing the rotating A470-8 material. **Chemical Composition (Weight % - ASTM A356 Grade 9 Requirements)** The chemistry is tightly controlled to balance hardenability, creep strength, and weldability, with very low residuals to prevent embrittlement. | Element | ASTM A356 Grade 9 Requirement | Typical Range / Aim | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.18 - 0.23% | 0.18 - 0.21% | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.40 - 0.70% | 0.50 - 0.65% | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.025% max | ≤ 0.015% | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.025% max | ≤ 0.012% | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.20 - 0.60% | 0.25 - 0.40% | | **Chromium (Cr)** | **0.90 - 1.25%** | 1.00 - 1.20% | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **1.00 - 1.50%** | 1.10 - 1.25% | | **Vanadium (V)** | **0.20 - 0.30%** | 0.22 - 0.28% | | **Nickel (Ni)** | 0.50% max (residual) | ≤ 0.25% | | **Copper (Cu)** | 0.20% max (residual) | ≤ 0.15% | | **Key Tramp Elements** | Strict limits on Sn, Sb, As (typical). | Controlled to minimize temper embrittlement. | **Physical & Mechanical Properties** *Properties are determined from separately cast test blocks or integral extensions heat-treated with the casting.* | Property | Requirement (ASTM A356 Grade 9) | Typical Performance & Significance | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Tensile Strength** | 90 ksi (620 MPa) min | 95 - 110 ksi (655 - 760 MPa) | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | 70 ksi (485 MPa) min | 75 - 85 ksi (517 - 586 MPa) | | **Elongation in 2" (Min)** | 18% | 18 - 22% | | **Reduction of Area (Min)** | 35% | 40 - 50% | | **Charpy V-Notch Toughness** | Often specified (e.g., 40 ft-lb min @ 70°F / 21°C). | Must exhibit good fracture toughness to resist crack initiation from stress concentrations and thermal fatigue. | | **Creep & Stress Rupture Strength** | Defined by long-term data; comparable to A470-8. | Vanadium carbides provide outstanding long-term creep resistance at temperatures up to ~1050°F (566°C). | | **Brinell Hardness** | 200 - 240 HB typical | Controlled for machinability and to ensure proper heat treatment. | | **Key Feature** | **Heavy-Section Casting Integrity for High-Temperature Service:** Provides the high-temperature strength and microstructural stability of 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V alloy in the intricate, thick-walled shapes necessary for turbine stationary components, ensuring pressure integrity over a 30+ year design life. | **Product Applications** ASTM A356 Grade 9 castings are specified for the most critical stationary pressure-containing parts in high-performance steam turbines. * **High-Pressure (HP) & Intermediate-Pressure (IP) Turbine Casings/Shells:** The main pressure vessels containing the rotor and stages. * **Steam Chests & Valve Bodies:** For main stop and control valves handling high-pressure/temperature steam. * **Inner Casing Components and Diaphragm Carriers.** * **Turbine Inlet Nozzle Blocks and Exhaust Hoods** for high-temperature sections. * **Compressor Casings** for high-temperature gas turbines (in certain designs). **Advantages & Fabrication Notes** * **Complex Geometry Capability:** Enables the production of near-net-shape components with complex internal passages and flanges that are impossible or prohibitively expensive to forge and machine. * **Demanding Welding & Repair:** Repair welding of defects is common but highly controlled: * **Preheat:** 400-500°F (204-260°C) minimum. * **Low-Hydrogen Process:** GTAW or SMAW with E9018-B3/B3L electrodes. * **Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT):** **Mandatory.** Must follow the original tempering cycle to restore properties. **Slow cooling through the 1200-800°F (649-427°C) range is critical to prevent reheat cracking.** * **Resistance to Temper Embrittlement:** Like its forged counterpart, it relies on low residual elements to maintain toughness after long-term exposure to service temperatures. * **Microstructural Homogeneity:** The double normalizing or quenching heat treatment is essential to break down the coarse dendritic as-cast structure and achieve a uniform tempered bainitic/martensitic microstructure with fine vanadium carbides. * **Rigorous Quality Assurance:** Castings undergo extensive non-destructive examination (NDE), including radiographic testing (RT), ultrasonic testing (UT), magnetic particle testing (MT), and liquid penetrant testing (PT) to ensure internal and surface soundness. **Disclaimer:** This datasheet describes a **specialized, high-integrity casting alloy** for critical power generation components. Procurement of A356 Grade 9 castings is a complex process involving detailed technical specifications and collaboration with accredited foundries. Specifications must include **heat treatment parameters, mechanical property requirements (including impact toughness), NDE acceptance criteria (RT, UT levels), and weld repair procedures**. Design and material selection must be performed by engineers specializing in high-temperature turbine technology. The long-term creep and fatigue behavior are based on extensive historical data and testing. This material is not for general-purpose applications and requires expert handling throughout manufacturing, machining, and installation. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A356/A356M-9 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINE CASINGS (ASTM A356/A356M-9) Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4701 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A356/A356M-9 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINE CASINGS (ASTM A356/A356M-9) Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of ASTM A356/A356M-9 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V Steel Sheet,Plate CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINE CASINGS (ASTM A356/A356M-9) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers ASTM A356/A356M-9 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V Steel Sheet,Plate CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINE CASINGS (ASTM A356/A356M-9) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of ASTM A356/A356M-9 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V Steel Sheet/Plate CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINE CASINGS (ASTM A356/A356M-9) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Sheet/Plate drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1172 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition