ASTM A656 Steel Capillary, Grade 3

ASTM A656 Steel Capillary, Grade 3 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A656 Steel Capillary, Grade 3 Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

ASTM A656 Steel, Grade 3 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Introduction: ASTM A656/A656M High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel Plate, Grade 3** ## **1. Overview & International Standard** **ASTM A656/A656M Grade 3** is a high-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) structural steel plate produced via **Thermomechanical Controlled Processing (TMCP)**. It represents a higher strength tier within the A656 standard series, designed for applications demanding superior yield strength, good weldability, and enhanced toughness without the need for post-rolling heat treatment. **Primary Standard:** **ASTM A656/A656M** - *Standard Specification for Hot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate with Improved Formability.* Grade 3 is one of several strength grades (Grades 1-6) defined within this specification. **Key International Equivalents & References:** * **EN 10149-2: S550MC / S600MC** (European standard for thermomechanically rolled steels of similar strength and application). * **JIS G 3136: SHY685N** (Japanese high yield strength steel). * **ISO 4950-3:** High yield strength flat steel products. * It is widely recognized in North American and international codes for structural and mobile equipment applications, often accepted under **CSA G40.21-350W** (Canadian standard) for comparable grades. **Core Manufacturing Process: Thermomechanical Controlled Processing (TMCP)** The properties of Grade 3 are achieved through precise control of rolling temperatures and accelerated cooling. This refines the ferritic grain structure and utilizes microalloy precipitation hardening, resulting in an exceptional combination of **very high strength and good toughness**, while maintaining relatively low carbon content for improved weldability. --- ## **2. Chemical Composition (Weight %, Ladle Analysis)** The composition is optimized for TMCP. Key features include low carbon content and controlled additions of microalloying elements (Nb, V, Ti). | Element | Composition (%) - Grade 3 (Typical Range) | | :--- | :--- | | Carbon (C) | 0.18 max | | Manganese (Mn) | 1.60 max | | Phosphorus (P) | 0.025 max | | Sulfur (S) | 0.025 max | | Silicon (Si) | 0.40 max | | Niobium (Nb) / Columbium (Cb) | 0.01 - 0.10 | | Vanadium (V) | 0.01 - 0.10 | | Titanium (Ti) | 0.01 - 0.10 (often present) | | Nitrogen (N) | 0.015 max | | **Carbon Equivalent (CEv)** | **0.44 max** (Typical, calculated per IIW formula) | *Note:* Microalloying elements **Niobium (Nb)**, **Vanadium (V)**, and sometimes **Titanium (Ti)** are critical. They form fine carbonitride precipitates during controlled rolling and cooling, providing significant precipitation strengthening and grain refinement. The low carbon content and controlled CEv are essential for its weldability profile. --- ## **3. Mechanical & Physical Properties** ### **A. Mandatory Mechanical Properties (as-rolled/TMCP condition):** | Property | Value - Grade 3 | | :--- | :--- | | **Minimum Yield Strength** | 70 ksi (485 MPa) | | **Tensile Strength Range** | 75 - 90 ksi (520 - 620 MPa) | | **Minimum Elongation in 2-in (50 mm)** | 17% | | **Charpy V-Notch Impact Toughness** | Typically specified by the purchaser. Common testing temperatures are **0°F (-18°C)** or **-20°F (-29°C)**, with minimum average energy values such as **20 ft-lbf (27 J)** or higher required for structural integrity in demanding environments. | ### **B. Key Features & Advantages:** * **Very High Strength:** 70 ksi minimum yield strength enables significant weight reduction in structures and components. * **Excellent Weldability (for its strength class):** The low carbon equivalent (CEv) reduces preheat requirements and minimizes the risk of hydrogen-induced cracking. This is a major advantage over quenched & tempered steels of similar strength. * **Good Toughness:** The TMCP process produces a fine-grained microstructure that provides good low-temperature impact resistance. * **As-Rolled Condition:** Plates are supplied ready for fabrication, eliminating the cost, time, and potential distortion associated with off-line heat treatment. * **Good Formability:** Suitable for moderate bending and forming operations, considering its high strength. ### **C. Typical Physical Properties:** * **Density:** 0.284 lb/in³ (7,850 kg/m³) * **Modulus of Elasticity:** 29 x 10⁶ psi (200 GPa) * **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 6.5 x 10⁻⁶/°F (11.7 x 10⁻⁶/°C) * **Poisson's Ratio:** 0.29 * **Thermal Conductivity:** ~40-45 W/m·K (approx.) --- ## **4. Product Forms & Availability** * **Form:** Hot-rolled steel plates. * **Thickness Range:** Commonly available from about 0.187 inches (5 mm) up to 1.5 inches (38 mm) or more, depending on the mill's rolling capabilities. * **Condition:** Supplied in the **as-rolled/TMCP condition**. Subsequent heat treatment is not recommended as it will alter the carefully engineered microstructure. --- ## **5. Primary Applications** ASTM A656 Grade 3 is selected for demanding structural applications where its high strength-to-weight ratio and weldability offer significant advantages. * **Heavy-Duty Truck & Transportation:** * Main chassis frames and rails for severe-service dump trucks, logging trucks, and military vehicles. * High-stress trailer components (gooseneck, bolster plates). * **Construction, Mining & Material Handling Equipment:** * Boom sections and jibs for mobile cranes. * Structural members for excavators, wheel loaders, and bulldozers. * Chassis and subframes for large mining haul trucks. * *Bodies of heavy-duty dump trucks and mining equipment.* * **Industrial & Structural Applications:** * High-stress members in mobile equipment frames. * *Lifting devices, spreader beams, and crane runways.* * *Components in agricultural machinery requiring high durability.* * **Bridge & Infrastructure (for specific components):** Where weight savings are critical, such as in movable bridge parts or high-load components. --- ## **6. Fabrication Considerations** * **Welding:** Requires standard low-hydrogen welding practices. Recommended consumables are typically AWS E80XX series (e.g., E8018-C3 for SMAW) to match or slightly under-match the high base metal strength. Proper preheat (as determined by thickness and CEv) and interpass temperature control are essential to maintain HAZ toughness. * **Cutting:** All conventional methods (plasma, oxy-fuel, laser, waterjet) are suitable. Preheating may be advised for flame cutting thicker sections to prevent hard zone formation. * **Forming:** Cold forming is possible but requires more force than lower-grade steels. Minimum bend radii are larger; consultation with the steel producer for specific guidelines is recommended. * **Machining:** Requires more power and appropriate tooling (carbide inserts) compared to mild steel. Use positive rake angles and adequate cooling. --- ## **Summary** **ASTM A656 Grade 3** is a **high-performance TMCP steel** that delivers an outstanding balance of **very high strength (70 ksi min yield) and fabricability.** Its **as-rolled condition and superior weldability** make it a **cost-effective and efficient alternative to quenched & tempered grades** for a wide range of demanding mobile and structural applications. Engineers select Grade 3 to achieve maximum payload capacity, reduce fuel consumption through lightweight design, and enhance structural durability without compromising on the ease of fabrication. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A656 Steel, Grade 3 Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4509 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A656 Steel, Grade 3 Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of ASTM A656 Steel Capillary, Grade 3 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers ASTM A656 Steel Capillary, Grade 3 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of ASTM A656 Steel Capillary, Grade 3 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Capillary drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 980 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition