AISI 1021 Steel, normalized

AISI 1021 Steel, normalized at 925°C (1700°F), air cooled, 13 mm (0.5 in.) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1021 Steel, normalized at 925°C (1700°F), air cooled, 13 mm (0.5 in.) round Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1021 Steel, normalized at 925°C (1700°F), air cooled, 13 mm (0.5 in.) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Technical Specification: AISI 1021 Steel, Normalized, Round Bar (13 mm / 0.5 in.)** --- ## **1. Product Overview** This product is a precision-grade **AISI 1021 low-carbon steel** round bar, optimized through a controlled **Normalization** heat treatment. The **13 mm (0.5 inch) diameter** bar is uniformly heated to **925°C (1700°F)** – achieving full austenitization – and subsequently cooled in still air. This specific thermal cycle refines the microstructure, homogenizes mechanical properties, and relieves internal stresses inherent in the as-rolled condition. The elevated manganese content of AISI 1021 provides enhanced hardenability and strength potential compared to AISI 1020. The normalized state for this small diameter ensures a uniform, fine-grained structure throughout, delivering an exceptional balance of strength, ductility, and machinability for high-precision, critical components. ## **2. Key Process & Metallurgical Advantages** * **Full Microstructural Refinement:** The 925°C treatment ensures complete transformation to austenite, followed by air cooling to produce a uniform, fine-grained ferrite-pearlite structure, eliminating banding and coarse grains. * **Optimal Property Uniformity:** For the 13 mm diameter, the rapid and uniform air cooling guarantees highly consistent mechanical properties from surface to core, ensuring predictable performance in precision parts. * **Complete Stress Relief:** Effectively eliminates residual stresses from prior hot rolling, which is critical for preventing distortion during intricate machining operations and ensuring dimensional stability in the final component. * **Superior Machinability Foundation:** The homogeneous, fine-grained normalized structure provides the ideal baseline for machining, offering excellent chip formation, consistent tool life, and superior surface finishes. * **Enhanced Core Potential:** The higher manganese content improves the steel's hardenability, resulting in a slightly stronger and tougher normalized core compared to AISI 1020, providing better performance for parts later subjected to case hardening. ## **3. Standard Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | AISI 1021 Specification | Typical Analysis | | :--------------- | :---------------------- | :--------------- | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.18 - 0.23 | 0.20 | | **Manganese (Mn)**| **0.60 - 0.90** | 0.75 | | **Phosphorus (P)**| ≤ 0.040 | 0.010 | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050 | 0.025 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | *Note: The key distinguishing feature is the manganese range of 0.60-0.90%, which provides greater solid solution strengthening and hardenability.* ## **4. Typical Mechanical & Physical Properties** *Properties are representative for a 13 mm diameter bar normalized at 925°C and air-cooled. The small section ensures maximum property uniformity.* | Property | Metric Value | Imperial Value | | :--------------------------------- | :-------------------- | :-------------------- | | **Tensile Strength** | 460 - 540 MPa | 66,700 - 78,300 psi | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | 390 - 440 MPa | 56,600 - 63,800 psi | | **Elongation in 50 mm (2 in)** | 24% - 30% | 24% - 30% | | **Reduction of Area** | 50% - 60% | 50% - 60% | | **Hardness** | 130 - 155 HB | 130 - 155 HB | | **Charpy Impact V-Notch (21°C)** | 45 - 70 J | 33 - 52 ft-lbf | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 190 - 210 GPa | 27,500 - 30,500 ksi | | **Machinability (Relative)** | **Very Good (~70%)** | (AISI 1212 = 100%) | | **Density** | 7.87 g/cm³ | 0.284 lb/in³ | | **Melting Point** | ~1520°C | ~2768°F | ## **5. Primary Applications** This product is engineered for small, high-performance components where material consistency, precision, and reliability are non-negotiable. * **Precision Shafts & Axles:** For small motors, precision instruments, gearboxes, and automotive subsystems requiring high straightness and torsional strength. * **Gear & Sprocket Blanks (Pre-Carburizing):** The ideal starting material for small, high-strength case-hardened gears, pinions, and sprockets in transmissions and drive systems. * **High-Strength Fasteners:** Bolts, studs, and pins requiring guaranteed mechanical properties and excellent response to heat treatment. * **Hydraulic & Pneumatic Valve Components:** Valve stems, plungers, and small piston rods where wear resistance and surface finish are critical. * **Tooling & Fixturing Components:** Precision dowel pins, guide rods, ejector pins, and fixture elements requiring dimensional stability and wear resistance. * **Bearing Races & Rollers:** As raw material for machining bearing components prior to through-hardening or case hardening. ## **6. Conforming International Standards** This normalized product meets the requirements of international standards for heat-treated carbon steel bars of special quality. * **AISI (USA):** AISI 1021 * **ASTM (USA):** **ASTM A29/A29M** (Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought - Normalized Condition). **ASTM A576** (Grade 1021, Special Quality). * **SAE (USA):** SAE J403, SAE J412 * **UNS (USA):** UNS G10210 * **DIN (Germany):** 1.0406 / C18 (+N condition as per **EN 10083-2**). * **EN (Europe):** **EN 10083-2**: Steels for quenching and tempering – Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy steels. * **ISO (International):** **ISO 683-18**: Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels – Part 18: Bright steel products. ## **7. Fabrication & Processing Guidance** * **Machining:** Offers **excellent machinability**. The uniform hardness and refined grain structure allow for high metal removal rates, excellent chip control, and superior surface finish (low Ra values), ideal for CNC machining and high-volume production of small parts. * **Welding:** Readily weldable using all common processes. For critical small components, the localized heat from welding can alter the normalized microstructure. A full post-weld normalization is recommended for assemblies requiring restored property uniformity. * **Further Heat Treatment:** This is the **optimal and standard precondition for carburizing**. The fine-grained core ensures minimal distortion during case hardening and provides an excellent tough core after quenching. The higher manganese content promotes better core hardness after quenching compared to 1020. * **Surface Integrity:** The normalized bar typically has a clean, scale-free surface suitable for immediate precision machining without extensive cleanup. ## **8. Availability & Identification** * **Form:** Straight length, round bar. * **Diameter:** **13 mm (0.500 inch)** nominal, with standard hot-rolled or turned tolerances. * **Condition:** **Normalized (N)**. * **Surface:** Clean, free of heavy mill scale, often with a smooth, slightly oxidized finish from the heat treatment. * **Microstructure:** Fine, equiaxed ferrite and pearlite. --- **Disclaimer:** The information provided is for technical reference. While normalization ensures high consistency for this diameter, property ranges may vary slightly based on furnace characteristics. For applications requiring guaranteed minimum mechanical properties, certified test reports (MTRs) from the mill should be requested and validated. It is the responsibility of the end-user to ensure the material is suitable for its intended application, including considerations of load, environment, and safety factors. This product is designed as a high-quality machining stock or pre-hardened blank and is not intended for use as a high-strength structural component without subsequent case hardening. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1021 Steel, normalized at 925°C (1700°F), air cooled, 13 mm (0.5 in.) round Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5459 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1021 Steel, normalized at 925°C (1700°F), air cooled, 13 mm (0.5 in.) round Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1021 Steel, normalized at 925°C (1700°F), air cooled, 13 mm (0.5 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1021 Steel, normalized at 925°C (1700°F), air cooled, 13 mm (0.5 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1021 Steel, normalized at 925°C (1700°F), air cooled, 13 mm (0.5 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1930 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition