AISI 1064 Steel, hot rolled

AISI 1064 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1064 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1064 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Technical Data Sheet: AISI 1064 Steel, Hot Rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) Round** ## **1. Product Overview** AISI 1064 steel in hot rolled condition, supplied as 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round bars, represents the most economical and readily available form of this medium-high carbon steel. The hot rolling process involves forming at temperatures above the recrystallization point (typically 1000-1200°C), followed by controlled air cooling on the mill bed. This produces a normalized-like microstructure characterized by fine lamellar pearlite with pro-eutectoid ferrite networks, providing a favorable balance of strength, toughness, and machinability for general engineering applications. This diameter range is particularly popular for machining blanks, forging stock, and structural components requiring moderate strength. ## **2. International Standard Specifications** This product conforms to international standards for hot-rolled carbon steel bars: | Standard System | Standard Number | Grade/Condition | Specific Requirements | |----------------|----------------|-----------------|----------------------| | **ASTM (USA)** | ASTM A29/A29M | 1064, Hot Rolled | General Requirements for Steel Bars | | **ASTM (USA)** | ASTM A576 | Grade 1064 | Special Quality, Hot Rolled | | **SAE (USA)** | SAE J403, J412 | 1064 | Standard Chemical Composition | | **UNS (USA)** | G10640 | - | Unified Numbering System | | **EN (Europe)** | EN 10083-2 | 1.0604 / C64 | Equivalent grade, as-rolled condition | | **ISO** | ISO 683-18 | Type C64E | Hot-rolled condition | | **JIS (Japan)** | JIS G4051 | S58C | Similar carbon steel grade | | **Dimensional** | ASTM A29 | Commercial tolerances | Hot rolled round bars | ## **3. Chemical Composition (Weight Percentage)** Standard composition providing optimal hot-rolled properties: | Element | Specification Range | Typical Value | Metallurgical Role in Hot Rolled State | |---------|-------------------|---------------|--------------------------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.60-0.70% | 0.65% | Primary strengthening element; forms ~85-90% pearlite | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.50-0.80% | 0.65% | Enhances strength and hardenability; promotes fine grain structure | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15-0.35% | 0.25% | Deoxidizer (fully killed steel); solid solution strengthener | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.040% | 0.018% | Residual element; improves machinability but reduces toughness | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050% | 0.025% | Residual element; improves machinability, can cause hot shortness | | **Chromium (Cr)** | ≤ 0.25% | 0.10% | Residual element; minimal effect in hot rolled condition | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | Base matrix material | *Note: Compared to AISI 1060, 1064 has slightly higher carbon content (0.60-0.70% vs 0.55-0.65%) and slightly lower manganese range, which affects hardenability and strength.* ## **4. Manufacturing Process & Microstructure** ### **4.1 Hot Rolling Process:** 1. **Reheating:** 1150-1250°C (2100-2280°F) for uniform heating 2. **Rough Rolling:** Initial breakdown to intermediate sizes 3. **Finish Rolling:** Final reduction at 900-950°C (1650-1740°F) 4. **Cooling:** Controlled air cooling on cooling bed 5. **Straightening & Cutting:** To required lengths ### **4.2 Resulting Microstructure:** - **Primary Structure:** Fine to medium lamellar pearlite (85-90%) - **Ferrite Distribution:** Continuous network at prior austenite grain boundaries - **Grain Size:** ASTM 5-7 (20-40 μm) - **Pearlite Interlamellar Spacing:** 0.15-0.30 μm - **Inclusions:** Typical mill inclusions (sulfides, oxides) within standard limits - **Surface Condition:** Characteristic blue-black mill scale (0.025-0.075 mm thick) ## **5. Mechanical Properties (As-Hot Rolled)** ### **5.1 Standard Mechanical Properties:** | Property | Value Range | Typical Value | Test Standard | Notes | |----------|-------------|---------------|---------------|-------| | **Tensile Strength** | 660-820 MPa | 740 MPa | ASTM E8/E8M | Higher than 1060 due to carbon content | | **Yield Strength (0.2%)** | 360-480 MPa | 420 MPa | ASTM E8/E8M | Good yield ratio (~0.57) | | **Elongation (50 mm)** | 12-18% | 15% | ASTM E8/E8M | Adequate ductility | | **Reduction of Area** | 35-50% | 42% | ASTM E8/E8M | Moderate ductility | | **Hardness (Brinell)** | 179-229 HB | 204 HB | ASTM E10 | Consistent through section | | **Hardness (Rockwell)** | 88-99 HRB | 94 HRB | ASTM E18 | | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200-205 GPa | 203 GPa | ASTM E111 | | | **Shear Modulus** | 78-80 GPa | 79 GPa | - | | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.28-0.30 | 0.29 | - | | ### **5.2 Additional Properties:** | Property | Value Range | Conditions/Notes | |----------|-------------|-----------------| | **Charpy V-Notch Impact** | 12-20 J @ 20°C | ASTM E23, longitudinal | | **Fatigue Strength** | 270-330 MPa @ 10⁷ cycles | Rotating bending, polished | | **Machinability Rating** | 50-55% | Relative to B1112=100% | | **Endurance Ratio** | 0.40-0.45 | (Fatigue/UTS) | | **True Fracture Strain** | 0.5-0.7 | Moderate ductility | ## **6. Physical Properties** | Property | Value | Conditions / Notes | |----------|-------|-------------------| | **Density** | 7.85 g/cm³ | At 20°C (68°F) | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 48.0 W/m·K | At 100°C | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 475 J/kg·K | At 20°C | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.0000160 Ω·m | At 20°C | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 11.6 μm/m·°C | 20-100°C range | | **Magnetic Properties** | Ferromagnetic | Below Curie point | | **Weight per Meter Range** | 2.23-6.31 kg/m | For 19-32 mm diameter | ## **7. Product Characteristics & Advantages** ### **Economic & Availability Advantages:** - **Lowest Cost Form:** No additional processing costs - **High Availability:** Standard stock item at steel service centers - **Quick Delivery:** Typically available from stock - **Versatile Starting Material:** Suitable for multiple subsequent processes ### **Processing Advantages:** - **Good Hot Workability:** Excellent for forging and forming at elevated temperatures - **Adequate Machinability:** Suitable for general machining operations - **Weldable with Precautions:** Can be welded using proper procedures - **Good Heat Treatment Response:** Serves as excellent base material for hardening ## **8. Heat Treatment Response** Hot rolled AISI 1064 responds well to various heat treatments: | Treatment | Purpose | Parameters | Resulting Hardness (Typical) | |-----------|---------|------------|-----------------------------| | **Annealing** | Soften for machining | 790-815°C, furnace cool | 156-187 HB | | **Normalizing** | Refine grain, homogenize | 870-900°C, air cool | 201-255 HB | | **Quenching** | Maximum hardness | 820-840°C, water/oil quench | 62-66 HRC | | **Tempering** | Toughness after quenching | 200-600°C, air cool | 25-55 HRC | | **Stress Relieving** | Reduce residual stresses | 550-650°C, air cool | Similar to as-rolled | ## **9. Primary Applications** ### **General Manufacturing & Engineering:** - **Shafts and Axles:** Drive shafts, transmission shafts, general machinery shafts - **Pins and Bushings:** Dowel pins, hinge pins, wear bushings - **Fasteners:** High-strength bolts, studs, special fasteners (after heat treatment) - **Structural Components:** Where strength exceeds A36 requirements ### **Forging Blanks:** - **Hand Tools:** Hammer heads, wrench blanks, pry bars, cold chisels - **Automotive Components:** Gear blanks, crankshaft blanks, connecting rods - **Agricultural Equipment:** Plow shares, cultivator teeth, tillage tools - **Industrial Tools:** Punches, dies, tool holders ### **Machined Parts:** - **Gears and Sprockets:** For moderate load applications - **Machine Tool Components:** Ways, slides, brackets, arbors - **Hydraulic Components:** Cylinder rods, valve bodies (often surface hardened) - **Bearing Components:** Races, rollers (after heat treatment) ### **Construction & Heavy Equipment:** - **Earthmoving Parts:** Excavator teeth, loader bucket components - **Mining Equipment:** Crusher parts, conveyor components - **Railroad Components:** Brake shoes, coupling parts - **Lifting Equipment:** Hook bodies, shackle blanks ## **10. Fabrication & Processing Guidelines** ### **Machining Recommendations:** | Operation | Speed (m/min) | Feed (mm/rev) | Tool Recommendation | Notes | |-----------|---------------|---------------|---------------------|-------| | **Turning** | 25-35 | 0.15-0.30 | Carbide or premium HSS | Moderate cutting forces | | **Drilling** | 15-25 | 0.10-0.20 | HSS drills | Peck drilling recommended | | **Milling** | 25-35 | 0.10-0.25/tooth | Carbide end mills | Use coolant for extended tool life | | **Threading** | 5-15 | Pitch dependent | HSS ground form | Single-point preferred | | **Surface Finish** | Achievable Ra 3.2-6.3 μm | With proper technique | | | ### **Welding Procedures:** - **Preheat Temperature:** 150-250°C (300-480°F) recommended - **Interpass Temperature:** Maintain 150-250°C - **Filler Metals:** Low-hydrogen electrodes (E7018, E8018) or equivalent - **Post-Weld Heat Treatment:** Stress relieve at 590-650°C (1100-1200°F) - **Alternative:** Consider mechanical fastening for critical joints ### **Hot Working:** - **Forging Temperature:** 1050-1150°C (1920-2100°F) start - **Finishing Temperature:** Above 850°C (1560°F) - **Reheating:** As required, avoid excessive grain growth - **Post-Forging:** Normalize or anneal to refine grain structure ### **Surface Preparation:** - **Scale Removal:** Required for machining, welding, or painting - **Methods:** Shot blasting, pickling, or machining - **Clean Surface:** Reveals typical hot rolled surface with minor rolling marks ## **11. Quality Assurance & Testing** ### **Standard Testing:** 1. **Chemical Analysis:** Ladle analysis provided with shipment 2. **Mechanical Testing:** Batch testing per ASTM A29 requirements 3. **Visual Inspection:** For surface defects, straightness 4. **Dimensional Verification:** Against commercial hot rolled tolerances 5. **Certification:** Mill test certificate per EN 10204 2.2 or equivalent ### **Dimensional Tolerances (Commercial Hot Rolled):** | Diameter (mm) | Tolerance (± mm) | Out-of-Roundness (max) | Straightness (max/mm) | |--------------|-----------------|------------------------|------------------------| | 19-25 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1.0 per 300 | | 25-32 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.0 per 300 | ## **12. Comparison with Similar Grades** | Grade | Carbon Range | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Hardness (HB) | Best Application | |-------|-------------|-----------------------|---------------|------------------| | **AISI 1064** | 0.60-0.70% | 660-820 | 179-229 | **General high-strength applications** | | AISI 1060 | 0.55-0.65% | 640-800 | 174-229 | Slightly better weldability | | AISI 1070 | 0.65-0.75% | 680-850 | 187-241 | Higher strength, lower ductility | | AISI 1045 | 0.42-0.50% | 570-700 | 163-207 | Better machinability, lower strength | ## **13. Packaging, Handling & Storage** ### **Standard Packaging:** - **Bundles:** 500-2000 kg bundles, steel strapped - **Protection:** Minimal; mill scale provides some corrosion resistance - **Identification:** Heat number, grade, size marked at bundle ends - **Lengths:** Standard 3m, 6m, or random lengths as specified ### **Storage & Handling:** - **Storage Conditions:** Dry, covered storage preferred - **Stacking:** Flat with spacers to prevent bending - **Handling Equipment:** Proper slings or magnets - **Corrosion Protection:** Light oil coating for extended storage ### **Weight Calculations:** | Diameter (mm) | Weight (kg/m) | Weight (lb/ft) | |--------------|---------------|----------------| | 19 | 2.23 | 1.50 | | 25 | 3.85 | 2.59 | | 32 | 6.31 | 4.24 | ## **14. Technical Notes & Limitations** ### **Advantages:** 1. **Cost-Effective:** Most economical supply form 2. **Readily Available:** Standard inventory item 3. **Good Base Material:** For subsequent heat treatment or machining 4. **Adequate Properties:** For many general engineering applications ### **Limitations:** 1. **Surface Quality:** Mill scale must be removed for many applications 2. **Dimensional Tolerances:** Wider than cold finished products 3. **Property Variations:** Can vary with cooling conditions 4. **Residual Stresses:** May be present from uneven cooling ### **Special Considerations:** - **Decarburization:** Surface decarb of 0.25-0.50 mm typical - **Anisotropy:** Properties may vary with orientation - **Size Effect:** Properties can vary with diameter within range --- **TECHNICAL SUMMARY:** AISI 1064 hot rolled round bars in the 19-32 mm range offer a **cost-effective, versatile material solution** for applications requiring moderate to high strength. The higher carbon content compared to 1060 provides increased strength and hardenability, making it suitable for components that may be heat treated for additional performance. **Recommended for:** - General engineering components where as-rolled strength is adequate - Forging blanks and stock for hot working operations - Machined parts that will be heat treated after machining - Structural applications requiring higher strength than mild steel **Consider alternatives when:** - Tight dimensional tolerances are required (consider cold finished) - Superior surface finish is needed (consider turned or ground bars) - Maximum toughness is critical (consider normalized condition) - Through-hardening of large sections is needed (consider alloy steels) **Hot rolled AISI 1064 represents the starting point for many manufacturing processes, offering good properties at minimum cost with maximum availability.** -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1064 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4859 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1064 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1064 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1064 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1064 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1330 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition