AISI 1080 Steel, annealed

AISI 1080 Steel, annealed at 790°C (1450°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1080 Steel, annealed at 790°C (1450°F) Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1080 Steel, annealed at 790°C (1450°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Data Sheet: AISI 1080 Steel - Annealed at 790°C (1450°F)** #### **1. Overview: The Standard Softened Condition for Machining and Forming** This datasheet describes **AISI 1080 high-carbon steel in a fully annealed condition**, achieved by heating to 790°C (1450°F) followed by slow furnace cooling. Annealing is a fundamental heat treatment process designed to produce the **softest, most ductile, and most dimensionally stable state** of the steel, with a uniform microstructure ideal for subsequent machining, cold forming, or as a preparatory step for further heat treatment. The 790°C temperature ensures complete austenitization, allowing for the formation of a coarse, equilibrium microstructure upon slow cooling. This condition represents the baseline from which all other high-strength properties of AISI 1080 are developed through subsequent thermal or mechanical processing. **Heat Treatment Rationale:** * **Heating to 790°C (1450°F):** This temperature is above the upper critical temperature (Ac₃) for AISI 1080, ensuring the complete transformation of the microstructure into homogeneous austenite. * **Furnace Cooling:** The key to annealing. The very slow, controlled cooling rate (typically ≤ 20°C per hour through the critical range) allows diffusion-controlled transformations to proceed to completion, resulting in a coarse pearlitic or near-spheroidized structure with minimal internal stress. --- #### **2. Base Material Chemical Composition (AISI/SAE 1080)** | Element | Content (%) | | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | **0.75 - 0.88** | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.60 - 0.90 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.040 | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | --- #### **3. Typical Physical & Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition)** | Property | Typical Value / Description | | :--- | :--- | | **Condition** | Full Anneal (Furnace Cooled from 790°C) | | **Microstructure** | **Coarse Lamellar Pearlite** (May contain some proeutectoid cementite at grain boundaries). This is the softest stable microstructure for this composition. | | **Hardness** | **174 - 201 HB** (Brinell) / **~85-93 HRB** | | **Tensile Strength** | **585 - 725 MPa (85 - 105 ksi)** | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | **325 - 415 MPa (47 - 60 ksi)** | | **Elongation (in 50 mm)** | **~ 15 - 20%** | | **Reduction in Area** | **~ 30 - 40%** | | **Machinability** | **Good.** The coarse pearlitic structure provides consistent chip formation and reasonable tool life. However, it is more abrasive than a spheroidized annealed structure. | | **Cold Formability** | **Fair.** Softer than the as-rolled state, allowing for moderate bending and shaping. For severe cold forming (e.g., cold heading), a **spheroidized anneal** is superior. | | **Internal Stress** | Very Low. The slow cooling minimizes residual thermal stresses. | | **Hardenability Response** | **Predictable but requires attention.** The coarse carbides require sufficient time at the austenitizing temperature during a subsequent hardening cycle to fully dissolve. | --- #### **4. Key Characteristics & Metallurgical Purpose** * **Maximum Softness and Ductility:** The primary goal. This state minimizes hardness to facilitate metal removal during machining and reduce the forces required for forming operations. * **Homogenization:** Eliminates chemical segregation and microstructural banding from previous rolling or forging, creating a uniform starting point. * **Stress Relief:** Effectively removes residual stresses from prior processing, ensuring dimensional stability for precision machining. * **Grain Refinement (Not the primary goal):** Unlike normalizing, full annealing often results in a coarser grain size, which is acceptable for its intended purposes of softness and machinability. * **Foundation for Hardening:** Provides a consistent, stress-free microstructure that responds uniformly to subsequent quenching, leading to more predictable results and reduced risk of distortion or cracking. --- #### **5. Primary Applications** **1. As a Pre-Processing Condition (Most Common Use):** * **Machining Stock:** The standard supplied condition for bars and billets destined for extensive machining into tools, components, or dies prior to final hardening. * **Forging Stock:** Annealed stock is often used for hot forging operations, as the uniform soft structure allows for easier deformation. * **Preparatory Step for Cold Working:** Serves as a starting point before processes like cold drawing, where further softening via spheroidizing might be applied. **2. As a Final Condition (Less Common):** * **Non-Critical Structural Components:** For parts where the moderate strength of annealed 1080 is sufficient and no wear resistance is required. * **Components for Subsequent Case Hardening:** As a core material for parts that will be carburized or nitrided, where a soft, tough core is desirable. --- #### **6. Relevant Standards & Specifications** | Standard / Aspect | Relevance | | :--- | :--- | | **Base Material Standard** | **AISI 1080 / SAE J403 / UNS G10800** | | **Heat Treatment Specification** | Commonly specified as: "Annealed: Heat to 790°C (1450°F), furnace cool." | | **ASTM A29/A29M** | Specification for steel bars. Annealing is a standard option for delivery. | | **ASTM A510** | For wire rods, annealing is a common specified condition. | | **SAE J416** | Standard heat treatment practices for steel. | | **DIN / EN Equivalent** | **1.1231 / C80W2 (+A)** where +A denotes annealed condition per EN 10083. | --- ### **Critical Processing & Selection Considerations** 1. **Not for Severe Cold Forming:** For processes like cold heading or severe extrusion, a **spheroidized anneal** is required to prevent cracking. Standard annealing may not be sufficient. 2. **Decarburization:** The prolonged time at high temperature can cause significant surface decarburization. For critical parts, allowance must be made for machining below the decarb layer, or controlled atmosphere furnaces should be used. 3. **Cooling Rate is Critical:** True "furnace cooling" means cooling with the furnace shut off, not simply removing the part. Controlled slow cooling is essential to achieve the desired soft microstructure. 4. **Alternative: Spheroidize Anneal:** If maximum machinability or cold formability is required, a spheroidize anneal (holding at 740°C for 10+ hours) produces globular carbides and even lower hardness. **Summary:** **AISI 1080 annealed at 790°C represents the standardized softened state of this high-carbon steel.** It is the **essential starting point for manufacturing**, offering optimal machinability, uniformity, and stability for components that will later be heat-treated to high strength. Its value lies in its role as a **process-friendly intermediate material**, enabling efficient fabrication before the final, performance-enhancing transformation via quenching and tempering. For applications where the annealed properties themselves are sufficient, it provides a reliable and cost-effective material solution. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1080 Steel, annealed at 790°C (1450°F) Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4890 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1080 Steel, annealed at 790°C (1450°F) Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1080 Steel, annealed at 790°C (1450°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1080 Steel, annealed at 790°C (1450°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1080 Steel, annealed at 790°C (1450°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1361 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition