AISI 1080 Steel, oil quenched from 815°C (1500°F), tempered at 480°C (900°F)

AISI 1080 Steel, oil quenched from 815°C (1500°F), tempered at 480°C (900°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1080 Steel, oil quenched from 815°C (1500°F), tempered at 480°C (900°F) Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1080 Steel, oil quenched from 815°C (1500°F), tempered at 480°C (900°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Introduction: AISI 1080 Steel, Hot Rolled, 19-32mm (0.75-1.25 in) Round Bar** **AISI 1080, Hot Rolled** in the 19-32mm diameter range is a premium **ultra-high-carbon steel bar** supplied in its most fundamental and economical mill-produced form. As one of the most commonly specified high-carbon grades, it contains a carbon content that positions it at the practical upper limit for through-hardening plain carbon steels, effectively bridging the gap between high-strength engineering steel and simple water-hardening tool steel. Manufactured via conventional hot rolling above the recrystallization temperature followed by air cooling, this product features the characteristic dark, scaled surface and commercial dimensional tolerances of hot-rolled material. It serves as the primary raw material for applications demanding the highest possible hardness, wear resistance, and spring properties, where the component will undergo significant secondary processing such as forging, heavy machining with stock allowance, or specialized heat treatment. --- ## **1. Chemical Composition (Per AISI/SAE 1080 Standard)** The composition defines a consistent ultra-high-carbon steel formulation. | Element | Carbon (C) | Manganese (Mn) | Phosphorus (P) | Sulfur (S) | **Key Characteristic** | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Content** | **0.75 - 0.88** | 0.60 - 0.90 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.050 | **Ultra-high-carbon steel, widely used for tools and springs.** | | **Role** | **Primary determinant of maximum hardness, strength, and wear resistance.** | Enhances hardenability for deeper effective hardening. | Impurity; controlled to low levels. | Impurity; controlled to low levels. | A plain carbon steel, not a free-machining grade. | **Critical Features of the Composition:** * **Ultra-High Carbon Content (0.75-0.88%):** This is the defining attribute of AISI 1080, providing the fundamental capacity for achieving extreme hardness (up to ~67-68 HRC as-quenched) and a very high elastic limit. Its carbon range overlaps with simple tool steels like W1. * **Balanced Manganese:** The manganese range provides sufficient hardenability for oil quenching of moderate sections. However, due to the very high carbon content, the material is extremely sensitive to quench cracking and requires meticulous process control. * **As-Rolled Microstructure:** The final structure from hot rolling and air cooling consists of fine pearlite with substantial networks of pro-eutectoid cementite at grain boundaries, resulting in high as-supplied hardness but very limited ductility and poor machinability. --- ## **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties (Hot Rolled Condition)** Properties reflect the ultra-high-carbon, air-cooled condition typical for this commercial size range. | Property | **Typical Value - Hot Rolled (19-32mm Dia.)** | **Technical Significance** | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Hardness** | **241 - 321 HB** (Approx. 100 HRB - 34 HRC) | **Very high as-supplied hardness,** providing significant wear resistance but making machining exceptionally difficult. | | **Tensile Strength (Rm)** | **750 - 965 MPa (109 - 140 ksi)** | High baseline strength for structural applications. | | **Yield Strength (Rp0.2)** | **≥ 415 MPa (≥ 60 ksi)** | | | **Elongation (in 50mm / 2in)** | **≤ 10%** | **Very low ductility,** characteristic of ultra-high-carbon steels. Sufficient only for hot forming operations like forging. | | **Surface Condition** | **Heavy, adherent blue-black mill scale.** Surface roughness typically > 10 µm (400 µin) Ra. | The abrasive scale must be completely removed via machining, shot blasting, or pickling for any further processing. | | **Dimensional Tolerance** | Meets **ASTM A29/A29M** commercial tolerances for hot-wrought bars (e.g., ±0.4mm to ±0.5mm). | **Generous machining allowance (2.5-4mm per side) is mandatory** to achieve final dimensions and remove the decarburized surface layer. | | **Straightness** | Commercial straightness; unsuitable for precision applications without secondary straightening. | | | **Machinability** | **~35% of B1112.** **Exceptionally Poor.** The combination of very high hardness, abrasive mill scale, and a pearlitic/cementitic microstructure causes catastrophic tool wear. It is **not intended for any meaningful machining in this state** without prior softening (full annealing or spheroidizing). | | | **Response to Heat Treatment** | Serves as direct stock for **quenching & tempering** (with very high risk), **normalizing**, or **soft annealing**. | The primary application is as a starting point for tools, wear parts, and springs that will be fully heat treated. | --- ## **3. Product Applications** Hot-rolled AISI 1080 rounds are specialized raw materials for components that require ultimate hardness and are transformed through dedicated, expert secondary processing. * **Forging Stock for Tools & Blades:** Primary feedstock for **drop forging** of high-performance hand tools (axes, hammers, chisels), industrial cutting blades, and agricultural implements. * **Blanks for Cutting & Wear Components:** **Blanks for industrial knives, shear blades, crusher parts, and wear liners** that will be softened, machined, and then through-hardened. * **High-Stress Spring Stock:** The classic material for **high-stress coil springs, leaf springs, and torsion bars** after appropriate heat treatment (hardening and tempering) and forming. * **Wear Parts in Extreme Service:** Base material for components in mining, quarrying, and earth-moving equipment subject to severe abrasion. * **Tool Steel Alternative:** Used as a cost-effective alternative to simple tool steels (like W1) for less complex tooling applications where extreme hardness is required. --- ## **4. International & Equivalent Standards** AISI 1080 is a globally recognized and widely available grade with direct international equivalents. | Standard System | Equivalent Grade | **Governing Standard for Hot-Rolled Bars** | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **AISI / SAE (USA)** | **1080** | The defining grade standard. | | **ASTM A29/A29M** | **Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought** | **Primary standard for hot-rolled condition and tolerances.** | | **ASTM A576** | **Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality** | Used for applications requiring better internal soundness. | | **UNS** | G10800 | Unified Numbering System. | | **EN 10083-2** | **1.1525 (C85E)** | European equivalent (C85: 0.82-0.90%C). "C85E" is the engineering steel designation. | | **DIN** | **1.1525 (Ck85)** | German equivalent for through-hardening steel. | | **JIS G4401** | **SK2** / **SK3** | Japanese carbon tool steel equivalents (SK2: 0.80-0.90%C, SK3: 0.75-0.85%C). | | **GB/T 699** | **80# Steel** | Chinese equivalent (0.77-0.85%C). | | **Tool Steel Equivalent** | **AISI W1** (Water-hardening tool steel, typically ~0.95-1.10%C) | Similar in application but with higher carbon; AISI 1080 is often considered a "sub-tool" steel. | **Key Distinction:** The product is **"AISI 1080, Hot Rolled, Round Bar per ASTM A29."** This specifies the most basic, cost-effective form of the material, distinct from processed conditions like spheroidized annealed or cold-drawn bars. Forging quality is often specified under **ASTM A668**. --- ## **5. Key Advantages & Considerations** **Advantages:** * **Excellent Cost-to-Performance Ratio:** The most economical form for steel capable of achieving the highest hardness in the AISI 10xx series. * **Highest As-Supplied Strength & Hardness:** Offers the greatest baseline mechanical properties among commodity hot-rolled carbon steel bars. * **Ideal for Hot Working (Forging):** Excellent as feedstock for forging where the material will be reheated, rendering its as-rolled hardness irrelevant. * **Superior Hardness & Spring Potential:** Serves as the base material to achieve near-theoretical maximum hardness and excellent spring properties after expert heat treatment. * **Wide Availability:** Commonly stocked in standard sizes due to its popularity for tools and springs. **Considerations:** * **Effectively Unmachinable As-Supplied:** **Cannot be machined in this state.** Requires an intermediate full anneal or spheroidize anneal before any precision machining can be performed. * **Severe Decarburization & Scale:** Necessitates deep stock removal to clean the surface, resulting in significant material waste and cost. * **Extremely High Quench Cracking Sensitivity:** The ultra-high carbon content makes this grade notoriously prone to cracking during quenching. Heat treatment requires expert knowledge, often using interrupted quenches (martempering), specialized quenchants (oil, polymer, or hot salt), and immediate tempering. * **Extreme Brittleness:** Possesses very low impact toughness in the as-rolled state and becomes profoundly brittle after hardening. **Not suitable for any application involving shock or impact loading.** --- **Disclaimer:** **AISI 1080 hot-rolled bar is a specialist raw material, not a finished or semi-finished product.** It is unsuitable for direct use in virtually all applications. **Attempting to machine this material in the as-rolled state will rapidly destroy cutting tools.** Always specify an **annealed or spheroidized annealed condition** for any machining operations. When ordering, use the full description: **AISI 1080, Hot Rolled, [Diameter]mm Round, per ASTM A29.** Engagement with a qualified metallurgist or heat treater is **strongly recommended** before specifying this grade to ensure the entire manufacturing and heat treatment chain is viable and understood. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1080 Steel, oil quenched from 815°C (1500°F), tempered at 480°C (900°F) Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5116 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1080 Steel, oil quenched from 815°C (1500°F), tempered at 480°C (900°F) Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1080 Steel, oil quenched from 815°C (1500°F), tempered at 480°C (900°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1080 Steel, oil quenched from 815°C (1500°F), tempered at 480°C (900°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1080 Steel, oil quenched from 815°C (1500°F), tempered at 480°C (900°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1587 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition