AISI 4419 Steel Foil/Strip

AISI 4419 Steel Foil, annealed at 915°C (1675°F), 25 mm (1 in.) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 4419 Steel Foil, annealed at 915°C (1675°F), 25 mm (1 in.) round Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 4419 Steel, annealed at 915°C (1675°F), 25 mm (1 in.) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Technical Data Sheet: AISI 4419 Annealed Steel Round Bar** **Product Designation:** AISI 4419 / SAE 4419 Annealed Steel **Condition:** Annealed at 915°C (1675°F) **Form & Size:** Round Bar, 25 mm (1.0 inch) Diameter --- ## **1. Overview** AISI 4419 is a **chromium-molybdenum-nickel low-alloy steel** that represents an enhanced version of the 4100 series, with the addition of nickel for improved toughness and hardenability. The **annealing heat treatment** at 915°C followed by controlled cooling produces a fully softened, predominantly pearlitic-ferritic microstructure with minimal residual stresses. This condition provides **excellent machinability, formability, and dimensional stability** for subsequent manufacturing operations. The 25mm round size is an industry-standard diameter ideal for machining medium-sized components that will later undergo carburizing or through-hardening heat treatments. The nickel addition in 4419 provides distinct advantages over similar grades like 4118, particularly in terms of core toughness and hardenability in larger sections. ## **2. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** *Composition meets standard specifications for AISI 4419.* | Element | Content (%) | Metallurgical Function | |---------|-------------|------------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.18 - 0.23 | Provides strength through carbide formation and hardenability | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.45 - 0.65 | Enhances hardenability and solid solution strengthening | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | Acts as deoxidizer and provides solid solution strengthening | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 0.40 - 0.60 | Improves hardenability, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance | | **Nickel (Ni)** | 0.20 - 0.40 | **Key differentiator:** Enhances toughness, hardenability, and impact resistance | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | 0.20 - 0.30 | Provides hardenability, prevents temper embrittlement, strengthens grain boundaries | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.035 | Impurity element (controlled) | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.040 | Improves machinability through MnS formation in annealed state | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base element | **Key Alloying Characteristics:** - **Nickel (Ni):** 0.20-0.40% provides significantly improved toughness over nickel-free grades - **Molybdenum (Mo):** Higher range (0.20-0.30%) than many 4100 series steels for better hardenability - **Manganese (Mn):** Moderate level balances hardenability with good forgeability ## **3. Typical Physical Properties (Annealed Condition)** | Property | Value | Unit | Notes | |----------|-------|------|-------| | **Density** | 7.85 | g/cm³ | Typical for low-alloy steels | | **Melting Point** | ~1425°C | °C | ~2600°F | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 190 - 205 | GPa | 27.6 - 29.7 × 10⁶ psi | | **Shear Modulus** | 77 - 80 | GPa | 11.2 - 11.6 × 10⁶ psi | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.29 | - | - | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 42.0 | W/m·K | At 100°C (212°F) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 470 | J/kg·K | At 20°C (68°F) | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 11.7 × 10⁻⁶ | /°C | 20-100°C range | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.23 | μΩ·m | At 20°C (68°F) | | **Magnetic Properties** | Ferromagnetic | - | - | ## **4. Mechanical Properties (Annealed, 25mm Round)** | Property | Value Range | Typical | Test Standard | |----------|-------------|---------|---------------| | **Tensile Strength** | 480 - 580 MPa | 530 MPa | ASTM E8/E8M | | **Yield Strength (0.2% offset)** | 275 - 375 MPa | 325 MPa | ASTM E8/E8M | | **Elongation (in 50mm)** | 28 - 35% | 32% | ASTM E8/E8M | | **Reduction of Area** | 60 - 70% | 65% | ASTM E8/E8M | | **Hardness (Brinell)** | 140 - 180 HBW | 160 HBW | ASTM E10 | | **Hardness (Rockwell)** | 75 - 88 HRB | 82 HRB | ASTM E18 | | **Impact Energy (Charpy V-Notch)** | 100 - 130 J | 115 J | ASTM E23 (20°C) | | **Machinability Rating** | 70 - 75% | 73% | Compared to 1212 steel as 100% | ## **5. Annealing Process Details** ### **Full Annealing Cycle:** 1. **Heating:** Gradually heated to **915°C (1675°F)** at 100-150°C/hour 2. **Soaking:** Held at temperature for 45-60 minutes for complete austenitization 3. **Controlled Cooling:** Furnace cooled at 10-20°C/hour through transformation range 4. **Final Cooling:** Air cooled from approximately 600°C to room temperature ### **Resulting Microstructure:** - **Primary Structure:** Coarse pearlite with proeutectoid ferrite network - **Grain Size:** ASTM 5-7 (relatively coarse due to slow cooling) - **Carbide Morphology:** Lamellar cementite in pearlite colonies - **Ferrite Content:** Approximately 35-45% - **Internal Stresses:** Minimized due to controlled cooling ## **6. Key Characteristics & Advantages** ### **Manufacturing Advantages:** - **Excellent Machinability:** Soft annealed structure provides good chip formation and extended tool life - **Superior Toughness:** Nickel content significantly improves impact resistance over similar nickel-free grades - **Good Formability:** Suitable for cold forming operations including bending and stamping - **Uniform Hardness:** Consistent properties throughout 25mm cross-section ### **Heat Treatment Preparedness:** - **Enhanced Hardenability:** Nickel and molybdenum provide excellent response to quenching - **Good Carburizing Response:** Suitable for case hardening applications requiring tough core - **Reduced Distortion Tendency:** Uniform properties minimize dimensional changes during hardening - **Weldability:** Fair to good with proper pre-heat and post-weld heat treatment ## **7. Common Applications** ### **As-Annealed Applications:** - **Precision Machined Components:** Where dimensional stability during machining is critical - **Cold Formed Parts:** Fasteners, brackets, and structural components - **Prototype Development:** Allows easy machining before final heat treatment validation ### **Applications for Subsequent Heat Treatment:** - **High-Toughness Carburized Components:** Gears, shafts, and bearing races requiring exceptional core toughness - **Through-Hardened Parts:** Hydraulic components, tooling elements, high-strength fasteners - **Automotive & Aerospace:** Critical components requiring good fatigue resistance and impact strength - **Heavy Equipment:** Mining and construction equipment components subject to shock loading ### **Industry-Specific Uses:** - **Automotive:** Transmission gears, differential components, steering parts - **Aerospace:** Non-critical structural components, landing gear parts - **Oil & Gas:** Valve components, drilling equipment parts - **Industrial Machinery:** High-strength fasteners, shafting, couplings ## **8. International & Industry Standards** ### **Material Standards:** | Standard System | Designation | Equivalent/Specification | |----------------|-------------|-------------------------| | **AISI/SAE (USA)** | 4419 | SAE J404, SAE J412 | | **UNS (USA)** | G44190 | Unified Numbering System | | **ASTM (USA)** | A322 | Grade 4419 (for bar products) | | **ISO** | **ISO 683-11** | Type 20NiCrMo2-2 (similar composition) | | **DIN (Germany)** | 1.6523 | 20NiCrMo2 (similar) | | **JIS (Japan)** | SNCM220 | Japanese equivalent with similar properties | | **GB (China)** | 20CrNiMo | Chinese standard equivalent | ### **Comparative Analysis with Similar Grades:** | Grade | C (%) | Ni (%) | Mo (%) | Key Difference | |-------|-------|--------|--------|----------------| | **AISI 4118** | 0.18-0.23 | - | 0.08-0.15 | No nickel, lower molybdenum | | **AISI 4320** | 0.17-0.22 | 1.65-2.00 | 0.20-0.30 | Higher nickel content | | **AISI 4419** | 0.18-0.23 | 0.20-0.40 | 0.20-0.30 | **Balanced nickel addition** | | **AISI 8620** | 0.18-0.23 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.15-0.25 | Different nickel-chromium balance | ## **9. Quality Assurance & Testing** ### **Standard Testing (Per Heat Lot):** - **Chemical Analysis:** Complete spectrochemical analysis - **Mechanical Testing:** Tensile and impact tests on representative samples - **Hardness Testing:** Brinell or Rockwell B scale at multiple locations - **Macroetch Test:** Assessment of internal soundness (ASTM E381) - **Decarburization Check:** Maximum allowed: 0.25mm (0.010") total depth ### **Optional Testing:** - **Microcleanliness:** Per ASTM E45 (inclusion rating) - **Grain Size Determination:** ASTM E112 method - **Hardenability Testing:** Jominy end-quench test if specified ### **Dimensional Tolerances (25mm Round):** - **Diameter Tolerance:** ±0.3mm (h11 tolerance grade) - **Straightness:** 1mm per meter maximum - **Surface Finish:** 3.2μm Ra maximum as-supplied - **Out-of-Roundness:** ≤0.1mm ## **10. Processing Recommendations** ### **Machining Guidelines:** - **Cutting Speed:** 30-45 m/min (100-150 SFM) for turning operations - **Feed Rate:** 0.15-0.25 mm/rev (0.006-0.010 in/rev) - **Tool Materials:** Carbide or high-speed steel with proper geometry - **Coolant:** Recommended for optimum surface finish and tool life ### **Heat Treatment Considerations:** - **Carburizing:** 900-925°C with carbon potential 0.80-0.90% - **Through-Hardening:** Austentize at 830-860°C, oil quench - **Tempering:** 150-650°C depending on required hardness - **Stress Relieving:** 550-600°C for 1 hour per inch after rough machining ### **Welding Procedures:** - **Preheat Temperature:** 150-200°C (300-400°F) - **Post-Weld Heat Treatment:** 590-620°C for stress relief - **Filler Material:** Matching composition or appropriate low-alloy electrode - **Processes:** GTAW, GMAW, or SMAW with low-hydrogen electrodes --- **Technical Advantages Summary:** AISI 4419 in the annealed condition offers a unique combination of properties derived from its balanced nickel and molybdenum additions. The nickel content (0.20-0.40%) provides measurable improvements in toughness and impact resistance compared to nickel-free grades like 4118, while the molybdenum content (0.20-0.30%) ensures good hardenability and resistance to temper embrittlement. This makes 4419 particularly suitable for components requiring both good machinability in the annealed state and excellent mechanical properties after heat treatment. **Application Selection Guidelines:** 1. **Choose AISI 4419 over 4118 when:** Higher toughness is required, particularly in larger sections or under impact loading 2. **Choose AISI 4419 over 4320 when:** Moderate nickel content is sufficient, providing cost savings 3. **Consider 4419 for:** Applications requiring a balance of hardenability, toughness, and cost-effectiveness **Economic Considerations:** - **Cost Position:** Typically 10-20% higher than 4118 due to nickel content - **Value Proposition:** Justified by improved toughness and reliability in demanding applications - **Total Cost:** Often lower than higher-nickel alternatives like 4320 **Disclaimer:** This technical data sheet provides typical values and characteristics for AISI 4419 in the annealed condition. For critical applications, specific material certification and application testing are required. Properties may vary based on specific mill practices, annealing parameters, and material history. Users should verify that the material meets their specific requirements before use in critical applications. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 4419 Steel, annealed at 915°C (1675°F), 25 mm (1 in.) round Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5586 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 4419 Steel, annealed at 915°C (1675°F), 25 mm (1 in.) round Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 4419 Steel Foil, annealed at 915°C (1675°F), 25 mm (1 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 4419 Steel Foil, annealed at 915°C (1675°F), 25 mm (1 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 4419 Steel Foil/Strip, annealed at 915°C (1675°F), 25 mm (1 in.) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Foil/Strip drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2057 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition