AISI 4820H Steel Wire

AISI 4820H Steel Wire, normalized 860°C (1580°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 4820H Steel Wire, normalized 860°C (1580°F) Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 4820H Steel, normalized 860°C (1580°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # Technical Data Sheet: AISI 4820H Steel – Normalized at 860°C (1580°F) Condition ## 1. Product Overview **AISI 4820H** steel in the **normalized at 860°C (1580°F) condition** is a high-nickel alloy steel supplied in an optimized intermediate state that provides enhanced mechanical properties and dimensional stability compared to annealed material. The **"H" designation** guarantees specific hardenability bands per **ASTM A304**, ensuring predictable and uniform response to subsequent heat treatment. The 860°C normalization process transforms the microstructure into a refined ferrite-pearlite structure through full austenitization followed by air cooling, resulting in improved strength, homogeneity, and consistent response to machining operations. This condition serves as an ideal intermediate state for components requiring enhanced properties before final case hardening or for applications where normalized properties are sufficient. ## 2. Material Specifications & Standards * **UNS Designation:** H48200 * **AISI/SAE:** 4820H * **Governing Standard:** **ASTM A304** - *Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-Quench Hardenability Requirements* * **Primary Material Standards:** * **SAE J404:** Chemical Compositions of SAE Alloy Steels * **ASTM A322:** Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard Grades * **ASTM A534:** Standard Specification for Carburizing Steels for Anti-Friction Bearings * **Heat Treatment Standards:** * **SAE J1268:** Heat Treatment of Steel * **AMS 2759/1:** Heat Treatment of Steel Parts, General Requirements * **International Equivalents:** * **EN/DIN:** 20NiCrMo2-2+H / 1.6523+H * **JIS:** SNCM220H * **GB:** 20NiCrMoH (China) ## 3. Chemical Composition (ASTM A304 H-Band Ranges) | Element | Content Range (%) | Metallurgical Function | |---------|-------------------|------------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.18–0.23 | **Tightly controlled for hardenability consistency.** Provides base core strength while ensuring excellent core toughness in final carburized state. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.50–0.70 | Enhances hardenability, promotes pearlite formation during normalization; range controlled for consistency. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤0.035 | Tightly controlled residual element. | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤0.040 | Tightly controlled residual element. | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15–0.35 | Deoxidizer, solid solution strengthening. | | **Nickel (Ni)** | 3.25–3.75 | **Primary alloying element.** Provides exceptional core toughness and impact resistance; tightly controlled for predictable hardenability response. | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | 0.20–0.30 | **Critical addition.** Refines grain structure during normalization, improves hardenability, reduces temper embrittlement susceptibility. | **Key "H"-Grade Requirement:** The steel producer must certify that each heat meets specified hardenability band requirements through Jominy end-quench testing per ASTM A304, ensuring consistent transformation behavior during subsequent heat treatment. ## 4. Normalizing Process & Metallurgical Effects ### 4.1 860°C (1580°F) Normalizing Cycle: - **Heating Rate:** Moderate (150–250°C/hour) - **Soaking Temperature:** 860°C ± 15°C (1580°F ± 25°F) - **Soaking Time:** 30–60 minutes per inch of thickness - **Cooling Method:** Still air cooling in uniform environment - **Atmosphere:** Protective or air (with allowance for slight scaling) - **Scale Formation:** Typically <0.025 mm (0.001 in.) with proper atmosphere control - **Decarburization:** Minimal with proper protection (<0.125 mm depth) ### 4.2 Resulting Microstructure: - **Primary Structure:** Fine, uniform pearlite in ferrite matrix - **Grain Size:** ASTM 7–9 (finer than annealed condition) - **Pearlite Interlamellar Spacing:** 0.2–0.4 μm - **Phase Distribution:** Approximately 40–50% pearlite, 50–60% ferrite - **Homogeneity:** Excellent throughout cross-section ## 5. Mechanical & Physical Properties (After Normalizing) ### 5.1 Mechanical Properties: | Property | Typical Value | Test Standard | Notes | |----------|---------------|---------------|-------| | **Hardness** | 187–229 HB (91–99 HRB) | ASTM E10/E18 | 20–25% higher than annealed condition | | **Tensile Strength** | 620–760 MPa (90–110 ksi) | ASTM E8 | 20–30% higher than annealed | | **Yield Strength (0.2%)** | 380–480 MPa (55–70 ksi) | ASTM E8 | Improved load-bearing capability | | **Elongation** | 22–28% in 50 mm | ASTM E8 | Good ductility for normalized state | | **Reduction of Area** | 50–60% | ASTM E8 | Maintains good formability | | **Impact Toughness (CVN)** | 50–70 J (37–52 ft-lb) @ 20°C | ASTM E23 | Excellent due to nickel content | | **Fatigue Strength (Rotating Beam)** | 300–350 MPa (44–51 ksi) @ 10⁷ cycles | ASTM E466 | For normalized condition only | ### 5.2 Physical Properties: - **Density:** 7.85 g/cm³ - **Thermal Conductivity:** 43.5 W/m·K @ 100°C - **Specific Heat:** 475 J/kg·K @ 100°C - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 11.8 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20–200°C) - **Modulus of Elasticity:** 203 GPa (29.5 × 10⁶ psi) - **Magnetic Properties:** Ferromagnetic ## 6. Machinability & Processing Characteristics ### 6.1 Machinability: - **Machinability Rating:** 55–60% of 1212 steel standard - **Recommended Cutting Speeds:** 25–40 m/min (80–130 ft/min) for turning - **Tool Requirements:** Carbide tools recommended; positive rake angles beneficial - **Chip Control:** Produces shorter chips than annealed condition - **Surface Finish:** 1.0–2.0 μm Ra achievable with proper techniques - **Coolant Use:** Recommended for extended tool life ### 6.2 Forming & Fabrication: - **Cold Forming:** Moderate capabilities; may require intermediate annealing for severe deformation - **Weldability:** Fair to good with proper precautions: - **Preheat:** 150–200°C (300–400°F) recommended - **Post-Weld:** Stress relief at 595–650°C (1100–1200°F) - **Filler Metal:** AWS E11018 or similar high-strength low-alloy electrodes - **Machining Sequence:** Normalizing often performed after rough machining to relieve stresses ## 7. Key Characteristics & Advantages 1. **Enhanced Strength Properties:** Provides 20–30% higher strength than annealed condition while maintaining good ductility 2. **Guaranteed Hardenability Consistency:** "H" grade ensures predictable response to final heat treatment across production lots 3. **Grain Refinement:** Produces finer, more uniform microstructure than annealing (ASTM 7–9) 4. **Stress Relief:** Eliminates residual stresses from previous hot working operations 5. **Homogeneous Structure:** Ensures consistent properties throughout cross-section 6. **Improved Response to Final HT:** Creates optimal microstructure for subsequent carburizing 7. **Cost-Effective Intermediate:** Often sufficient for non-critical components without final hardening ## 8. Subsequent Heat Treatment Response ### 8.1 As Intermediate Treatment: - **Ideal Condition** for components requiring additional machining after stress relief - **Provides Uniform Starting Point** for final case hardening processes - **Minimizes Distortion** during final heat treatment compared to as-rolled condition - **"H" Grade Advantage:** Guarantees consistent core hardness after final quenching ### 8.2 Final Heat Treatment Potential: - **Carburizing:** Excellent response at 900–925°C (1650–1700°F) - **Hardening:** Austenitize at 800–830°C (1470–1525°F), oil quench - **Expected Core Hardness:** 35–42 HRC after quenching from carburizing temperature - **Tempering:** 150–230°C (300–450°F) for optimal properties - **Case Depth Capability:** Up to 2.5 mm effective case depth achievable ## 9. Typical Applications ### 9.1 Applications in Normalized Condition: - **Structural Components:** Where normalized properties provide sufficient strength - **Intermediate Manufacturing State:** For components undergoing further processing - **Non-Critical Parts:** Where case hardening is not required - **Prototype Development:** For testing form, fit, and function with representative properties - **Tooling Components:** Jigs, fixtures, and die components ### 9.2 Final Applications (After Additional Heat Treatment): - **Aerospace:** Critical transmission components, landing gear parts - **Heavy Machinery:** Large gears, shafts, and bearing components - **Power Transmission:** Wind turbine gears, industrial gearbox components - **Automotive:** High-performance drivetrain components - **Mining Equipment:** Crusher components, large bearing races ## 10. Quality Control & Testing ### 10.1 Standard Testing: - **Hardness Survey:** Multiple locations to ensure uniformity - **Microstructure:** Verification of normalized structure and grain size - **Tensile Testing:** For critical applications requiring property verification - **Surface Condition:** Check for excessive decarburization or scaling - **Hardenability Verification:** Jominy test certification per ASTM A304 ### 10.2 Certification: - **Mill Test Certificate:** Chemical composition - **Hardenability Certificate:** Jominy test results per ASTM A304 for specified H-band - **Heat Treatment Certificate:** Normalizing parameters - **Property Reports:** Mechanical test results when specified - **Traceability:** Heat number and processing history ## 11. Comparative Analysis | Property | 860°C Normalized (4820H) | 815°C Annealed (4820H) | As-Rolled/Hot-Finished | |----------|--------------------------|------------------------|------------------------| | **Hardness (HB)** | 187–229 | 149–179 | 207–255 | | **Tensile Strength** | 620–760 MPa | 500–620 MPa | 690–850 MPa | | **Yield Strength** | 380–480 MPa | 275–380 MPa | 415–550 MPa | | **Elongation** | 22–28% | 28–33% | 18–24% | | **Machinability** | Good | Excellent | Fair | | **Grain Size** | ASTM 7–9 | ASTM 5–7 | Variable | | **Hardenability Consistency** | **Guaranteed (H-grade)** | **Guaranteed (H-grade)** | Standard variation | ## 12. Storage & Handling - **Storage:** Dry, covered storage preferred - **Corrosion Protection:** Light oil or VCI protection recommended - **Handling:** Standard steel handling practices - **Identification:** Clearly marked with grade, condition, heat number, and H-band - **Shelf Life:** Unlimited with proper corrosion protection ## 13. Technical Limitations 1. **Not for High-Wear Service:** Without subsequent case hardening 2. **Scale Formation:** Some surface scaling inevitable with air cooling 3. **Size Limitations:** Properties may vary in very thick sections 4. **Decarburization:** Possible if not protected during heating 5. **Not for Final Service:** Requires additional heat treatment for most applications --- **Important Note:** This AISI 4820H material in the normalized at 860°C condition represents an optimized intermediate processing state with guaranteed hardenability characteristics. While providing improved mechanical properties over annealed conditions, it does not represent the final optimized state for most applications. For components requiring maximum wear resistance, fatigue strength, or impact resistance, subsequent case hardening (carburizing) and quenching treatments are necessary. The normalization at 860°C provides an excellent foundation for these final treatments, ensuring consistent results and minimizing distortion. *Properties are typical for sections up to 75 mm (3 inches) thickness. For larger sections or specific applications, consultation with a metallurgical engineer is recommended to determine appropriate normalizing parameters and expected properties. The specific H-band must be specified on purchase orders to ensure proper material selection.* -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 4820H Steel, normalized 860°C (1580°F) Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5690 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 4820H Steel, normalized 860°C (1580°F) Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 4820H Steel Wire, normalized 860°C (1580°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 4820H Steel Wire, normalized 860°C (1580°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 4820H Steel Wire, normalized 860°C (1580°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Wire drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2161 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition