AISI E9310 Steel, double quenched

AISI E9310 Steel, double quenched and tempered at 150°C (300°F), 1.4 mm case depth Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI E9310 Steel, double quenched and tempered at 150°C (300°F), 1.4 mm case depth Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI E9310 Steel, double quenched and tempered at 150°C (300°F), 1.4 mm case depth Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Introduction: AISI E9310 Steel, Double Quenched and Tempered at 150°C (300°F), 1.4 mm Case Depth** #### **1. Overview** AISI E9310 is a premium **high-nickel-chromium-molybdenum (Ni-Cr-Mo) aircraft-quality alloy steel**, representing the pinnacle of case-hardening technology for extreme-duty applications. This specification defines the material subjected to the most advanced thermal processing: components are carburized to achieve a substantial **1.4 mm (0.055 inch) effective case depth**, undergo a **double quenching process** for maximum microstructural refinement, and are **tempered at 150°C (300°F)**. This sophisticated treatment produces components with an **ultra-hard, fatigue-resistant case** (typically 60-65 HRC) over a **super-tough, high-strength core** (typically 38-44 HRC). The combination of E9310's superior alloy design, deep case, and double thermal refinement makes it the definitive choice for mission-critical aerospace, defense, and high-performance components where absolute reliability, maximum load capacity, and extended service life are non-negotiable. #### **2. International Standards & Designations** This premium material and process combination adheres to the highest aerospace and metallurgical standards. | Region/System | Standard Designation | Title / Purpose | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **USA (AISI/SAE)** | **AISI E9310, SAE J404** | Chemical Composition (Aircraft Quality) | | **Aerospace Material** | **AMS 6265** | Steel Bars, Forgings, and Tubing 1.8Ni-0.80Cr-0.25Mo (9310) Vacuum Melted | | **Heat Treatment** | **AMS 2759/3** | Carburizing and Carbonitriding of Steel | | **Case Depth** | **AMS 2759/4** | Determination of Case Depth | | **Heat Treatment** | **AMS-H-6875** | Heat Treatment of Steel | | **UNS Number** | **G93106** | Unified Numbering System | | **Aerospace Quality** | **AMS 2300** | Premium Aircraft-Quality Steel Cleanliness (Mandatory) | | **Grain Size** | **ASTM E112** | Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size | | **Europe** | **1.6657 / 14NiCrMo13-4** | Close Equivalent | #### **3. Chemical Composition & Case Profile** E9310's high nickel content is the cornerstone of its exceptional toughness, with carburizing precisely controlled to achieve the deep case specification. **Core Composition (% by Weight, AISI E9310):** | Element | Content Range | Metallurgical Significance | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.08 - 0.13 | Ultra-low core carbon for maximum toughness; surface enriched to ~0.90-1.05% during carburizing. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.45 - 0.65 | Provides solid solution strengthening. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.012 | Ultra-low for aircraft-quality ductility. | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.010 | Ultra-low for optimal transverse impact properties. | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | Deoxidizer. | | **Nickel (Ni)** | **3.00 - 3.50** | **Defining Element:** Imparts exceptional core toughness, fracture resistance, and hardenability. | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 1.00 - 1.45 | Enhances case hardenability and wear resistance through carbide formation. | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | 0.08 - 0.15 | Improves hardenability and tempering resistance; refines grain structure. | **Specified Case Profile:** * **Effective Case Depth:** **1.4 mm** to 50 HRC (550 HV) per **AMS 2759/4**. This deep case is engineered for maximum resistance to bending fatigue and subsurface-originating contact fatigue (spalling). * **Surface Carbon:** ~0.90-1.05%, optimized for high hardness with controlled retained austenite. * **Case Carbon Gradient:** Precisely controlled for a smooth transition, minimizing stress concentrations. #### **4. Mechanical & Physical Properties (Final Condition)** Double quenching and low-temperature tempering produce an ultra-refined microstructure with unparalleled properties. **Final Component Properties:** * **Surface (Case) Properties:** * **Hardness:** **61 - 65 HRC** (Rockwell C) * **Case Depth:** **1.4 mm** minimum effective depth (to 50 HRC). * **Compressive Residual Stress:** Exceptionally high (600-800 MPa), critical for maximizing fatigue life. * **Retained Austenite:** 10-20%, stabilized and refined by double transformation. * **Prior Austenite Grain Size:** ASTM 10-12 (ultra-fine due to double quenching). * **Core Properties:** * **Hardness:** **38 - 44 HRC** * **Ultimate Tensile Strength:** **1200 - 1450 MPa** (174 - 210 ksi) * **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):** **1000 - 1250 MPa** (145 - 181 ksi) * **Elongation:** **≥ 10%** * **Reduction of Area:** **≥ 45%** * **Charpy Impact Toughness (Room Temp):** **≥ 50 J** (37 ft-lbf) – **Exceptional for this strength/hardness level.** * **Charpy Impact Toughness (-40°C):** **≥ 35 J** (26 ft-lbf) * **Fatigue Performance:** * **Bending Fatigue Limit:** **700 - 850 MPa** (102 - 123 ksi) * **Contact Fatigue Life (Pitting):** 2-3x improvement over single-quenched material. * **Fracture Toughness (K₁C):** ~70-90 MPa√m (high for case-hardened steel). **Physical Properties (Core):** * Density: 7.85 g/cm³ * Modulus of Elasticity: 205 GPa * Thermal Conductivity: ~41 W/m·K #### **5. Product Applications** This advanced processed condition of E9310 is mandated for the most critical, high-stress applications where failure is catastrophic. * **Aerospace Critical Systems:** Helicopter main transmission planetary gears, tail rotor drive gears, jet engine accessory drive gears, and flight control actuator gears. * **High-Performance Racing:** Transmission gears and differentials in Formula 1, IndyCar, and top-fuel dragsters where power density is extreme. * **Defense & Military:** Main battle tank transmission gears, submarine propulsion gears, and critical gearing in armored vehicle drive trains. * **Energy Sector:** Critical gears in high-power wind turbine gearboxes and high-speed compressor drives. * **Advanced Industrial:** Gears for high-load test stands, rolling mill drives, and heavy-duty industrial reducers where unscheduled downtime is prohibitively expensive. #### **6. Key Characteristics & Advantages** * **Exceptional Core Toughness:** The **high nickel content (3.00-3.50%)** provides unmatched impact and fracture toughness, crucial for surviving shock loads and overload conditions. * **Optimized Deep Case (1.4 mm):** This substantial case depth provides superior resistance to bending fatigue and subsurface-originated spalling, essential for high-contact-stress, high-cycle applications. * **Ultra-Fine Grain Structure:** Double quenching produces an exceptionally fine prior austenite grain size (ASTM 10-12), significantly enhancing toughness, strength, and fatigue resistance. * **Superior Dimensional Stability:** The double quench process (often involving a lower-temperature second austenitization) minimizes distortion, reducing final grinding stock and improving dimensional accuracy. * **Maximum Fatigue Performance:** The synergistic combination of deep case, ultra-fine microstructure, high compressive stresses, and tough core yields the highest possible bending and contact fatigue life. * **Premium Aerospace Certification:** Complies with the most rigorous standards (AMS 6265, AMS 2300) for vacuum melting and microcleanliness, ensuring supreme reliability. **Process Considerations:** * **Double Quench Cycle:** Typically involves first quench from carburizing temperature (~925°C), re-austenitization at a lower temperature (~815-830°C), followed by a second quench. This refines the grain size coarsened during prolonged carburizing. * **Distortion Control:** Excellent due to refined thermal cycles; however, precise fixturing is still required for complex geometries. * **Retained Austenite Control:** The double transformation helps stabilize and refine retained austenite, often making deep cryogenic treatment unnecessary. * **Tempering:** The **150°C (300°F) temper is essential** to relieve quenching stresses and marginally improve toughness without sacrificing hardness. * **Cost & Complexity:** This is the most expensive and time-consuming heat treatment route for E9310, justified only for the most critical components. **Conclusion:** **AISI E9310 steel, processed via double quenching and tempering at 150°C to a substantial 1.4 mm case depth, represents the absolute zenith of case-hardening technology.** It is reserved for applications where performance limits are continuously challenged and where the consequences of failure are unacceptable. This specification delivers not just superior properties, but **property optimization and maximum consistency** through microstructural refinement. The deep case provides a robust barrier against wear and fatigue, while the double-quenched, nickel-rich core acts as an unparalleled shock absorber. For engineers designing the gears and bearings that must transmit immense power in aerospace, defense, and elite motorsport, this version of E9310 provides the ultimate material solution—where premium cost is justified by unparalleled performance, longevity, and absolute operational certainty. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI E9310 Steel, double quenched and tempered at 150°C (300°F), 1.4 mm case depth Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5753 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI E9310 Steel, double quenched and tempered at 150°C (300°F), 1.4 mm case depth Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI E9310 Steel, double quenched and tempered at 150°C (300°F), 1.4 mm case depth -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI E9310 Steel, double quenched and tempered at 150°C (300°F), 1.4 mm case depth -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI E9310 Steel, double quenched and tempered at 150°C (300°F), 1.4 mm case depth -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2224 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition