Crucible Steel Tube,Pipe,REX® TMO High Speed Steel Tube,Pipe, AISI M1

Crucible Steel Tube REX® TMO High Speed Steel Tube, AISI M1 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel Tube REX® TMO High Speed Steel Tube, AISI M1 Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Crucible Steel REX® TMO High Speed Steel, AISI M1 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Introduction: Crucible Steel REX® TMO (AISI M1) High Speed Steel** Crucible Steel REX® TMO is a high-performance, molybdenum-tungsten high-speed steel (HSS) that conforms to the classic AISI M1 specification. As a foundational member of the M-series, M1 is renowned for providing **an excellent balance of hot hardness (red hardness), wear resistance, and toughness at a lower cost than more highly alloyed grades like M2 or M7**. The "TMO" designation underscores its primary alloying focus on **Tungsten (T) and Molybdenum (Mo)**, which work synergistically to deliver robust cutting performance for a wide range of general-purpose machining applications. REX® TMO represents Crucible's high-quality production of this standard alloy, ensuring consistent chemistry and a refined microstructure through controlled melting and rolling practices. It is engineered to maintain a sharp cutting edge at the elevated temperatures generated during high-speed machining of steels, cast irons, and non-ferrous alloys. M1 serves as a cost-effective and reliable entry point into the world of high-speed steels, offering a significant performance upgrade over carbon and intermediate alloy tool steels for demanding production environments. --- ## **1. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** M1's chemistry is characterized by a moderate tungsten content and a significant molybdenum content, making it a more economical alternative to tungsten-rich grades. | **Element** | **Carbon (C)** | **Tungsten (W)** | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **Chromium (Cr)** | **Vanadium (V)** | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Content** | 0.78 - 0.88 | 1.40 - 2.10 | 8.00 - 9.50 | 3.50 - 4.50 | 1.00 - 1.50 | | **Role** | Provides base hardness and participates in carbide formation for wear resistance. | Contributes to hot hardness and secondary hardening. Forms stable carbides. | **Primary alloying element.** A potent hardenability agent that provides the majority of the hot hardness and wear resistance. More cost-effective per unit of hardenability than tungsten. | Imparts deep hardenability, improves oxidation resistance, and contributes to wear resistance. | Forms hard vanadium carbides (VC) that enhance abrasion resistance at the cutting edge and refine grain size. | *Note: Iron (Fe) constitutes the remainder. Cobalt is not a standard component of M1. The high molybdenum content is the defining feature.* --- ## **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties** *Typical properties after proper heat treatment to a working hardness of 63-65 HRC.* * **Density:** ~8.00 g/cm³ (0.289 lb/in³) – Slightly lower than tungsten-heavy grades like M2. * **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~215 GPa (31.2 x 10⁶ psi) * **Thermal Conductivity:** Moderate. * **Hot Hardness (Red Hardness):** **Good.** Capable of maintaining a hardness above 58 HRC at temperatures around 500-550°C (930-1020°F), enabling efficient high-speed machining. * **Hardness (Typical Working Range):** **62 - 66 HRC.** Most commonly used at **63-65 HRC**, balancing edge retention and resistance to chipping. * **Abrasion Resistance:** **Good.** Adequate for a wide range of machining operations. Superior to carbon tool steels but generally lower than higher-vanadium grades like M2 or M7. * **Toughness:** **Very Good for a HSS.** M1 is known for offering better toughness than M2, making it more resistant to chipping in interrupted cuts or less rigid setups. * **Grindability:** **Fair to Good.** Generally easier to grind than M2 due to its lower vanadium and tungsten carbide content. --- ## **3. Heat Treatment** Heat treatment follows standard HSS protocols, requiring precise temperature control. * **Annealing:** Heat to 850-870°C (1560-1600°F), slow cool in furnace. Annealed hardness: 215-255 HB. * **Stress Relieving:** 600-650°C (1110-1200°F), hold, then slow cool. * **Preheating:** **Critical.** Employ a double preheat: First at 540-650°C (1000-1200°F), then at 815-870°C (1500-1600°F). * **Austenitizing:** **1190-1220°C (2175-2230°F).** A common temperature is **1205°C (2200°F)**. The high molybdenum content allows for effective hardening at these temperatures. * **Quenching:** Air quench (for most tools), salt bath quench, or controlled gas quench. * **Tempering:** **Mandatory Multiple Tempers.** Temper immediately after quenching. **Two to three tempers**, each for 2 hours, are standard. **Typical tempering range: 540-570°C (1000-1060°F).** Exhibits a secondary hardening response. * **Sub-Zero Treatment:** Often applied between quenching and tempering to transform retained austenite and maximize hardness/stability. --- ## **4. Key Applications** REX® TMO (M1) is a versatile, general-purpose high-speed steel for a broad spectrum of machining tasks. * **General-Purpose Cutting Tools:** Drills, taps, reamers, end mills, and milling cutters for machining carbon steels, alloy steels, and cast irons. * **Saw Blades:** Teeth for high-speed metal cutting band saws and circular cold saws. * **Woodworking Tools:** Router bits and shaper cutters where heat build-up is a concern. * **Punches and Forming Tools:** For cold work applications requiring better wear resistance than carbon steels. * **Machine Components:** Wear parts such as guides and bearings that benefit from its hardness and toughness. --- ## **5. International Standards & Cross-References** Crucible REX® TMO conforms to the AISI M1 specification. * **AISI/SAE:** **M1** * **UNS:** T11301 * **European (EN):** HS 1-8-1 / **1.3345** * **Japanese (JIS):** **SKH 2** (Note: SKH2 is typically lower in Mo; a closer equivalent might be SKH 3, but M1 is its own standard). * **ISO:** HS1-8-1 * **Common Trade Names:** M1 HSS, Molybdenum High Speed Steel. --- ## **6. Advantages & Limitations** **Advantages:** * **Excellent Cost-to-Performance Ratio:** Provides genuine high-speed steel capabilities (hot hardness) at a lower cost than M2 or cobalt grades. * **Good Toughness:** More resistant to chipping and shock than many other HSS grades, beneficial for interrupted cuts. * **Good Grindability:** Relatively easier to sharpen and fabricate. * **Proven Reliability:** A time-tested grade with well-understood properties and processing. **Limitations:** * **Lower Wear Resistance than M2/M7:** The lower vanadium content means it may wear faster in highly abrasive machining conditions. * **Lower Hot Hardness than Cobalt Grades:** Not suitable for the most severe high-temperature machining (e.g., superalloys). * **Anisotropic Properties:** As a conventionally wrought steel, transverse toughness is lower than longitudinal toughness. * **Not the Highest Performance:** Serves as a base-level HSS; for extreme demands, higher alloys like M4, M7, or cobalt grades are preferred. --- ## **7. Summary** **Crucible Steel REX® TMO (AISI M1) is the quintessential, economical high-speed steel that brought the benefits of molybdenum-based alloys to mainstream metalworking.** It delivers a solid, reliable performance upgrade over non-HSS tools, enabling higher machining speeds and longer tool life in a wide array of general machining applications. Its balanced properties—particularly its good toughness—make it a forgiving and practical choice for job shops and production environments. While not designed for the most extreme cutting challenges, REX® TMO remains a fundamental and highly cost-effective workhorse in the world of high-speed steel, providing exceptional value for a vast range of cutting and wear applications. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel REX® TMO High Speed Steel, AISI M1 Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6983 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel REX® TMO High Speed Steel, AISI M1 Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of Crucible Steel Tube REX® TMO High Speed Steel Tube, AISI M1 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers Crucible Steel Tube REX® TMO High Speed Steel Tube, AISI M1 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of Crucible Steel Tube REX® TMO High Speed Steel Tube, AISI M1 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Tube drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3454 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition