Crucible Steel Tube,Pipe,CSM® 2 Mold Steel Tube,Pipe, AISI P20

Crucible Steel Tube CSM® 2 Mold Steel Tube, AISI P20 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel Tube CSM® 2 Mold Steel Tube, AISI P20 Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Crucible Steel CSM® 2 Mold Steel, AISI P20 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Introduction: Crucible Steel CSM® 2 (AISI P20) Mold Steel** Crucible Steel CSM® 2 is a premium, low-alloy, through-hardening mold steel conforming to the globally recognized AISI P20 specification. As a cornerstone material in the plastic injection molding and low-pressure die casting industries, CSM® 2 is engineered for **excellent machinability, good polishability, uniform hardness distribution, and consistent dimensional stability in the pre-hardened condition**. It is typically supplied pre-hardened to a uniform hardness of approximately 28-32 HRC (290-330 HB), making it ready for immediate machining into complex mold components without the need for further heat treatment by the mold maker. The "CSM" designation stands for Crucible Special Metals, denoting a product line with stringent quality control. CSM® 2 offers a reliable balance of toughness, wear resistance, and ease of fabrication, making it the industry standard for a vast majority of plastic injection molds, particularly for high-volume production of consumer goods, automotive components, and technical parts. Its predictable behavior during machining, texturing, and polishing minimizes production risks and lead times. --- ## **1. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** P20's composition is a balanced chromium-molybdenum system designed for good hardenability and stability in the pre-hardened state. | **Element** | **Carbon (C)** | **Chromium (Cr)** | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **Manganese (Mn)** | **Silicon (Si)** | **Sulfur (S)** | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Content** | 0.28 - 0.40 | 1.40 - 2.00 | 0.30 - 0.55 | 0.60 - 1.00 | 0.20 - 0.80 | ≤ 0.008 | | **Role** | Provides core strength and hardenability. The moderate level ensures good toughness in the pre-hardened state. | Primary alloy for hardenability, contributing to through-hardening in moderate sections and providing mild corrosion resistance. | Enhances hardenability, increases strength and toughness, and improves uniformity of hardness in thicker sections. | Aids in deoxidation and is a primary contributor to hardenability. | Deoxidizer and solid solution strengthener. | Impurity kept very low to ensure cleanliness and improve polishability. | *Note: Iron (Fe) constitutes the remainder. Modified P20 variants may include nickel (Ni) or increased molybdenum for enhanced properties in larger sections.* --- ## **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties** *Supplied in a pre-hardened and tempered condition, typically at 28-32 HRC (290-330 HB).* * **Density:** ~7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) * **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~205 GPa (29.7 x 10⁶ psi) * **Thermal Conductivity:** Moderate. * **Supplied Hardness:** **28 - 32 HRC (290 - 330 HB).** This pre-hardened condition provides immediate machinability with adequate wear resistance for most plastic molding applications. * **Uniformity of Hardness:** **Excellent.** Properly processed CSM® 2 exhibits minimal hardness variation from surface to core in standard block sizes (up to ~600mm thick), ensuring consistent machining behavior and performance. * **Machinability:** **Excellent.** One of its key advantages. It machines easily with good chip control and surface finish in the pre-hardened state, reducing tool wear and manufacturing time. * **Polishability:** **Very Good to Excellent.** Capable of achieving high-grade mirror finishes (e.g., SPI-A1), which is critical for molding transparent or high-gloss plastic parts. * **Toughness:** **Good.** Offers sufficient impact resistance for most molding applications, including those with complex cores and lifters. * **Wear Resistance:** **Adequate.** Suitable for molding unfilled and mildly abrasive plastics. For highly abrasive materials (e.g., glass-filled), surface treatments (nitriding, hard chrome plating) are recommended. * **Dimensional Stability:** **Very Good.** Exhibits minimal dimensional change during machining and in service when used within its recommended temperature range. --- ## **3. Processing & Heat Treatment** For the end-user, processing is greatly simplified due to the pre-hardened supply condition. * **As-Supplied Condition:** **Pre-hardened to 28-32 HRC, stress-relieved, and ready for machining.** * **Machining:** Can be machined directly using techniques appropriate for 30 HRC material. No annealing required. * **Finishing:** Can be polished, textured (EDM or chemical), and coated. * **Post-Machining Stress Relieving:** For very complex or high-precision molds, a low-temperature stress relief (e.g., 480-540°C / 900-1000°F) may be performed after rough machining. * **Surface Hardening:** Commonly nitrided (gas or plasma) to increase surface hardness to 60-70 HRC for enhanced wear and corrosion resistance without affecting the core properties. --- ## **4. Key Applications** CSM® 2 (P20) is the most widely used mold steel globally for a vast range of applications. * **Plastic Injection Molds:** Cavities, cores, inserts, ejector pins, and mold bases for appliances, automotive interiors, consumer electronics, packaging, and toys. * **Low-Pressure Die Casting Molds** for zinc, aluminum, and magnesium alloys. * **Blow Molds** for PET and other plastics. * **Structural Foam Molds.** * **Master Models and Patterns** for prototyping. * **General-Purpose Tooling** requiring a tough, stable, and machinable steel. --- ## **5. International Standards & Cross-References** Crucible CSM® 2 conforms to the AISI P20 specification, often meeting premium quality grades. * **AISI/SAE:** **P20** * **UNS:** T51620 * **European (EN):** **1.2311** (40CrMnMo7) * **Japanese (JIS):** **PDSS** (equivalent to P20 pre-hardened). * **ISO:** 35CrMo2 (approx.) * **Common Trade Names:** P20 Pre-Hardened, Mold Steel P20. --- ## **6. Advantages & Limitations** **Advantages:** * **Reduced Lead Time & Risk:** Eliminates in-house heat treatment, minimizing distortion and cracking risks. * **Excellent Machinability & Polishability:** Lowers manufacturing costs and enables high-quality surface finishes. * **Proven Reliability & Consistency:** A well-understood material with predictable performance. * **Good All-Round Performance:** Balanced toughness, wear resistance, and stability suitable for most plastic molding needs. * **Wide Availability:** Readily available in a variety of sizes and shapes. **Limitations:** * **Limited Maximum Hardness:** Not suitable for applications requiring core hardness above ~32 HRC without through-hardening (a different process). * **Moderate Wear Resistance:** Requires surface treatment for molding highly abrasive or corrosive plastics. * **Not Stainless:** Will rust if not protected; often used with protective coatings in moist environments. * **Limited High-Temperature Performance:** Not designed for hot work tooling or high-temperature molding cycles above ~300°C (570°F) for extended periods. --- ## **7. Summary** **Crucible Steel CSM® 2 (AISI P20) is the quintessential, industry-standard pre-hardened mold steel that defines efficiency and reliability in mold making.** Its success lies in its perfect alignment with the needs of the plastic injection molding industry: a material that arrives ready to be transformed into a high-precision tool with minimal processing complexity and maximum predictability. By offering an optimal balance of machinability, polishability, and in-service performance, CSM® 2 enables mold makers to deliver high-quality tools faster and with greater confidence. For the vast majority of plastic injection molds, it remains the default, cost-effective, and high-performance choice—a true workhorse material that has stood the test of time. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel CSM® 2 Mold Steel, AISI P20 Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <7000 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel CSM® 2 Mold Steel, AISI P20 Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of Crucible Steel Tube CSM® 2 Mold Steel Tube, AISI P20 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers Crucible Steel Tube CSM® 2 Mold Steel Tube, AISI P20 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of Crucible Steel Tube CSM® 2 Mold Steel Tube, AISI P20 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Tube drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3471 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition