1800 Maraging Steel

1800 Maraging Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: 1800 Maraging Steel Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

1800 Maraging Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # 1800 Maraging Steel (18Ni-1800 MPa Grade) ## **Overview** **1800 Maraging Steel** (also commonly referred to as **18Ni-1800** or **Grade 1800**) is a high-strength, low-carbon martensitic steel belonging to the **18% Nickel Maraging Steel** family. It is designed to achieve a nominal yield strength of **approximately 1800 MPa (260 ksi)** after a standard precipitation hardening (aging) treatment. This grade represents a **lower-strength, higher-toughness variant** within the maraging steel family, optimized for applications requiring an excellent balance of strength, fracture toughness, and fabricability, where the extreme strength of grades like 2500 or 300 is not required. --- ## **Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Min (%) | Max (%) | Typical (%) | Function | |---------|---------|---------|-------------|----------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 17.0 | 19.0 | 18.0 | Forms tough, ductile martensitic matrix. | | **Cobalt (Co)** | 7.0 | 8.5 | 8.0* | Controls kinetics of Mo precipitation; critical for age-hardening response. | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | 3.0 | 5.0 | 4.8* | Primary precipitation hardener; forms Ni₃Mo intermetallics. | | **Titanium (Ti)** | 0.15 | 0.35 | 0.25* | Secondary precipitation hardener; forms Ni₃Ti. | | **Aluminum (Al)** | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.10 | Deoxidizer; minor precipitation contributor. | | **Carbon (C)** | — | 0.03 | 0.01 | Kept minimal for weldability and toughness. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | — | 0.10 | 0.05 | Residual. | | **Silicon (Si)** | — | 0.10 | 0.05 | Residual. | | **Boron (B)** | — | 0.005 | 0.003 | Enhances hardenability. | | **Zirconium (Zr)** | — | 0.02 | 0.01 | Grain refiner. | | **Sulfur (S)** | — | 0.01 | 0.003 | Impurity control. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | — | 0.01 | 0.005 | Impurity control. | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | — | — | Base element. | *Note: The exact composition, particularly of Co, Mo, and Ti, is proprietary and varies among manufacturers to achieve the target 1800 MPa yield strength with optimal toughness.* --- ## **Standard Heat Treatment** 1. **Solution Annealing:** * **Temperature:** 815-830°C (1500-1525°F) * **Time:** 1 hour per inch of thickness, then **Air Cool**. * **Result:** Soft, ductile martensite with hardness ~28-32 HRC. 2. **Aging (Precipitation Hardening):** * **Temperature:** 480-500°C (900-930°F) * **Time:** 3-6 hours (depending on section size), then **Air Cool**. * **Result:** Peak strength through uniform precipitation of intermetallic phases. --- ## **Mechanical Properties (Aged Condition)** *Typical minimum or average values for longitudinal specimens.* | Property | Value | Notes | |----------|-------|-------| | **0.2% Yield Strength (YS)** | 1700 - 1850 MPa (247 - 268 ksi) | Nominal: **1800 MPa (260 ksi)** | | **Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS)** | 1800 - 1900 MPa (261 - 275 ksi) | | | **Elongation (in 50 mm)** | 10 - 14% | Excellent for this strength level | | **Reduction of Area** | 50 - 65% | | | **Hardness** | 48 - 52 HRC | | | **Fracture Toughness (K_IC)** | **90 - 120 MPa√m** | **Key Advantage:** Significantly higher than Grade 2500 or 300. | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 185 GPa (26.8 x 10⁶ psi) | | | **Fatigue Strength (10⁷ cycles)** | ~600-700 MPa | Highly dependent on surface finish. | --- ## **Physical Properties (Aged)** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Density** | 8.0 g/cm³ (0.289 lb/in³) | | **Melting Range** | ~1400-1440°C (2550-2625°F) | | **Thermal Conductivity (20°C)** | 20 W/m·K | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20-100°C)** | 10.5 x 10⁻⁶ /°C | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.6 μΩ·m | | **Magnetic Properties** | Ferromagnetic | --- ## **Key Characteristics & Advantages** * **Optimal Strength-Toughness Balance:** Provides significantly higher fracture toughness than higher-strength maraging grades (2500, 300, 350), making it more damage-tolerant. * **Excellent Fabricability:** Easier to machine, form, and weld in the annealed condition compared to higher-grade maraging steels. * **Good Weldability:** Can be welded using standard maraging filler metals; post-weld heat treatment is simpler. * **Dimensional Stability:** Minimal distortion during aging. * **High Strength-to-Weight Ratio:** While not the absolute strongest, it offers a superior combination of strength, weight savings, and reliability. --- ## **International Standards & Designations** This grade is often covered under proprietary designations or specific aerospace standards. Common references include: | Standard/System | Designation | Notes | |----------------|-------------|-------| | **Proprietary/Trade Names** | **VascoMax 180**, **Marval 18-180**, **18Ni(1800)** | Common manufacturer names. | | **Aerospace (AMS)** | May be covered under **AMS 6512** or similar, depending on manufacturer and specific chemistry. | Often specified by a Source Control Drawing (SCD). | | **Unified Numbering System (UNS)** | Often grouped under **K92890** (shared with other 18Ni grades), requiring additional specification. | | | **ISO** | No direct equivalent; falls under general precipitation-hardening steel category. | | --- ## **Typical Applications** 1800 Maraging Steel is chosen where high strength is required, but **toughness, reliability, and ease of fabrication are equally or more important** than achieving the absolute maximum strength. * **Aerospace:** * **Aircraft Landing Gear Components** (forgings, housings). * **Missile and Rocket Motor Cases** (where high pressure resistance is needed with good fracture toughness). * **Helicopter Rotor Hubs and Components.** * **Structural Airframe Fittings and Brackets.** * **Defense & Ordnance:** * **Gun Barrel Components and Breech Mechanisms.** * **Armor Vehicle Components.** * **High-Strength Fasteners and Pins.** * **Tooling & Industrial:** * **High-Performance Plastic Injection Molds** (cores, cavities). * **Die-Casting Dies** for aluminum and magnesium. * **Extrusion Press Components.** * **Precision Shafts and Gears** in high-load machinery. * **Racing & High-Performance Automotive:** * **Connecting Rods, Crankshafts.** * **Suspension Components.** --- ## **Fabrication Notes** * **Machining:** Best performed in the **solution-annealed** condition. Significantly easier than machining fully aged higher-grade maraging steels. * **Forming:** Should be formed in the annealed state. * **Welding:** Use GTAW (TIG) with matching filler wire (e.g., ER18Ni). Post-weld heat treatment (full re-solution and aging) is recommended for critical applications. * **Heat Treatment:** Final aging is a simple, low-temperature process with minimal distortion. * **Corrosion Protection:** Not stainless; requires coatings (cadmium, electroless nickel, paint) for corrosive environments. --- ## **Summary** **1800 Maraging Steel** is the **workhorse of the high-strength maraging family**. It delivers an outstanding and balanced set of properties: **very high strength (~1800 MPa YS), exceptional fracture toughness, and good manufacturability.** It is often the preferred choice over the ultra-high-strength grades (2500, 300, 350) when the design philosophy prioritizes **damage tolerance, reliability, and overall system performance** over squeezing out the last increment of strength. Its excellent balance makes it a versatile and widely used material in demanding aerospace, defense, and tooling applications. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: 1800 Maraging Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <7357 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: 1800 Maraging Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of 1800 Maraging Steel -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers 1800 Maraging Steel -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of 1800 Maraging Steel -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3828 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition