Iron Rod/Bar grade 65-45-12

Ductile Iron Rod grade 65-45-12 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Ductile Iron Rod grade 65-45-12 Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Ductile Iron grade 65-45-12 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Technical Data Sheet: Ductile Iron (Nodular Iron) Grade 65-45-12** #### **1. Product Overview** Ductile Iron Grade 65-45-12 is a **pearlitic-ferritic (mixed matrix)** grade that offers a well-balanced combination of higher strength, good stiffness, and moderate ductility. Positioned between the highly ductile ferritic grade 60-40-18 and the high-strength pearlitic grade 80-60-03, it provides an optimal compromise for a vast array of general engineering applications. The grade designation defines its minimum mechanical properties: **65 ksi (450 MPa) tensile strength, 45 ksi (310 MPa) yield strength, and 12% elongation**. It can be produced either in the **as-cast** condition (achieved through controlled chemistry) or via a **normalizing** heat treatment, resulting in a microstructure that provides an excellent blend of castability, machinability, and performance. #### **2. Governing International Standards** This widely used grade is clearly defined across all major international standards. * **Primary Designation: ASTM A536** - *Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings*. The grade is designated as **65-45-12**. * **Alternative Designations:** * **ISO 1083:** Designated as **EN-GJS-500-7** (500 MPa tensile, 320 MPa yield, 7% elongation). **Note:** The ISO designation differs slightly; the widely accepted commercial and technical equivalent to ASTM 65-45-12 is the ISO 500-7 grade, though the elongation values are nominally different. For precise equivalence, properties should be specified directly. * **EN 1563:** (European Standard) **EN-GJS-500-7**. * **SAE J434:** (Automotive) **D5006**. * **Key Testing Standards:** * **Tensile Test:** ASTM E8 / ISO 6892-1. * **Microstructure:** ASTM A247 / ISO 945. #### **3. Typical Chemical Composition** The chemistry is balanced to achieve a mixed pearlitic-ferritic matrix in the as-cast state, typically without requiring strong pearlite-promoting alloys. | Element | Target Range (%) | Functional Role | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | 3.5 - 3.8 | Ensures castability and graphite formation. | | **Silicon (Si)** | 2.2 - 2.6 | Moderate level. Higher Si promotes ferrite; controlled to allow a balanced matrix. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | A moderate pearlite stabilizer. Higher within this range increases pearlite content and strength. | | **Magnesium (Mg)** | 0.03 - 0.05 | Essential nodulizing element. | | **Copper (Cu)** | 0 - 0.30 | Optional. Added in small amounts to promote pearlite uniformity, especially in heavier sections. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.04 | Kept low. | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.015 | Kept very low. | | **Pearlite Promoters (Sn, Sb)** | Generally avoided | Not typically needed for this grade, allowing for simpler charge makeup. | #### **4. Physical & Mechanical Properties** This grade is defined by its balanced property profile. | Property | Minimum / Typical Value | Test Standard & Notes | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Tensile Strength, min.** | **65 ksi (450 MPa)** | ASTM A536 / ISO 1083 | | **Yield Strength (0.2% offset), min.** | **45 ksi (310 MPa)** | Provides good resistance to permanent deformation. | | **Elongation, min.** | **12%** (in 2 inches or 50mm) | Substantial ductility for many loaded applications, greater than high-strength grades. | | **Hardness (Brinell)** | 170 - 207 HBW | Typically ~187 HBW. Offers very good machinability. | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 24 - 25 x 10⁶ psi (165 - 172 GPa) | High stiffness. | | **Charpy Impact (Unnotched) @ 23°C** | 20 - 35 J (Typical) | Good impact resistance for general engineering uses. | | **Fatigue Endurance Limit** | ~230 - 250 MPa (≈ 0.5-0.55 x UTS) | Good fatigue performance. | | **Density** | 0.256 lb/in³ (7.1 g/cm³) | | | **Microstructure** | **40-70% Pearlite** with the balance being **ferrite** surrounding the graphite nodules. Nodularity >80%. | The mixed matrix provides the balanced strength-ductility combination. | #### **5. Product Applications** Grade 65-45-12 is an extremely versatile, general-purpose high-quality ductile iron used across numerous industries. * **Automotive:** **Wheel hubs, brackets, suspension components, steering gear housings, turbocharger housings.** Balances strength with vibration damping. * **Agriculture & Construction Machinery:** **Tractor transmission cases, hydraulic valve blocks, gearbox housings, implement components.** Withstands shock loads and cyclic stresses. * **Fluid Handling:** **Pump housings, compressor bodies, valve bodies** for water, oil, and general industrial fluids. * **General Engineering & Machinery:** **Machine tool bases, press frames, rollers, drive sheaves, heavy-duty gear blanks.** The go-to grade for robust, reliable cast components. * **Wind Energy:** **Components for gearboxes and housings** where a balance of properties is required. * **Railway:** **Non-critical bogie components and housings.** #### **6. Fabrication & Heat Treatment Notes** * **Primary Condition:** Commonly supplied **as-cast** (achieved via chemistry control) or **normalized** for more consistent properties throughout the casting, especially in varying section sizes. * **Machinability:** **Excellent.** Considered one of the most machinable grades of ductile iron due to its moderate hardness and favorable chip-breaking graphite structure. * **Weldability:** **Fair to Poor.** Similar precautions as for other ductile irons apply: high pre-heat (400-500°C), use of nickel-iron electrodes, slow cooling, and post-weld stress relief. Not intended for fabrication welding but can be repaired. #### **7. Ordering Information** Specify: **"Ductile Iron Castings, ASTM A536 Grade 65-45-12"**. Key details to include: * **Condition:** As-cast or normalized (if a preference). * **Drawing/Part Specification.** * **Required certifications:** Standard Foundry Test Report including tensile properties and hardness. * **Any special requirements:** Dimensional inspection reports, pressure testing, or specific non-destructive testing (NDT). **Grade 65-45-12 is often considered the "default" or standard grade for high-quality ductile iron components, offering the most favorable trade-off between cost, manufacturability, and mechanical performance for the majority of industrial applications.** -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Ductile Iron grade 65-45-12 Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6520 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Ductile Iron grade 65-45-12 Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of Ductile Iron Rod grade 65-45-12 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers Ductile Iron Rod grade 65-45-12 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of Ductile Iron Rod grade 65-45-12 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Rod drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2991 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition