JIS SKH3 Tungsten High Speed Tool Steel Rod/Bar

JIS SKH3 Tungsten High Speed Tool Steel Rod Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: JIS SKH3 Tungsten High Speed Tool Steel Rod Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

JIS SKH3 Tungsten High Speed Tool Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # JIS SKH3 Tungsten High-Speed Tool Steel ## Overview JIS SKH3 is a tungsten-molybdenum-vanadium high-speed tool steel that belongs to the **high-performance tungsten series** (T-series) of high-speed steels. This steel grade is characterized by its **excellent red hardness, superior wear resistance, and balanced toughness**, making it suitable for demanding cutting applications where both high-temperature performance and impact resistance are required. SKH3 maintains its cutting edge under high-speed machining conditions and is particularly valued for tools subjected to intermittent cutting or varying loads. ## Chemical Composition (Typical Weight %) | Element | Content (%) | |---------|-------------| | C | 0.75–0.85 | | Si | 0.20–0.45 | | Mn | 0.20–0.40 | | Cr | 4.00–4.50 | | W | 17.50–19.00 | | V | 1.00–1.50 | | Mo | 0.50–1.00 | | Co | 4.00–5.00 | | P (max) | 0.030 | | S (max) | 0.030 | *Balance: Iron (Fe).* ## Physical & Mechanical Properties ### Basic Physical Properties - **Density:** 8.3–8.5 g/cm³ - **Melting Point:** Approximately 1420°C - **Thermal Conductivity:** 23–25 W/m·K (at 20°C) - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 10.5–11.5 ×10⁻⁶/K (20–500°C) - **Specific Heat Capacity:** 0.46 kJ/kg·K (at 20°C) - **Elastic Modulus:** 200–210 GPa ### Mechanical Properties - **Annealed Hardness:** ≤ 277 HB (Brinell) - **Hardened & Tempered Hardness:** 64–67 HRC - **Red Hardness:** Maintains hardness up to 600–620°C - **Transverse Rupture Strength:** 2500–3000 MPa - **Compressive Strength:** 3000–3500 MPa - **Toughness:** Moderate to good for a high-speed steel ## Heat Treatment Specifications ### 1. Annealing - **Temperature:** 830–880°C - **Process:** Heat to annealing temperature, hold for 2–4 hours, then slow cool at 10–20°C/hour to 600°C, followed by air cooling - **Annealed Hardness:** ≤ 277 HB ### 2. Stress Relieving - **Temperature:** 600–650°C - **Purpose:** Reduce residual stresses after rough machining ### 3. Hardening (Quenching) - **Preheating Stage:** - First preheat: 450–550°C - Second preheat: 800–850°C - **Austenitizing Temperature:** 1260–1300°C - **Soaking Time:** 2–4 minutes per 25mm of thickness (salt bath) or 4–8 minutes (controlled atmosphere) - **Quenching Medium:** Oil, air, or salt bath quenching - **Recommended Quenching Temperature:** 500–550°C (martempering) for complex tools ### 4. Tempering - **Temperature Range:** 540–600°C - **Cycle:** Double or triple tempering recommended - **Tempering Duration:** 1–2 hours per cycle - **Cooling:** Air cool to room temperature between tempers - **Final Hardness:** Achieves peak hardness after tempering at 560–580°C ## Key Features & Advantages ### 1. High-Temperature Performance - **Exceptional Red Hardness:** Maintains hardness and cutting ability at elevated temperatures (up to 620°C) - **Thermal Stability:** Resists tempering effects during high-speed cutting operations ### 2. Wear Resistance - **High Vanadium Content:** Forms hard vanadium carbides (VC) that provide excellent abrasion resistance - **Tungsten Contribution:** Forms stable tungsten carbides that resist wear at high temperatures ### 3. Cobalt Enhancement - **Increased Hot Hardness:** Cobalt improves high-temperature strength and red hardness - **Better Thermal Conductivity:** Assists in heat dissipation from the cutting edge ### 4. Balanced Properties - **Good Toughness:** Better impact resistance than higher-cobalt grades - **Resistance to Softening:** Maintains hardness during interrupted cutting operations ## Typical Applications ### Cutting Tools - **Heavy-Duty Drills:** For drilling deep holes in tough materials - **High-Performance End Mills:** For machining hardened steels and superalloys - **Broaches:** For precision internal machining operations - **Gear Hobs:** For cutting hardened gears - **Thread Cutting Tools:** Taps and dies for high-strength materials - **Milling Cutters:** Face mills, slotting cutters, and form cutters ### Special Applications - **Aerospace Components:** Tools for machining titanium alloys and nickel-based superalloys - **Automotive Industry:** Cutting tools for hardened transmission components - **Die & Mold Making:** Cutting tools for machining hardened tool steels - **Woodworking:** Industrial cutting tools for abrasive composite materials ### Forming Tools - **Cold Work Applications:** Punches and dies requiring high wear resistance - **Shear Blades:** For cutting abrasive materials ## International Standard Equivalents | Standard | Grade Designation | Notes | |-------------|--------------------------|--------------------------------| | **JIS** | SKH3 | Original specification | | **ISO** | HS18-1-1-5 | Similar composition | | **DIN** | 1.3265 / S18-1-2-5 | German equivalent | | **AISI** | T4 | Close equivalent | | **UNS** | T12004 | Unified Numbering System | | **GB** | W18Cr4VCo5 | Chinese equivalent | | **AFNOR** | Z80WCV18-04-01 | French standard | ## Machining & Fabrication Guidelines ### 1. Machining (Annealed Condition) - **Cutting Speed:** Moderate speeds recommended - **Feed Rate:** Conservative feeds to prevent work hardening - **Tool Material:** Carbide tools preferred for better productivity - **Coolant:** Use ample coolant to prevent excessive heat buildup ### 2. Grinding - **Wheel Selection:** Aluminum oxide or CBN wheels recommended - **Grinding Parameters:** Light cuts with adequate coolant flow - **Stress Control:** Consider low-stress grinding techniques for precision tools - **Wheel Dressing:** Maintain sharp, properly dressed grinding wheels ### 3. Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) - **Post-EDM Treatment:** Require tempering or stress relieving to remove white layer - **Parameters:** Use conservative settings to minimize thermal damage ### 4. Welding - **Not Recommended:** Generally not welded due to high crack susceptibility - **Special Cases:** If necessary, use matching filler material with proper preheat (400–500°C) and post-weld heat treatment ## Surface Treatment Options ### 1. Nitriding - **Process:** Gas or plasma nitriding - **Depth:** 0.05–0.15 mm typical case depth - **Surface Hardness:** Up to 1100–1200 HV - **Temperature:** 480–530°C (below final tempering temperature) ### 2. PVD/CVD Coatings - **Common Coatings:** TiN, TiCN, TiAlN, AlCrN - **Benefits:** Enhanced wear resistance, reduced friction, improved chip flow - **Application:** Applied after final polishing and cleaning ### 3. Steam Treatment - **Purpose:** Form protective oxide layer - **Benefit:** Improved corrosion resistance and chip flow ## Quality Control & Inspection ### 1. Chemical Analysis - **Methods:** Optical emission spectrometry or X-ray fluorescence - **Frequency:** Each heat/lot to be analyzed ### 2. Hardness Testing - **Methods:** Rockwell C scale for hardened material, Brinell for annealed - **Sampling:** Representative testing from different locations ### 3. Microstructure Examination - **Requirements:** Uniform carbide distribution, proper grain size - **Standards:** According to ASTM E112 or equivalent ### 4. Non-Destructive Testing - **Ultrasonic Testing:** For internal defects in larger sections - **Magnetic Particle Inspection:** For surface cracks - **Dye Penetrant:** For surface imperfections ## Comparison with Similar Grades | Property | SKH3 (T4 Type) | SKH10 (T1 Type) | SKH51 (M2 Type) | |-----------------|----------------|-----------------|-----------------| | **Cobalt Content** | 4–5% | <1% | None | | **Red Hardness** | Excellent | Very Good | Good | | **Wear Resistance**| Very Good | Excellent | Good to Very Good | | **Toughness** | Moderate | Moderate | Good | | **Cost** | Higher | Moderate | Lower | | **Primary Use** | High-temp applications | General HSS tools | Balanced performance | ## Storage & Handling ### 1. Storage Conditions - **Environment:** Dry, temperature-controlled conditions - **Packaging:** Protective coating or VCI paper to prevent corrosion - **Stacking:** Proper support to prevent bending or distortion ### 2. Safety Considerations - **Heat Treatment:** Proper ventilation for quenching operations - **Machining:** Use appropriate personal protective equipment - **Material Handling:** Careful handling due to high hardness after heat treatment ## Summary JIS SKH3 represents a **high-performance cobalt-bearing tungsten high-speed steel** that offers an optimal balance of red hardness, wear resistance, and moderate toughness. The addition of 4–5% cobalt significantly enhances its high-temperature performance, making it particularly suitable for: 1. **Demanding Cutting Applications:** Where tools are subjected to high cutting speeds and temperatures 2. **Difficult-to-Machine Materials:** Such as superalloys, hardened steels, and abrasive materials 3. **Interrupted Cutting Operations:** Where thermal shock and mechanical impact are concerns While SKH3 requires careful heat treatment and is more expensive than standard high-speed steels, its performance benefits justify its use in specialized applications where tool life and productivity are critical. The steel's compliance with JIS G4403 ensures consistent quality and reliable performance in industrial tooling applications worldwide. Proper selection between SKH3 and other high-speed steel grades depends on specific application requirements, balancing factors such as required red hardness, wear resistance, toughness, and cost considerations. For applications demanding the highest level of high-temperature performance without moving to premium powder metallurgy grades, SKH3 remains an excellent choice. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: JIS SKH3 Tungsten High Speed Tool Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6809 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: JIS SKH3 Tungsten High Speed Tool Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of JIS SKH3 Tungsten High Speed Tool Steel Rod -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers JIS SKH3 Tungsten High Speed Tool Steel Rod -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of JIS SKH3 Tungsten High Speed Tool Steel Rod -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Rod drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3280 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition