AISI 1345 Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1345 Steel Flange Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1345 Steel Flange Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1345 Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # Product Introduction: AISI 1345 High-Carbon Manganese Alloy Steel ## Overview **AISI 1345** is a high-carbon, medium-manganese alloy steel belonging to the AISI 13xx series. With increased carbon content compared to the 1330 and 1335 grades, it offers higher potential hardness, wear resistance, and tensile strength when properly heat treated. This grade is particularly suitable for applications requiring excellent surface hardness and good core toughness in larger cross-sections than would be possible with plain carbon steels of similar carbon content. The manganese addition provides the enhanced hardenability needed to fully utilize its high carbon content. ## 1. Chemical Composition The chemical composition of AISI 1345 follows standard AISI specifications with precise control of carbon and manganese percentages: | Element | Content Range (% by weight) - AISI 1345 | |---------|------------------------------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.43 - 0.48 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 1.60 - 1.90 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.035 max | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.040 max | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | **Key Composition Features:** - **High Carbon Content:** 0.43-0.48% carbon provides substantial hardenability and the ability to achieve high hardness levels (up to 58-62 HRC when fully hardened) - **Manganese Enhancement:** The 1.60-1.90% manganese content significantly improves hardenability compared to plain carbon steels with similar carbon content - **Low Impurities:** Controlled phosphorus and sulfur levels ensure good ductility and impact resistance ## 2. Physical & Mechanical Properties ### A. Physical Properties (Approximate) - **Density:** 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) - **Elastic Modulus:** 200-210 GPa (29,000-30,500 ksi) - **Poisson's Ratio:** 0.29 - **Thermal Conductivity:** 46.0 W/m·K at 100°C - **Specific Heat Capacity:** 475 J/kg·K at 100°C - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 11.7 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20-100°C) - **Electrical Resistivity:** 0.22 μΩ·m at 20°C ### B. Mechanical Properties (Heat Treated Condition) **Annealed Condition (for machining):** - **Hardness:** 187-229 HB - **Tensile Strength:** 620-750 MPa (90,000-109,000 psi) - **Yield Strength:** 415-550 MPa (60,000-80,000 psi) - **Elongation:** 20-25% - **Machinability:** 60% of B1112 free-cutting steel **Quenched and Tempered Condition (typical values):** | Property | Low Temperature Tempered (150-200°C) | Medium Temperature Tempered (400-500°C) | High Temperature Tempered (550-650°C) | |----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------| | **Hardness** | 55-60 HRC | 40-45 HRC | 28-35 HRC | | **Tensile Strength** | 1900-2200 MPa | 1250-1450 MPa | 850-1050 MPa | | **Yield Strength** | 1500-1800 MPa | 1100-1300 MPa | 700-900 MPa | | **Elongation** | 8-12% | 12-16% | 15-20% | | **Impact Toughness** | 15-25 J | 30-50 J | 50-80 J | **Hardenability Characteristics:** Due to its combined high carbon and manganese content, AISI 1345 exhibits excellent hardenability: - Capable of through-hardening sections up to 50-75 mm (2-3 inches) diameter in oil - Achieves full martensitic structure in smaller sections - Suitable for case-hardening applications where high surface hardness is needed ## 3. International Standards & Equivalent Grades | Standard/Country | Equivalent Designation | Specification/Note | |------------------|-----------------------|---------------------| | **SAE (USA)** | **SAE 1345** | SAE J404, J412 | | **ASTM (USA)** | **ASTM A29/A29M** | Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy | | **UNS** | **G13450** | Unified Numbering System | | **ISO** | **- (See Note 1)** | Similar to ISO 683-18 Type ... | | **DIN (Germany)** | **46Mn7 (1.0905)** | Close compositional equivalent | | **EN (Europe)** | **1.0905 / 46Mn7** | EN 10083-3 specification | | **JIS (Japan)** | **SMn443** | Similar Japanese alloy steel grade | | **GB (China)** | **45Mn2** | Approximately equivalent Chinese standard | | **Hardenability Variant** | **1345H** | Available with guaranteed hardenability bands per SAE J1268 | **Notes:** 1. Direct ISO equivalents may vary; consult specific ISO 683-1 through -18 standards 2. European grades typically have slightly different composition ranges 3. The "H" variant (1345H) offers guaranteed hardenability for critical applications ## 4. Product Applications ### Available Forms: - **Hot-rolled bars:** Rounds, squares, flats, hexagons - **Cold-drawn bars:** Precision ground and polished - **Forging stock:** Billets and blooms - **Wire rod:** For cold forming applications - **Plate:** Limited availability in specific thicknesses ### Key Industry Applications: #### **Automotive & Transportation** - **Drivetrain Components:** Heavy-duty axle shafts, transmission shafts, drive shafts - **Suspension Parts:** High-stress torsion bars, heavy-duty spring components - **Engine Components:** High-wear camshafts, rocker arms, valve train components - **Fasteners:** Ultra-high-strength bolts, wheel studs, critical fasteners #### **Industrial Machinery & Equipment** - **Gear Manufacturing:** Medium to large gears requiring high surface hardness - **Shafting Applications:** Main drive shafts, propeller shafts, heavy machinery spindles - **Tooling Components:** Dies, jigs, fixtures, and machine tool parts - **Agricultural Equipment:** Plow shares, cultivator teeth, heavy-duty tines #### **Oil & Gas Industry** - **Drilling Equipment:** Tool joints, Kelly bars, heavy-duty drill pipe - **Valve Components:** High-pressure valve stems and parts - **Downhole Tools:** Mandrels, sleeves, and wear-resistant components #### **Special Applications** - **High-Strength Structural Components:** Where wear resistance and strength are critical - **Forged Parts:** Requiring high hardness and wear resistance - **Cutting Tool Bodies:** For certain types of cutting and forming tools ## 5. Heat Treatment Characteristics ### Standard Heat Treatment Procedures: **1. Annealing (Full Annealing):** - Heat to 830-850°C (1525-1560°F) - Soak (1-2 hours per inch of thickness) - Furnace cool to 550°C (1020°F) at 10-20°C/hour - Air cool to room temperature - Result: 187-229 HB, optimal for machining **2. Normalizing:** - Heat to 870-900°C (1600-1650°F) - Soak (30-45 minutes per inch) - Air cool - Result: Refined grain structure, 225-275 HB **3. Hardening (Quenching):** - **Austenitizing:** 810-830°C (1490-1525°F) - **Soak time:** 20-30 minutes per inch - **Quench medium:** Oil (preferred), warm oil, or polymer quench - **Critical diameter (50% martensite):** ~50 mm (2 inches) in oil **4. Tempering:** - Immediately after quenching (within 2 hours) - Temperature range: 150-650°C (300-1200°F) - Time: 1-2 hours per inch, minimum 2 hours - Double tempering recommended for highest toughness **5. Surface Hardening Options:** - **Induction Hardening:** Excellent response, can achieve 55-60 HRC surface - **Flame Hardening:** Suitable for large or complex parts - **Carburizing/Nitriding:** Can be applied for extreme surface hardness ## 6. Fabrication Characteristics ### **Machinability:** - **Annealed Condition:** 60% of B1112 (rated as fair) - Recommended cutting speeds: 40-70 SFM for turning, 25-50 SFM for drilling - Use sharp tools with positive rake angles - Adequate cooling/lubrication required - Pre-hardened material (28-32 HRC) machines reasonably well with proper tooling ### **Weldability:** **Rating: Poor (requires extensive precautions)** - High carbon equivalent (~0.8-0.9) increases crack sensitivity - **Preheating Mandatory:** 300-400°C (570-750°F) - **Interpass Temperature:** Maintain 200-300°C (390-570°F) - **Post-Weld Heat Treatment:** Mandatory - stress relieve immediately - **Recommended Processes:** GTAW with pre-heat, or low-hydrogen SMAW - **Filler Metals:** Austenitic stainless or nickel-based alloys often recommended ### **Forging:** - **Forging Temperature Range:** 1150-850°C (2100-1560°F) - Start forging at 1150°C max, finish above 850°C - Cool slowly after forging (in furnace or insulated medium) - Anneal or normalize after forging to relieve stresses ### **Cold Working:** - Limited cold formability in annealed condition - Intermediate annealing may be required for severe forming - Good response to shot peening for fatigue resistance improvement ## 7. Special Considerations & Limitations ### **Advantages:** 1. High hardenability relative to carbon content 2. Good combination of hardness and toughness when properly tempered 3. Excellent wear resistance in hardened condition 4. Responds well to surface hardening techniques 5. Cost-effective alternative to more highly alloyed steels for many applications ### **Limitations:** 1. Poor weldability requiring extensive precautions 2. Higher distortion during heat treatment than lower carbon steels 3. More susceptible to quench cracking than lower carbon grades 4. Requires careful heat treatment control 5. Not suitable for low temperature applications in hardened condition ### **Safety in Heat Treatment:** - Risk of quench cracking increases with section thickness variations - Always temper immediately after quenching - Consider interrupted quenching for complex shapes - Use stress relief cycles after rough machining ## Quality Assurance Typical testing and certification includes: - Chemical analysis (heat and product) - Hardness testing - Tensile testing (when specified) - Macro/micro examination (when specified) - Non-destructive testing (UT, MPI) available - Hardenability testing for 1345H grade ## Summary **AISI 1345** represents a significant step up in carbon content within the 13xx manganese steel series, providing substantially higher hardness and wear resistance potential than 1330 or 1335 grades. Its enhanced hardenability from manganese allows it to be effectively used in larger sections than would be practical with plain carbon steels of similar carbon content. This steel is particularly valuable for applications requiring: - High surface hardness (55-60 HRC achievable) - Good core toughness in through-hardened parts - Wear resistance in heavy-duty components - Cost-effective performance in demanding mechanical applications The **1345H variant** should be specified when consistent heat treatment response is critical across production batches or in complex geometries. While requiring careful heat treatment control and having poor weldability, AISI 1345 offers an excellent balance of performance and cost for high-strength, wear-resistant components across automotive, industrial, and heavy equipment applications. Proper application engineering should consider its limitations in welding and the need for controlled heat treatment processes to realize its full potential while minimizing risks of distortion or cracking. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1345 Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4004 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1345 Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1345 Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1345 Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1345 Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 475 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition