AISI 5155 Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5155 Steel Flange Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5155 Steel Flange Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 5155 Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **AISI 5155 Steel - Technical Data Sheet** ## **1. Product Overview** **AISI 5155** is a high-carbon chromium alloy steel designed for applications requiring **exceptional hardness, wear resistance, and high strength** after heat treatment. With a nominal carbon content of 0.55% and chromium content of approximately 0.90%, this steel represents one of the highest carbon grades in the standard 51xx chromium steel series, providing maximum hardness potential while maintaining adequate toughness through proper heat treatment control. This steel is particularly valued for its **superior through-hardening capability** and excellent response to quenching, making it suitable for heavy-duty components subjected to extreme wear and high stress conditions. AISI 5155 achieves higher hardness levels (typically 55-60 HRC when quenched and low-tempered) compared to lower carbon grades in the series, while the chromium addition ensures good hardenability for larger sections. --- ## **2. Chemical Composition (SAE J404/J412)** | Element | Composition Range (%) | Metallurgical Function | |---------|----------------------|------------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.53 - 0.58 | Primary hardening element; provides maximum hardness potential for chromium steels | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.70 - 0.90 | Enhances hardenability, contributes to strength, aids in deoxidation | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.035 | Residual impurity; minimized for improved toughness | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.040 | Residual element; typically low for uniform mechanical properties | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | Deoxidizer; provides solid solution strengthening | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 0.70 - 0.90 | Key alloying element; improves hardenability, wear resistance, and tempering stability | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base metal | **Material Designations:** - **SAE/AISI:** 5155 - **UNS:** G51550 - **Common Forms:** Round bars, flat bars, forging stock, seamless tubing - **Available Conditions:** Annealed, normalized, hot rolled, heat treated --- ## **3. Physical & Mechanical Properties** ### **As-Supplied Conditions:** **Annealed Condition (for machining):** - **Hardness:** 201-241 HB (95-103 HRB) - **Tensile Strength:** 655-860 MPa (95-125 ksi) - **Yield Strength:** 415-620 MPa (60-90 ksi) - **Elongation (in 2"):** 15-20% - **Reduction of Area:** 35-45% - **Machinability:** 35-40% (relative to 1212 steel = 100%) **Normalized Condition:** - **Hardness:** 217-269 HB - **Tensile Strength:** 725-930 MPa (105-135 ksi) - **Yield Strength:** 450-690 MPa (65-100 ksi) - **Grain Size:** ASTM 5-7 ### **Heat Treated Properties (Through-Hardened):** **Standard Heat Treatment:** - **Austenitizing:** 815-845°C (1500-1550°F) - **Quenching:** Oil (preferred for sections up to 75mm) - **Tempering:** 150-550°C (300-1020°F) depending on requirements **Typical Properties After Heat Treatment:** | Tempering Temperature | Hardness (HRC) | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Charpy V-Notch Impact | |----------------------|----------------|------------------|----------------|-----------------------| | As-quenched | 58-63 | - | - | 8-12 J | | 150°C (300°F) | 56-61 | 1900-2100 MPa | 1650-1850 MPa | 10-15 J | | 300°C (570°F) | 50-55 | 1650-1850 MPa | 1450-1650 MPa | 15-25 J | | 450°C (840°F) | 42-47 | 1400-1600 MPa | 1250-1450 MPa | 25-40 J | | 550°C (1020°F) | 34-39 | 1150-1350 MPa | 1000-1200 MPa | 40-60 J | ### **Hardenability Data:** - **Ideal Critical Diameter (D₁) in oil:** 80-95 mm - **Maximum section for effective hardening:** ~110 mm in oil quench - **Jominy distance to 55 HRC:** ~J8-J12 - **Jominy distance to 45 HRC:** ~J16-J22 - **Quench severity required:** H=0.35-0.50 (moderate oil agitation) ### **Physical Properties:** - **Density:** 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) - **Melting Point:** 1480-1520°C (2695-2770°F) - **Modulus of Elasticity:** 205 GPa (29,700 ksi) - **Shear Modulus:** 80 GPa (11,600 ksi) - **Poisson's Ratio:** 0.29 - **Thermal Conductivity:** 42.5 W/m·K at 100°C - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 12.2 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) - **Specific Heat:** 460 J/kg·K at 20°C --- ## **4. Product Applications** ### **Heavy-Duty Wear Components:** - **Wear plates** and liners for material handling equipment - **Crusher rolls** and hammer mill components - **Pulverizer parts** in mining and mineral processing - **Scraper blades** and cutting edges - **Chute liners** and hopper components ### **Tooling & Die Applications:** - **Cold forming dies** and die inserts - **Shear blades** and cutting tools - **Punch and die sets** for heavy blanking - **Thread rolling dies** and form tools - **Mandrels** and arbors for tube forming ### **Automotive & Heavy Equipment:** - **Track shoes** and pins for crawler equipment - **Gears** for heavy-duty transmissions - **Axle shafts** for extreme service conditions - **Sprockets** and chain drives - **Bushings** and wear sleeves ### **Industrial Machinery:** - **Gears** for heavy industrial gearboxes - **Shafts** subject to abrasive wear - **Rolls** for rolling mills and conveyors - **Coupling components** in high-torque applications - **Bearing races** for special applications ### **Special Applications:** - **Agricultural tillage tools** and cultivator points - **Earth-moving equipment** teeth and adapters - **Railway track components** - **Mining drill bits** and stabilizers - **Knives** for industrial cutting applications ### **Typical Hardness Requirements by Application:** | Application | Hardness Range | Heat Treatment | Section Size Limit | |-------------|----------------|----------------|-------------------| | Wear Parts | 55-60 HRC | Q&T @ 150-250°C | Up to 50mm | | Cutting Tools | 58-62 HRC | Q&T @ 150-200°C | Up to 30mm | | Gears | 45-55 HRC | Q&T @ 300-450°C | Up to 75mm | | Shafts | 40-50 HRC | Q&T @ 400-500°C | Up to 100mm | | Dies | 52-58 HRC | Q&T @ 200-350°C | Up to 60mm | --- ## **5. International Standards & Equivalent Grades** ### **Primary Standards:** | Standard | Designation | Specification Document | |----------|-------------|------------------------| | **SAE/AISI** | **5155** | SAE J404, J412 | | **UNS** | **G51550** | Unified Numbering System | | **ASTM** | - | A322 (Standard for Alloy Steel Bars) | ### **Global Equivalent Grades:** | Country/Region | Standard | Equivalent Grade | Notes | |----------------|----------|-----------------|-------| | **International (ISO)** | ISO 683-11 | **55Cr3** | Type 1.7176 | | **Europe (EN)** | EN 10083-3 | **55Cr3** | Designation 1.7176 | | **Germany** | DIN 17200 | **55Cr3** | Direct equivalent | | **Japan** | JIS G4105 | **SUP10** | Spring steel equivalent | | **China** | GB/T 1222 | **55CrSi** | Similar composition | | **France** | NF A35-552 | **55C3** | French standard | | **United Kingdom** | BS 970 | **525A60** | British specification | ### **H-Grade Variant:** - **AISI 5155H:** Available with guaranteed hardenability bands per SAE J1268 ### **Related Processing Standards:** - **Heat Treatment:** AMS 2759, ASTM A29 - **Forging:** ASTM A788 - **Bars:** ASTM A322, A304 - **Cleanliness:** ASTM E45, AMS 2301 (for special qualities) --- ## **6. Manufacturing & Processing Characteristics** ### **Hot Working Parameters:** - **Forging Temperature:** 1150-850°C (2100-1560°F) - **Hot Rolling:** 1100-900°C (2010-1650°F) - **Finish Forging Temperature:** ≥850°C (1560°F) - **Post-hot work cooling:** Very slow cool (furnace or insulated) to prevent cracking ### **Heat Treatment Guidelines:** **1. Annealing (for Machining):** - **Full Anneal:** 790-820°C, furnace cool to 600°C at ≤20°C/hour, then air cool - **Spheroidize Anneal:** 740-760°C, hold 8-12 hours, furnace cool to 650°C at ≤10°C/hour - **Resulting Hardness:** 201-229 HB **2. Normalizing:** - **Temperature:** 860-890°C - **Soak Time:** 30-45 minutes per inch of thickness - **Cooling:** Still air - **Purpose:** Grain refinement and carbide distribution **3. Hardening:** - **Austenitizing:** 820-840°C (1510-1545°F) - **Soak Time:** 20-30 minutes per inch of thickness - **Pre-heat:** 650-700°C essential for sections >50mm - **Quenching Medium:** Oil (ISO VG 68-150), moderate to strong agitation - **Martempering Option:** Quench into hot oil at 150-200°C for complex shapes **4. Tempering:** - **Begin Tempering:** When parts reach 50-100°C after quenching - **Temperature Range:** 150-550°C based on required hardness - **Time:** Minimum 1.5-2 hours per inch of thickness - **Cooling:** Air cool; rapid cooling through 350-525°C range strongly recommended ### **Machinability:** - **Optimal Condition:** Annealed (spheroidized, 201-229 HB) - **Cutting Speed:** 25-40 m/min with carbide tools - **Feed Rate:** 0.08-0.15 mm/rev for finishing, 0.20-0.35 mm/rev for roughing - **Tool Material:** Carbide grades C2-C5 or premium cobalt HSS - **Tool Geometry:** Positive rake (5-7°), sharp cutting edges, chip breakers essential - **Coolant:** Emulsion or neat oil essential for tool life ### **Weldability:** - **Rating:** Very poor (generally not recommended) - **If welding necessary:** Pre-heat 300-350°C minimum - **Interpass Temperature:** 300-350°C - **Post-weld Heat Treatment:** Complete re-austenitize, quench, and temper required - **Welding Processes:** SMAW with low-hydrogen electrodes (E11018-D2) - **Critical Restriction:** High risk of cracking; limited to emergency repairs only --- ## **7. Quality Control & Inspection** ### **Standard Testing Requirements:** - **Chemical Analysis:** ASTM A751 (spectrochemical or wet methods) - **Hardness Testing:** ASTM E10 (Brinell), E18 (Rockwell) - **Tensile Testing:** ASTM E8/E8M - **Impact Testing:** ASTM E23 (Charpy V-notch) if specified - **Microstructural Examination:** ASTM E112 (grain size), E45 (inclusions) ### **Typical Quality Parameters:** - **Grain Size:** ASTM 5-7 (fine to medium) - **Decarburization:** ≤0.50 mm total per side (as-supplied) - **Surface Quality:** Free from seams, laps, cracks, and excessive scale - **Straightness:** Per commercial standards or customer specifications - **Ultrasonic Testing:** Recommended for critical applications ### **Special Quality Grades:** - **Aircraft Quality:** Per AMS specifications with enhanced cleanliness - **Tool Steel Quality:** For demanding tooling applications - **Vacuum Degassed:** For improved cleanliness and reduced gas content - **Electroslag Remelted (ESR):** For ultra-high purity (special applications) --- ## **8. Technical Performance Characteristics** ### **Fatigue Properties:** - **Rotating Bending Fatigue Limit:** 580-660 MPa (84-96 ksi) at 45 HRC - **Fatigue Ratio (σe/UTS):** 0.40-0.45 - **Notch Sensitivity Index (q):** 0.88-0.93 - **Surface Finish Effect:** Critical; polished surfaces improve fatigue limit by 30-40% - **Shot Peening Benefit:** Increases fatigue strength by 35-55% ### **Wear Resistance:** - **Abrasive Wear Resistance:** Excellent at hardness >50 HRC - **Adhesive Wear (scuffing resistance):** Good with proper lubrication - **Contact Fatigue (pitting resistance):** Very good for high-load gear applications - **Break-in Characteristics:** Require proper surface finish (0.4-1.6 μm Ra) and lubrication ### **Fracture Toughness & Impact Properties:** - **Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Temperature:** 20°C to 0°C (depending on heat treatment) - **Fracture Toughness (K₁C):** 40-55 MPa√m at 45 HRC - **Impact Energy:** Highly dependent on tempering temperature - **Temper Embrittlement Susceptibility:** High; must avoid slow cooling through 350-525°C range ### **Temperature Effects:** - **Maximum Continuous Service:** 250°C (480°F) - **Short-term Exposure:** Up to 350°C (660°F) acceptable - **Temper Resistance:** Fair up to 300°C (570°F) - **Cryogenic Service:** Not recommended below 0°C (32°F) - **Thermal Fatigue Resistance:** Poor (limited by high carbon content) --- ## **9. Design & Application Considerations** ### **Optimal Application Parameters:** - **Section Size Range:** 30-90 mm diameter for through-hardening - **Stress Concentration:** Very generous fillets (R ≥ 1.0 × section change) - **Surface Finish Requirements:** 0.4-1.6 μm Ra for optimal performance - **Dimensional Tolerance:** IT9-IT11 achievable with post-heat treatment grinding ### **Advantages of AISI 5155:** ✅ **Maximum hardness potential** for chromium alloy steels ✅ **Excellent wear resistance** when properly heat treated ✅ **Good through-hardening capability** for medium sections ✅ **Superior strength** (up to 2100 MPa tensile achievable) ✅ **Good dimensional stability** during heat treatment with proper controls ### **Limitations & Considerations:** ⚠️ **Limited toughness** at high hardness levels (>50 HRC) ⚠️ **Very poor weldability** - generally not recommended ⚠️ **Poor corrosion resistance** (requires protective coatings) ⚠️ **Machinability fair to poor**, requires proper tooling and conditions ⚠️ **High temper embrittlement susceptibility** ⚠️ **Not suitable** for impact-loaded applications at high hardness ⚠️ **Size limitations** for uniform hardening (>100mm typically not recommended) ### **Comparison with Similar Grades:** | Property | 5155 | 5160 | 52100 | 1095 | 4140 | |----------|------|------|-------|------|------| | **Carbon Range** | 0.53-0.58 | 0.56-0.64 | 0.98-1.10 | 0.90-1.03 | 0.38-0.43 | | **Chromium Content** | 0.70-0.90 | 0.70-0.90 | 1.30-1.60 | - | 0.80-1.10 | | **Typical Hardness** | 45-60 HRC | 45-60 HRC | 58-65 HRC | 55-62 HRC | 38-48 HRC | | **Hardenability** | Excellent | Excellent | Excellent | Fair | Very Good | | **Toughness** | Fair | Fair | Poor | Poor | Good | | **Primary Use** | Wear parts, tools | Springs, tools | Bearings, tools | Cutting tools | General purpose | | **Relative Cost** | 1.10 | 1.12 | 1.20 | 0.90 | 1.05 | --- ## **10. Special Processing Options** ### **Surface Hardening Methods:** 1. **Induction Hardening:** - **Surface Hardness:** 60-64 HRC - **Case Depth:** 1.5-6.0 mm (adjustable) - **Applications:** Selective hardening of wear surfaces 2. **Flame Hardening:** - **For:** Large or irregularly shaped components - **Control:** Critical to prevent overheating and cracking 3. **Nitriding:** - **Surface Hardness:** 65-72 HRC (converted) - **Case Depth:** 0.2-0.6 mm - **Benefits:** Excellent wear and fatigue resistance with minimal distortion - **Note:** Requires prior heat treatment to desired core properties ### **Thermomechanical Processing:** - **Controlled Rolling:** For improved toughness in specific orientations - **Ausforming:** For ultra-high strength (requires specialized equipment) - **Intercritical Heat Treatment:** Limited application due to high carbon content - **Austempering:** For improved toughness at given hardness level (limited range) ### **Finishing Operations:** - **Grinding:** Essential after heat treatment for precision dimensions - **Honing:** For improved surface characteristics and dimensional accuracy - **Shot Peening:** Highly recommended for compressive surface stresses - **Superfinishing:** For optimal surface texture (0.1-0.4 μm Ra) - **Coating/Plating:** For corrosion protection (hard chrome, electroless nickel, DLC) --- ## **11. Environmental & Economic Considerations** ### **Material Safety & Handling:** - **General Safety:** Standard steel handling procedures apply - **Machining:** Use appropriate ventilation and dust collection systems - **Heat Treatment:** Standard furnace safety and quench oil fire prevention essential - **Disposal:** Recyclable as ferrous scrap; no hazardous constituents ### **Environmental Compliance:** - **REACH Compliance:** Fully compliant (no SVHC substances in base material) - **RoHS Compliance:** Does not contain restricted hazardous substances - **Recyclability:** 100% recyclable as ferrous scrap with high recovery value - **Carbon Footprint:** Typical for alloy steel production ### **Economic Factors:** - **Material Cost:** Moderate to high (higher than lower carbon grades) - **Processing Cost:** Higher due to specialized heat treatment requirements - **Tooling Cost:** Higher than for more machinable steels - **Life Cycle Cost:** Favorable for wear components with long service life - **Availability:** Readily available from major steel producers ### **Sustainability Considerations:** - Long service life reduces replacement frequency and resource consumption - Energy efficient compared to some specialty tool steels for similar applications - Compatible with modern, efficient manufacturing processes - Fully recyclable at end of service life - Can be produced with significant recycled steel content --- **Technical Note:** AISI 5155 represents the highest standard carbon content in the 51xx chromium steel series, providing maximum hardness potential while maintaining some alloy steel characteristics. Its 0.55% carbon content approaches the practical limit for chromium alloy steels before transitioning into tool steel territory. This grade is particularly suitable for applications where maximum wear resistance is the primary concern and where the high carbon content's impact on toughness can be managed through proper design, heat treatment, and application engineering. **Revision:** 1.1 **Date:** October 2023 **Disclaimer:** This technical data is for informational purposes. Actual properties depend on specific processing history, heat treatment parameters, section size, and manufacturing variables. Always consult with material suppliers and conduct application-specific testing for critical components. Properties may vary between manufacturers, heat lots, and processing conditions. The information presented represents typical values and ranges; specific applications may require modification of parameters or selection of alternative materials. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5155 Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4127 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5155 Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 5155 Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 5155 Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 5155 Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 598 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition