ASTM A131 Steel Flange, grade DH32

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A131 Steel Flange, grade DH32 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A131 Steel Flange, grade DH32 Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

ASTM A131 Steel, grade DH32 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Technical Data Sheet: ASTM A131/A131M Structural Steel for Ships, Grade DH32** --- #### **1. Product Overview** ASTM A131 Grade DH32 is a **high-strength, low-temperature service** steel plate specifically designed for shipbuilding applications requiring enhanced mechanical properties and improved toughness. The "D" indicates its impact testing temperature category, while "H32" signifies high strength with a specified minimum yield strength of 315 MPa (32 kgf/mm²). This grade is produced with fine grain practice and is suitable for critical structural components in large vessels and offshore structures. --- #### **2. International Standards & Equivalents** | Standard Organization | Designation | |-----------------------|-------------| | **ASTM International** | **A131/A131M Grade DH32** | | **ABS (American Bureau of Shipping)** | **Grade DH32** | | **Lloyd's Register** | **Grade DH32** | | **DNV** | **Grade DH32** | | **European Norm (EN)** | **EH32** (EN 10025) | | **Chinese GB** | **DH32** (GB 712) | | **Japanese (JIS)** | **KA32** | --- #### **3. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Composition (%) | |---------|-----------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.18 max | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.90-1.60 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.025 max | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.025 max | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.10-0.50 | | **Aluminum (Al)** | 0.015 min (for fine grain practice) | | **Niobium (Nb)** | 0.02-0.05 | | **Vanadium (V)** | 0.05-0.10 | | **Titanium (Ti)** | 0.02 max | | **Copper (Cu)** | 0.35 max | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | **Key Composition Features:** - **Microalloying Elements**: Nb, V, or Ti additions for grain refinement and precipitation strengthening - **Carbon Equivalent (Ceq)**: Typically ≤ 0.40% for good weldability - **Fine Grain Practice**: Achieved through Al treatment and controlled rolling - **Enhanced Manganese Content**: Provides solid solution strengthening --- #### **4. Mechanical Properties** **Tensile Properties:** - **Tensile Strength**: 470-590 MPa (68-86 ksi) - **Yield Strength**: 315 MPa (46 ksi) min - **Elongation in 50 mm (2 in)**: 22% min - **Yield to Tensile Ratio**: 0.67-0.80 typical **Impact Properties:** - **Charpy V-Notch Test Temperature**: **-20°C (-4°F)** - **Minimum Impact Energy**: **34 J (25 ft-lbf)** - **Test Direction**: Longitudinal and transverse as specified --- #### **5. Physical Properties** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Density** | 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200 GPa (29,000 ksi) | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.29 | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 48.0 W/m·K at 20°C | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 12.0 × 10⁻⁶ /K (20-100°C) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 450 J/kg·K | --- #### **6. Product Applications** **Primary Marine Applications:** - Large container ship hull structures - Bulk carrier side shells and decks - Oil tanker bottom plating and longitudinal - Offshore platform module support structures - LNG carrier secondary barrier systems **Specific Component Usage:** - Main deck plating in way of openings - Bottom plating in slamming areas - Longitudinal bulkheads in cargo holds - Transverse frames and web frames - Hatch coamings and strengthening members --- #### **7. Fabrication Characteristics** **Welding Performance:** - Good weldability with proper procedures - Recommended processes: FCAW, SAW, GMAW - **Pre-heat Requirements**: 50-125°C depending on thickness - **Carbon Equivalent (Ceq)**: 0.36-0.40% typical - **Filler Metal Selection**: AWS E81T1-K2, E91T1-K3 or equivalent **Forming Operations:** - Good cold forming characteristics - Suitable for bending and rolling operations - Minimum bending radii per classification society rules - Excellent flame cutting performance **Heat Treatment:** - Typically supplied in as-rolled or controlled rolled condition - Normalizing available when specified - TMCP (Thermo-Mechanical Controlled Process) commonly used --- #### **8. Quality Assurance & Testing** **Mandatory Tests:** - Chemical analysis (ladle and product analysis) - Tension test from each plate - **Charpy V-notch impact test at -20°C** - Bend test when specified - Fine austenitic grain size verification **Additional Tests:** - Ultrasonic examination per ASTM A578 - Through-thickness testing (Z-quality) when specified - Hardness testing for welding procedure qualification --- #### **9. Corrosion Performance** - **Marine Atmosphere**: Good resistance with proper coating systems - **Seawater Corrosion**: Requires cathodic protection - **Corrosion Rate**: ~0.1-0.2 mm/year in splash zone - **Recommended Protection**: Epoxy coatings + sacrificial anodes --- #### **10. Available Product Forms** - Plates: 6 mm to 150 mm thickness - Standard widths: 1500-4500 mm - Standard lengths: 6000-18000 mm - Special dimensions available per mill capability --- **Technical Notes:** - Grade DH32 provides 34% higher yield strength than conventional Grade A steel - Suitable for service temperatures down to -20°C (-4°F) - Requires certified welding procedures matching the strength level - TMCP processing provides excellent combination of strength and toughness - Must comply with classification society rules for high-strength steel applications *This information is for reference purposes. For complete requirements and current specifications, consult the latest ASTM A131/A131M standard and applicable classification society rules. Always verify mechanical properties with current certified mill test reports before fabrication.* -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A131 Steel, grade DH32 Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4224 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A131 Steel, grade DH32 Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of ASTM A131 Steel Flange, grade DH32 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers ASTM A131 Steel Flange, grade DH32 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of ASTM A131 Steel Flange, grade DH32 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 695 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition