AISI 1045 Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1045 Steel Flange, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1045 Steel Flange, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1045 Steel, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Technical Data Sheet: AISI 1045 Steel - Cold Drawn Round Bar (19-32 mm / 0.75-1.25 in)** --- #### **1. Product Overview** AISI 1045 Cold Drawn Round Bar is a precision-engineered medium-carbon steel product manufactured through a cold drawing process that significantly enhances mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy, and surface quality. With its balanced carbon content at the mid-point of the 10xx series, this grade offers excellent strength, good wear resistance, and favorable hardenability. The cold working process induces strain hardening, providing superior yield strength and a smooth, scale-free surface ideal for precision applications requiring reliable performance and dimensional consistency. --- #### **2. Key Characteristics & Advantages** - **Enhanced Mechanical Performance**: Cold working increases yield strength by 40-60% compared to hot-rolled equivalents - **Superior Dimensional Control**: Maintains tight diameter tolerances (±0.075 mm / ±0.003 in typical) - **Excellent Surface Quality**: Produces smooth, bright surface (1.6-3.2 µm Ra / 63-125 µin Ra) suitable for bearing applications - **Good Hardenability**: Responds well to heat treatment for additional strength enhancement - **Cost-Effective Strength**: Offers high strength without alloying element costs - **Predictable Machining**: Consistent material characteristics for reliable manufacturing - **Improved Straightness**: Essential for rotating components and precision assemblies --- #### **3. Chemical Composition** | Element | Composition Range (%) | Standard Reference | |---------|----------------------|-------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.43 - 0.50 | ASTM A108 / SAE J403 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.60 - 0.90 | ASTM A108 / SAE J403 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.040 | ASTM A108 / SAE J403 | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050 | ASTM A108 / SAE J403 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | ASTM A108 / SAE J403 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | - | *Note: Some specifications may allow manganese up to 1.00% for improved hardenability.* --- #### **4. Typical Mechanical Properties (Cold Drawn Condition)** | Property | Value Range | Test Standard | |----------|-------------|---------------| | **Tensile Strength** | 690 - 830 MPa (100 - 120 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | **Yield Strength (0.2% offset)** | 585 - 725 MPa (85 - 105 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | **Elongation in 50 mm (2")** | 12% - 16% | ASTM A370 | | **Reduction of Area** | 35% - 45% | ASTM A370 | | **Brinell Hardness** | 207 - 269 HB | ASTM E10 | | **Surface Roughness (Ra)** | 1.6 - 3.2 µm (63 - 125 µin) | ASME B46.1 | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200 GPa (29,000 ksi) | ASTM E111 | | **Shear Modulus** | 80 GPa (11,600 ksi) | ASTM E143 | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.29 | ASTM E132 | | **Density** | 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | - | | **Machinability Rating** | ~40% (relative to 1212 steel) | - | --- #### **5. Physical & Thermal Properties** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Thermal Conductivity** | 48.6 W/m·K (33.7 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 486 J/kg·K (0.116 BTU/lb·°F) | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 11.3 µm/m·°C (6.3 µin/in·°F) 20-100°C | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.220 µΩ·m | | **Magnetic Properties** | Ferromagnetic | | **Melting Point** | 1460 - 1510°C (2660 - 2750°F) | --- #### **6. International Standard Equivalents** | Standard System | Designation | Primary Specification | |----------------|-------------|----------------------| | **UNS** | G10450 | Unified Numbering System | | **SAE/AISI** | 1045 | SAE J403 | | **ASTM** | Grade 1045 | ASTM A108 (Cold-Finished) | | **EN (Europe)** | 1.1193 (C45E) | EN 10083-2 | | **ISO** | C45E | ISO 683-18 | | **JIS (Japan)** | S45C | JIS G4051 | | **GB (China)** | 45# (45钢) | GB/T 699 | | **DIN (Germany)** | 1.1193, Ck45 | DIN 17200 | --- #### **7. Heat Treatment Response** AISI 1045 exhibits excellent response to heat treatment due to its balanced carbon content: **Recommended Parameters:** - **Annealing**: 790-815°C (1450-1500°F), slow cool (furnace cool preferred) - **Normalizing**: 870-925°C (1600-1700°F), air cool - **Quenching**: 830-855°C (1525-1575°F), oil quench recommended - **Tempering**: 425-650°C (800-1200°F) depending on required properties **Hardenability Data (Typical):** - Maximum as-quenched hardness: 60-65 HRC - Effective hardening depth: Good for sections up to 50 mm (2 in) - Typical tempered hardness range: 30-45 HRC - Jominy distance to 50 HRC: 10-15 mm --- #### **8. Primary Applications** Cold drawn AISI 1045 rounds are specified for high-strength precision components: **Automotive Components:** - High-stress axle shafts and drive shafts - Transmission gears and shafts - Crankshafts and connecting rods - Steering knuckles and components - Suspension system parts **Industrial Machinery:** - Heavy-duty shafts and spindles - Gear blanks for power transmission - Hydraulic cylinder rods and pistons - Pump shafts and impellers - Machine tool components **Construction & Mining:** - Drill rods and mining tools - Excavator pins and bushings - High-strength fasteners and bolts - Wear-resistant components - Heavy equipment shafts **Agricultural Equipment:** - Heavy-duty PTO shafts - Implement drive shafts - Tractor transmission parts - Cultivator and harrow components **General Manufacturing:** - High-strength pins and dowels - Tool holders and fixtures - Bearing races and sleeves - Valve stems and actuator rods - Wear plates and guides --- #### **9. Fabrication & Processing** **Machining Operations:** - Requires rigid machine setups and proper tooling - Recommended cutting speeds: 25-35 m/min (80-115 ft/min) - Carbide tools with positive rake angles essential - Cutting fluids mandatory for optimal tool life - Stress relieving recommended after heavy machining **Welding Considerations:** - Pre-heating (200-315°C/400-600°F) mandatory - Low-hydrogen electrodes (E8018, E9018) required - Post-weld heat treatment (595-650°C/1100-1200°F) essential - Not recommended for highly stressed welded structures **Forming & Bending:** - Limited cold forming capability - Minimum bend radius: 3.5-4 times material thickness - Hot forming recommended for all but simple bends - Stress relieving advised after any forming operation --- #### **10. Quality Assurance** - Certified mill test reports including full chemical analysis - Mechanical property certification to ASTM A108 requirements - Dimensional inspection per ASTM A108 Table A1.1 - Surface finish verification to specified Ra values - Straightness tolerance: ≤0.25 mm per 300 mm (≤0.010 in per foot) - Optional NDT testing available (ultrasonic, magnetic particle, dye penetrant) - Hardenability testing available upon request - Standard lengths: 3-6 meters (10-20 feet) --- #### **11. Storage & Handling** - Store in dry, controlled environments to prevent corrosion - Protect bright surfaces from physical damage and contamination - Use proper lifting equipment and spreader bars - Stack on flat, level supports with adequate spacing - Implement FIFO (first in, first out) inventory management - Regular inspection for surface corrosion during storage --- **Critical Application Notes:** 1. **Anisotropic Properties**: Cold drawn bars exhibit significant directional mechanical properties 2. **Stress Concentration**: Design must minimize sharp transitions and notches 3. **Heat Treatment Planning**: Final heat treatment requirements must be considered during design 4. **Weldability Limitations**: Consider alternative joining methods for critical applications 5. **Quality Verification**: Comprehensive testing recommended for safety-critical components 6. **Section Size Effects**: Property gradients exist from surface to center in larger diameters 7. **Fatigue Considerations**: Proper surface finish and stress relief critical for cyclic loading --- #### **12. Comparison with Similar Grades** | Grade | Carbon Range | Typical Yield Strength (CD) | Key Advantage | |-------|-------------|----------------------------|---------------| | **AISI 1040** | 0.37-0.44% | 550-690 MPa | Better machinability | | **AISI 1042** | 0.40-0.47% | 550-690 MPa | Balanced properties | | **AISI 1043** | 0.40-0.47% | 550-690 MPa | Better hardenability | | **AISI 1045** | 0.43-0.50% | 585-725 MPa | Higher strength | | **AISI 1050** | 0.48-0.55% | 620-760 MPa | Maximum strength | --- **Disclaimer**: This technical specification provides general information about AISI 1045 cold drawn steel bars. Actual properties may vary based on manufacturer, drawing parameters, heat treatment, and specific processing history. For engineering design purposes, consult official material specifications (ASTM A108) and conduct appropriate validation testing. Professional engineering judgment should always be applied for safety-critical applications. The higher carbon content requires special consideration in fabrication, heat treatment, and application design. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1045 Steel, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4810 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1045 Steel, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1045 Steel Flange, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1045 Steel Flange, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1045 Steel Flange, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1281 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition