1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
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AISI 1144 Steel Flange, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information
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AISI 1144 Steel Flange, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Synonyms
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AISI 1144 Steel, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information
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### **Product Introduction: AISI 1144 Steel, Cold-Drawn Round Bar (19-32 mm / 0.75-1.25 in)**
**Overview**
AISI 1144 is a high-strength, medium-carbon "stress-proof" free-machining steel. This specific product is supplied as a **cold-drawn round bar** in the diameter range of **19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in)**. The cold-drawing process involves pulling the hot-rolled bar through a die at room temperature, which significantly improves dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and mechanical properties. This results in a premium-grade material that offers superior machinability, exceptional yield strength, and excellent wear resistance in a ready-to-use condition, often eliminating the need for further heat treatment.
**Key Features & Advantages**
* **Enhanced Strength & Hardness:** The cold-working process (strain hardening) substantially increases tensile and yield strength, as well as surface hardness, compared to the hot-rolled condition.
* **Superior "Stress-Proof" Performance:** Delivers very high yield strength (typically exceeding 100 ksi / 690 MPa), providing outstanding resistance to deformation under load and excellent dimensional stability for precision components.
* **Excellent Machinability:** Despite its high strength, the engineered sulfur and phosphorus content ensures good chip-breaking characteristics, leading to good surface finishes and extended tool life during machining.
* **Precise Dimensions & Superior Finish:** Cold drawing produces tight diameter tolerances, improved straightness, and a smooth, bright surface finish, reducing the need for secondary finishing operations.
* **Ready-to-Use Condition:** Provides an optimal balance of properties directly from the supplier, minimizing additional processing costs and lead times for manufacturers.
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**1. Chemical Composition (Standard Conformance)**
The fundamental chemistry of AISI 1144, optimized for free-machining and strength, remains unchanged from the hot-rolled form.
| Element | Standard Range (%) | Key Function |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Carbon (C)** | 0.40 – 0.48 | Provides high core strength, hardness, and wear resistance. |
| **Manganese (Mn)** | 1.35 – 1.65 | Enhances hardenability and strength, and combines with sulfur. |
| **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.04 – 0.09 | Strengthens the ferrite matrix, boosting yield strength and improving machinability. |
| **Sulfur (S)** | 0.24 – 0.33 | Primary free-machining additive; forms abundant manganese sulfide (MnS) inclusions for effective chip breaking. |
| **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 – 0.35 | Acts as a deoxidizer and strengthens ferrite. |
| **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base element. |
**Key International Standard Equivalents:**
* **UNS:** G11440
* **ASTM:** A108 (Standard Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished)
* **SAE:** J403, J412 (SAE 1144)
* **DIN (Germany):** 44S20 (Similar, but P/S levels may differ)
* **EN (Europe):** (No direct equivalent; 44S20 is similar)
* **Common Brand Names:** "Stressproof"® (LaSalle Steel), 1144 CD.
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**2. Typical Physical & Mechanical Properties (Cold-Drawn Condition)**
*Note: Properties are typical for cold-drawn rounds in the specified diameter range and reflect the significant effects of strain hardening.*
| Property | Typical Value / Description |
| :--- | :--- |
| **Density** | 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) |
| **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200 - 210 GPa (29,000 – 30,500 ksi) |
| **Machinability (Comparison)** | ~75-80% (Based on 100% for AISI 1212) – **Good**, considering its high strength. |
| **Tensile Strength** | 760 – 895 MPa (110 – 130 ksi) |
| **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | **690 – 825 MPa (100 – 120 ksi)** – **A key defining characteristic.** |
| **Elongation (in 50mm)** | 10% – 15% |
| **Reduction of Area** | 30% – 45% |
| **Brinell Hardness (HB)** | 229 – 285 |
| **Surface Finish (Ra)** | 3.2 μm (125 μin) or better, typically smooth and bright. |
| **Tolerances** | Meets ASTM A108 cold-drawn tolerances, which are significantly tighter than hot-rolled standards. |
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**3. Product Applications**
AISI 1144 cold-drawn rounds are the material of choice for high-performance, precision-machined components that require inherent strength, stability, and a fine surface finish without post-draw heat treatment.
* **Precision Shafting:** Lead screws, drive shafts, axle shafts, spindles, and piston rods where high strength, straightness, and smooth finish are critical.
* **High-Stress Fasteners:** Bolts, studs, pins, and dowels subject to significant tensile and shear loads.
* **Automotive & Aerospace Components:** Landing gear parts, steering system components, valve bodies, and other high-integrity parts.
* **Hydraulic & Pneumatic Components:** Cylinder rods, plungers, and valve spools requiring wear resistance and a good surface seal.
* **Tooling & Machinery Parts:** Shafts for gears and couplings, ejector pins, drill bushings, and fixture components that demand dimensional stability under load.
* **General High-Strength Parts:** Any component where the combination of "ready-to-machine" high strength, good finish, and tight tolerances reduces total manufacturing cost.
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**4. Important Considerations**
* **Anisotropic Properties:** Mechanical properties may exhibit slight directionality (anisotropy) due to the cold-drawing process, being marginally higher in the longitudinal direction.
* **Residual Stress:** The cold-working process introduces residual surface stresses, which generally contribute to good fatigue resistance but may cause distortion if material is asymmetrically removed during heavy machining. Stress-relieving is recommended for complex, unbalanced machining.
* **Not for Welding:** The high sulfur and phosphorus content makes AISI 1144 **generally unsuitable for fusion welding**, as it is highly prone to hot cracking and severe weld embrittlement.
* **Comparison to Hot-Rolled:** Offers higher strength, better finish, and tighter tolerances but with slightly reduced ductility and machinability rating.
* **Further Processing:** Can be annealed to soften for severe forming operations, or heat-treated (quenched & tempered) for applications requiring even higher strength levels.
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AISI 1144 Steel, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4985 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
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AISI 1144 Steel, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Properties
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Applications of AISI 1144 Steel Flange, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round
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Chemical Identifiers AISI 1144 Steel Flange, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round
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Packing of AISI 1144 Steel Flange, cold drawn, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round
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Standard Packing:
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Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1456 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
