M50-NiL High Performance Carburizing Bearing and Gear Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: M50-NiL High Performance Carburizing Bearing and Gear Steel Flange Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: M50-NiL High Performance Carburizing Bearing and Gear Steel Flange Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

M50-NiL High Performance Carburizing Bearing and Gear Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Datasheet: M50-NiL High Performance Carburizing Bearing and Gear Steel** --- #### **1. Material Overview** **M50-NiL** is an **advanced, secondary-hardening, carburizing bearing steel** representing a significant evolution from the standard **M50 tool steel (AISI M50)**. The "NiL" designation indicates **Nickel-alloyed** and **Low-carbon** core composition. This proprietary grade, originally developed by NASA and now a premier aerospace material, is engineered to overcome the limitations of through-hardening bearing steels by providing an **exceptionally hard, wear-resistant surface case** over a **remarkably tough, fracture-resistant core**. It uniquely combines the **high-temperature hardness retention of M50 with the damage tolerance of a carburized steel**, making it the material of choice for ultra-high-performance, safety-critical applications in extreme environments. #### **2. Key Material Concept: The Hybrid Carburizing Approach** M50-NiL solves a critical engineering dilemma: achieving both maximum surface hardness for wear/pitting resistance and maximum core toughness for damage tolerance. - **Surface (Case):** The carburized case (~1.0% C) transforms into a microstructure rich in fine **M₂C and MC-type carbides** (primarily vanadium and molybdenum carbides) upon quenching and tempering. This provides **exceptional hardness (64-66 HRC), high-temperature strength, and rolling contact fatigue resistance** superior to conventional carburizing steels. - **Core:** The low-carbon (~0.15% C), nickel-alloyed (~3.0% Ni) core is designed for **maximum fracture toughness and crack arrest capability**. After heat treatment, the core achieves a very high toughness level (significantly higher than 9310 or CBS-600) while maintaining sufficient strength (~1000-1200 MPa UTS) to support the hard case. - **Secondary Hardening:** Like its parent M50, it exhibits **secondary hardening** during high-temperature tempering (480-560°C), where fine alloy carbides precipitate, allowing it to **retain high hardness at elevated operating temperatures (up to ~320°C / 600°F)** – a key advantage over standard carburizing grades. #### **3. International Standard & Cross-References** M50-NiL is a **proprietary, specification-controlled material**, not a standard AISI/SAE grade. - **Primary Specifications:** Governed by **Aerospace Material Specifications (AMS)**, primarily **AMS 6491E** (Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Bearings, Vacuum Induction Plus Vacuum Consumable Electrode Melted, 4Cr-4.5Mo-1V-3Ni-0.10C (0.08C max) Consumable Electrode Melted, Carburized, Hardened, and Tempered). - **Manufacturing Process:** Requires **Double Vacuum Melting** (Vacuum Induction Melting + Vacuum Arc Remelting - VIM-VAR) to achieve the necessary cleanliness and homogeneity. - **Closest Functional Analogues:** There are no direct equivalents. It sits in a performance class above: - **SAE 9310:** For high-toughness gears. - **CBS-600 / Pyrowear® 675:** For high-performance carburized gears/bearings. - **Through-hardening M50:** For high-temperature bearings but with poor damage tolerance. #### **4. Chemical Composition (% by Weight, per AMS 6491)** | Element | Content Range (%) | Key Role in M50-NiL's Performance | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | **0.10 – 0.15 (Core) / ~1.0 (Case)** | Low core C for toughness; high case C for hardness and carbide formation. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | **0.10 – 0.35** | Low level to minimize residual austenite. | | **Silicon (Si)** | **0.10 – 0.35** | Deoxidizer; kept low. | | **Chromium (Cr)** | **3.75 – 4.25** | Provides hardenability, corrosion resistance, and forms carbides. | | **Nickel (Ni)** | **3.25 – 3.75** | **Core Toughening Agent.** The key to the material's exceptional fracture toughness and crack arrest properties. | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **4.00 – 4.50** | **Critical for Secondary Hardening.** Forms fine Mo₂C carbides during tempering, providing high-temperature strength and hardness. | | **Vanadium (V)** | **0.90 – 1.10** | Forms extremely hard, wear-resistant MC-type carbides (VC) in the case. | | **Sulfur (S)** | **≤ 0.005** | **Ultra-low** for supreme cleanliness and fatigue life. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | **≤ 0.012** | Ultra-low to prevent embrittlement. | #### **5. Typical Physical & Mechanical Properties** **A. Physical Properties:** - **Density:** ~7.85 g/cm³ - **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~200 GPa - **Thermal Conductivity:** Lower than standard steels due to high alloy content. **B. Achieved Properties After Carburizing & Heat Treatment:** - **Surface Case Hardness:** **64 – 66 HRC** (Maintains >60 HRC at 315°C / 600°F). - **Effective Case Depth:** Typically 0.5mm to 1.5mm (0.020" – 0.060"). - **Core Hardness:** **38 – 45 HRC** (After high-temperature tempering). - **Core Tensile Strength:** **1000 – 1250 MPa** (145 – 181 ksi) - **Core Yield Strength:** **800 – 1050 MPa** (116 – 152 ksi) - **Core Fracture Toughness (K1C):** **70 – 110 MPa√m** – **Exceptionally high for a hardened bearing/gear steel.** - **Core Charpy V-Notch Impact:** **40 – 70 J** (30 – 52 ft-lb) – Outstanding. - **Bending Fatigue & Contact Fatigue Life:** **Superior to all conventional carburizing steels.** #### **6. Processing & Heat Treatment Characteristics** - **Carburizing:** Typically performed via **Low-Pressure Carburizing (LPC)** or **Gas Carburizing** under tightly controlled conditions to achieve a steep carbon gradient and avoid grain growth. - **Austenitizing & Quenching:** High-temperature austenitizing (~1100°C / 2010°F) is required to dissolve the strong alloy carbides, followed by **high-pressure gas quenching or oil quenching**. - **Tempering:** **Multiple high-temperature tempers (e.g., 2-3 cycles at 525-550°C / 975-1020°F)** are used to achieve **secondary hardening**, transform retained austenite, develop core toughness, and stabilize dimensions. - **Sub-Zero Treatment:** Standard practice after quenching to maximize case hardness. - **Machinability (Pre-Carburize):** **Poor.** The high alloy content and anticipated hardness make it difficult to machine; requires specialized tooling and processes. - **Weldability:** **Very Poor.** Not recommended. #### **7. Primary Applications** M50-NiL is reserved for the most extreme performance and safety-critical applications: - **Aerospace Main Shaft Bearings:** **Jet engine main shaft bearings** where high DN values, operating temperatures, and catastrophic failure prevention are paramount. - **Advanced Gear Systems:** **Critical aerospace transmission and gearbox gears** (e.g., for tilt-rotor aircraft, advanced helicopters), especially where weight reduction and high power density are required. - **High-Performance Racing:** **Formula 1 and top-tier endurance racing gearbox and differential components**. - **Advanced Turbomachinery:** **Bearings and gears in high-speed auxiliary power units (APUs), gas turbines, and fuel pumps.** - **Critical Defense Systems:** **Bearings in missile systems, high-performance aircraft actuators, and rotorcraft drivetrains.** #### **8. Available Forms & Quality** - **Forms:** Supplied as **double-vacuum melted (VIM-VAR) forged or rolled bar stock, pre-machined rings, or custom forgings** in the soft-annealed condition. - **Quality:** Subject to the **most stringent aerospace quality controls**, including: - 100% macro-etch and ultrasonic inspection. - Stringent inclusion ratings (e.g., ASTM E45, MIL-STD-XXX). - Guaranteed hardenability and detailed microstructural requirements. - **Cost:** **Extremely High.** Justified only by performance requirements that cannot be met by any other material. #### **9. Performance Comparison** | Property | SAE 9310 | **M50-NiL** | Through-Hardened M50 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Case Hardness (HRC)** | 58-62 | **64-66** | 60-64 (entire cross-section) | | **Core Toughness** | Excellent | **Exceptional / Best-in-Class** | Poor | | **High-Temp Hardness Retention** | Poor (softens above 200°C) | **Excellent (to 315°C+)** | Excellent (to 540°C) | | **Fatigue Life** | Very Good | **Superior** | Good (but brittle) | | **Damage Tolerance** | High | **Highest** | Very Low | | **Primary Use** | High-integrity gears. | **Extreme-environment bearings & gears.** | High-temperature bearings. | --- **Disclaimer:** M50-NiL is a **specialized, high-cost, processing-intensive aerospace-grade material**. Its successful application requires **deep metallurgical expertise and highly controlled, validated manufacturing processes** (carburizing, heat treatment, finishing). It is not a substitute for conventional engineering steels and should only be specified when its unique combination of **case hardness, core toughness, and elevated temperature performance** is absolutely required to meet design life and safety goals. All procurement and processing must be done in accordance with the governing specifications (e.g., AMS 6491) with approved suppliers. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: M50-NiL High Performance Carburizing Bearing and Gear Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5201 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: M50-NiL High Performance Carburizing Bearing and Gear Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of M50-NiL High Performance Carburizing Bearing and Gear Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers M50-NiL High Performance Carburizing Bearing and Gear Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of M50-NiL High Performance Carburizing Bearing and Gear Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1672 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition