1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
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Latrobe Dynamax™ ASTM M42, DIN 1.3247 Super High Speed Steel Flange Product Information
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Latrobe Dynamax™ ASTM M42, DIN 1.3247 Super High Speed Steel Flange Synonyms
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Latrobe Dynamax™ ASTM M42, DIN 1.3247 Super High Speed Steel Product Information
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### **Product Datasheet: Latrobe Dynamax™ ASTM M42 / DIN 1.3247 Super High-Speed Steel**
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#### **1. Product Overview**
**Latrobe Dynamax™** represents the pinnacle of conventional high-speed steel technology, meeting **ASTM A600 M42** and **DIN 1.3247** specifications. This ultra-premium **8% cobalt super high-speed steel (Super HSS)** is engineered for extreme performance in the most demanding machining applications. Dynamax™ delivers the **highest achievable red hardness and cutting edge retention** among standard HSS grades, enabling machining of exotic materials at near-carbide speeds while maintaining superior toughness compared to cemented carbides. It is the definitive choice where conventional HSS fails due to thermal softening.
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#### **2. Key Features & Benefits**
* **Ultimate Red Hardness:** The high cobalt (8%) and carbon content provide exceptional resistance to thermal softening, maintaining cutting edge integrity above 600°C.
* **Maximum Hardness Potential:** Capable of achieving 67-70 HRC – the highest hardness range of any commercial HSS grade – for outstanding wear resistance.
* **Superior Hot Wear Resistance:** Exceptional performance in high-speed, high-feed operations on hardened steels, superalloys, and abrasive materials.
* **Excellent Substrate for Coatings:** Its ultra-high base hardness makes it an ideal foundation for advanced PVD coatings, creating a synergistic effect for maximum tool life.
* **Critical Performance Alternative:** Serves as a bridge between conventional HSS and carbide, offering better toughness and grindability than carbide for complex tool geometries.
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#### **3. Chemical Composition (Weight %)**
Dynamax™ is manufactured to the exacting standards of M42 / 1.3247 with the following critical composition:
| Element | ASTM M42 / DIN 1.3247 Range | Typical Dynamax™ Analysis |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Carbon (C)** | 1.05 - 1.15 | 1.10 |
| **Cobalt (Co)** | 7.75 - 8.75 | 8.25 |
| **Molybdenum (Mo)**| 9.00 - 10.00 | 9.50 |
| **Tungsten (W)** | 1.15 - 1.85 | 1.50 |
| **Chromium (Cr)** | 3.50 - 4.25 | 3.85 |
| **Vanadium (V)** | 0.95 - 1.35 | 1.15 |
| **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.15 - 0.40 | 0.25 |
| **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.40 | 0.30 |
| **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.03 | 0.010 |
| **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.03 | 0.020 |
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#### **4. Physical & Mechanical Properties**
**Physical Properties:**
* **Density:** 8.00 g/cm³ (0.289 lb/in³)
* **Melting Range:** ~1410–1440°C (2570–2624°F)
* **Thermal Conductivity:** Higher than standard HSS due to significant cobalt content.
* **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** ~11.8 × 10⁻⁶/K (20–400°C)
**Mechanical Properties (Heat Treated):**
* **Annealed Hardness:** ≤ 285 HB
* **Hardened & Tempered Hardness:** **67 - 70 HRC**
* **Transverse Rupture Strength:** ~3,200 – 3,600 MPa (Lower than lower-cobalt HSS due to high hardness, but exceptional for its hardness level)
* **Key Characteristic:** Extreme secondary hardening response. Achieves peak hardness after multiple high-temperature tempers.
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#### **5. Critical Heat Treatment Guidelines**
**Annealing:** Heat to 870–900°C (1600–1650°F), slow cool very gradually (≤ 15°C/h to 600°C).
**Hardening (Requires Precise Control):**
* **Preheating:** **Double preheat is essential.** First at 600–650°C, then at 850–900°C.
* **Austenitizing:** 1170–1190°C (2140–2175°F). **Narrow range is critical** to avoid grain growth while dissolving sufficient carbides.
* **Quenching:** Oil or salt bath. Air cooling is possible for simple shapes.
* **Tempering:** **Triple tempering is mandatory.** Temper at 540–560°C (1005–1040°F) for 2+ hours each cycle. **Hardness will increase with each temper.** Cryogenic treatment between tempers is highly recommended to maximize transformation and dimensional stability.
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#### **6. Primary Applications**
Dynamax™ is reserved for the most challenging applications:
* **Machining Hardened Steels (45-65 HRC):** Drills, end mills, and boring tools for die & mold work and aerospace components.
* **High-Temperature Alloys:** Tools for machining nickel-based (Inconel, Waspaloy) and cobalt-based superalloys.
* **Abrasive & Work-Hardening Materials:** Tools for austenitic stainless steels, titanium alloys, and cast irons with abrasive scales.
* **High-Speed Production:** Gear hobs and broaches where maximum productivity on tough materials is required.
* **Precision Cutting Tools:** As a substrate for advanced coated tools used in CNC machining centers.
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#### **7. International Standards & Equivalents**
**Primary Standards:**
* **ASTM:** A600 M42
* **DIN / EN:** 1.3247
* **UNS:** T11342
**Cross-Reference Equivalents:**
* **ISO:** HS2-9-1-8
* **JIS:** SKH59
* **AFNOR:** HS2-9-1-8
* **GB:** W2Mo9Cr4VCo8 (近似)
* **Common Name:** "Super Cobalt HSS" or "M42 Cobalt"
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#### **8. Performance Comparison**
* **vs. M2 / M35:** Vastly superior hot hardness and ability to machine harder materials. The definitive upgrade when thermal softening is the failure mode.
* **vs. Other Super HSS (M41, M43):** Dynamax™ (M42) is the most widely recognized and utilized 8% Co grade, offering the best overall balance of properties in its class.
* **vs. Carbide:** Offers superior toughness, impact resistance, and the ability to be ground into more complex geometries. Allows for regrinding.
* **vs. PM-HSS:** While premium PM grades may offer better isotropy, Dynamax™ remains the benchmark for high-performance wrought cobalt HSS.
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#### **9. Available Forms & Processing Notes**
* **Forms:** Precision ground stock, hot1rolled and cold-drawn bars, forgings. Often supplied in the annealed condition.
* **Machining (Annealed State):** Difficult; requires sharp carbide tools with conservative parameters.
* **Grinding:** **Challenging.** Requires friable aluminum oxide wheels (soft grade) or diamond/CBN wheels with low feed rates and **ample coolant** to prevent thermal cracking.
* **Coatings:** The premier HSS substrate for all advanced PVD coatings (TiAlN, AlCrN, TiSiN). Coating adhesion is excellent due to the high base hardness.
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#### **10. Quality Assurance**
* Produced via state-of-the-art melt practice with stringent control over carbide distribution and segregation.
* Full traceability and certification to international standards.
* Ultrasonic testing standard on critical sizes to ensure internal soundness.
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**Disclaimer:**
Success with Dynamax™ is **highly dependent on correct heat treatment.** Improper processing will not yield its legendary properties. The information provided is for guidance. Latrobe strongly recommends technical consultation and process validation for critical applications.
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**LATROBE SPECIALTY METALS**
*A CRS Holdings, Inc. Company*
**Dynamax™: Defining the Limits of High-Speed Steel Performance**
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Latrobe Dynamax™ ASTM M42, DIN 1.3247 Super High Speed Steel Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5340 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
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Latrobe Dynamax™ ASTM M42, DIN 1.3247 Super High Speed Steel Properties
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Applications of Latrobe Dynamax™ ASTM M42, DIN 1.3247 Super High Speed Steel Flange
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Chemical Identifiers Latrobe Dynamax™ ASTM M42, DIN 1.3247 Super High Speed Steel Flange
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Packing of Latrobe Dynamax™ ASTM M42, DIN 1.3247 Super High Speed Steel Flange
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Standard Packing:
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Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1811 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
