AISI Type O7 Tool Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI Type O7 Tool Steel Flange Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI Type O7 Tool Steel Flange Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI Type O7 Tool Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Introduction: AISI Type O7 Tool Steel (UNS T31507)** ## **Overview** **AISI O7 (UNS T31507)** is a **tungsten-rich, oil-hardening cold work tool steel** renowned for its **superior abrasion resistance and edge-holding capability**. Often described as a **"file steel"** or **"shallow-hardening, high-wear" steel**, O7 occupies a unique niche by utilizing a high volume of hard, stable tungsten carbides to achieve exceptional wear resistance, comparable to some air-hardening grades, while maintaining the simpler heat treatment process of an oil-hardening steel. It is the premier choice within the O-series for applications where **maximum wear life is the primary concern**. ## **1. Chemical Composition (Nominal %)** O7's composition is dominated by tungsten and carbon to form abundant, hard carbides. | Element | Content (%) | Primary Function | |---------|------------|------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 1.10 - 1.30 | **High carbon** to combine with tungsten, forming massive tungsten carbide (WC/W₂C) networks for extreme wear resistance. | | **Tungsten (W)** | 1.40 - 2.00 | **Key element.** Forms extremely hard, stable primary tungsten carbides that are the primary source of O7's abrasion resistance. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.30 - 0.60 | Provides basic hardenability and counteracts sulfur. | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 0.30 - 0.60 | Contributes slightly to hardenability and wear resistance. | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.30 (Max) | Deoxidizer. | | **Vanadium (V)** | 0.20 - 0.40 | Refines grain size and forms fine, secondary carbides that enhance toughness and wear. | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.03 | Typically kept low. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.03 | Typically kept low. | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base metal. | **Key Chemistry Note:** O7 is essentially a **simplified, oil-hardening analogue of the high-speed steel T1 (18-4-1)**, but with lower alloy content. The **high carbon and high tungsten** are designed to create a large volume of **undissolved, primary tungsten carbides** during heat treatment. These carbides, which are harder than vanadium carbides, are embedded in a hardened martensitic matrix, creating a highly wear-resistant composite structure. It has a **significantly higher alloy content than O1 or O2**, placing it closer to low-end high-speed steels in wear performance. ## **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties** | Property | Typical Value / Condition | |----------|--------------------------| | **Density** | ~8.1 g/cm³ | | **Melting Point** | ~1420°C (2590°F) | | **Thermal Conductivity** | Relatively low (~30 W/m·K) due to high carbide content. | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | ~11.5 × 10⁻⁶/K | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | ~210 GPa | | **Annealed Hardness** | 207-241 HB | | **As-Quenched Hardness** | ~64-66 HRC | | **Hardened & Tempered Hardness** | **59-63 HRC** (Typically optimized at 60-62 HRC for best wear/toughness balance). Can achieve up to ~64 HRC with low temper. | | **Tempering Temperature** | 150-260°C (300-500°F) for max hardness; 425-540°C (800-1000°F) for toughness. | | **Wear Resistance (Abrasion)** | **Excellent to Outstanding (for an oil-hardening steel).** Superior to all other O-series grades (O1, O2, O6). Comparable to air-hardening grades like A2. | | **Toughness** | **Low to Moderate.** The large, hard carbides act as stress raisers, reducing impact strength. Lower than O1 or A2 at similar hardness. | | **Hardenability** | **Shallow.** Despite its alloy content, it is still primarily an oil-hardening steel with limited depth of hardening (typically < 25mm / 1 inch fully hard). | | **Machinability (Annealed)** | **Poor.** The hard tungsten carbides are abrasive to cutting tools. Rated around 40-50% of O1. | | **Grindability** | **Difficult.** Tungsten carbides are hard and wear down grinding wheels quickly. | | **Dimensional Stability** | **Fair.** More prone to distortion and size change than O1/O2 due to higher alloy content and carbide volume. | ## **3. International Standards & Cross-References** O7 is a well-defined but less common grade. | Standard | Designation | Notes | |----------|------------|-------| | **UNS** | T31507 | | | **AISI/ASTM (USA)** | O7 (ASTM A681) | | | **ISO (International)** | No direct equivalent. Closest is a high-carbon, high-tungsten oil-hardening type. | | | **DIN (Germany)** | **~1.2514** (100V1) - Not a perfect match, but similar high-carbon, carbide-forming philosophy. | | | **BS (UK)** | **BO7** | | | **JIS (Japan)** | No direct equivalent. | | | **GB (China)** | No direct equivalent. | | | **Common Names** | **"File Steel," "Tungsten Oil-Hardening Steel"** | | ## **4. Product Applications** O7 is selected for tools where **extreme wear resistance is paramount** and the simpler, lower-cost oil-hardening process is preferred over air-hardening, or where its specific carbide structure offers an advantage. **Primary Applications:** * **Severe Abrasive Wear Tools:** * **File blades** and **rasps** (a classic application). * **Woodworking tools:** Planer blades, chipper knives, and router bits for processed woods and composites. * **Cutting knives** for abrasive materials: fiber-reinforced rubber, hard plastics, paper, and cardboard. * **Metal Cutting & Forming:** * **Cold drawing dies** and **mandrels** for wire and tube. * **Shear blades** and **slitter knives** for sheet metal, especially stainless steels. * **Burnishing tools** and **broaches** for finishing operations. * **Wear Parts:** * **Guides**, **wear plates**, and **liners** in machinery handling abrasive materials. * **Punches** and **dies** for abrasive non-metallic materials. **Applications to Avoid:** * Tools subject to heavy shock or impact (low toughness). * Very large cross-sections (limited hardenability). * Applications requiring intricate machining (poor machinability). * Tools requiring minimal distortion during heat treatment (fair stability). ## **5. Heat Treatment Guidelines** Heat treatment is critical to develop O7's wear-resistant carbide structure without causing excessive distortion or cracking. * **Forging:** Forge at **1040-1095°C (1900-2000°F)**. Finish above **925°C (1700°F)**. Cool very slowly in lime or furnace. * **Annealing:** Heat to **790-815°C (1450-1500°F)**, hold, furnace cool slowly (≤15°C/hr) to **480°C (900°F)**, then air cool. Annealed hardness: 207-241 HB. * **Hardening:** 1. **Preheat Thoroughly:** **650-700°C (1200-1290°F)** is essential to prevent cracking. 2. **Austenitize:** **790-820°C (1455-1510°F).** Soak for 20-30 min per inch. **Temperature control is critical.** Higher temperatures dissolve more carbides, increasing hardness but also distortion and cracking risk. 3. **Quench:** Quench **immediately in fast, well-agitated oil** at 40-60°C. Cool to hand-warm. * **Tempering:** **Temper immediately.** For wear tools, temper at **150-200°C (300-400°F)** to achieve 62-64 HRC. For a better toughness balance, temper at **425-480°C (800-900°F)** to achieve 58-60 HRC. **Double tempering is strongly recommended.** ## **6. Comparative Position** O7 offers a unique trade-off: * **vs. O1/O2:** Far superior wear resistance, but worse machinability, toughness, and dimensional stability. * **vs. A2 (Air-Hardening):** Similar wear resistance in many applications, but O7 has lower toughness, more distortion, and shallower hardenability. However, O7 can be heat treated with simpler equipment (oil quench vs. air). * **vs. D2 (High-Carbon, High-Chromium):** Lower wear resistance and much lower hardenability than D2, but simpler to heat treat and often less prone to chipping in very hard conditions due to a different carbide type. --- **Disclaimer:** AISI O7 is a specialized, high-wear oil-hardening steel. Its successful use requires accepting its limitations in machinability, toughness, and hardenability to gain its exceptional wear life. Precise heat treatment is crucial. Always consult the supplier's technical data and consider prototyping for critical applications. The high carbide content makes it sensitive to grinding burns; use light passes and sharp wheels. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI Type O7 Tool Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6744 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI Type O7 Tool Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI Type O7 Tool Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI Type O7 Tool Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI Type O7 Tool Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3215 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition