1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
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Bohler-Uddeholm UDDEHOLM VANADIS 4 EXTRA® Powder Metallurgically Produced Tool Steel Flange Product Information
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Bohler-Uddeholm UDDEHOLM VANADIS 4 EXTRA® Powder Metallurgically Produced Tool Steel Flange Synonyms
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Bohler-Uddeholm UDDEHOLM VANADIS 4 EXTRA® Powder Metallurgically Produced Tool Steel Product Information
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## **Böhler-Uddeholm UDDEHOLM VANADIS 4 EXTRA® - Premium Powder Metallurgy Cold Work Tool Steel**
### **Overview**
UDDEHOLM VANADIS 4 EXTRA® is a state-of-the-art **powder metallurgy (PM) tool steel** designed for cold work applications demanding exceptional wear resistance, high compressive strength, and good toughness. Manufactured using advanced PM technology (ASEA-STORA process), it achieves an extremely uniform and fine carbide distribution, eliminating the segregation issues common in conventional steels. This results in superior isotropic properties, excellent dimensional stability during heat treatment, and outstanding polishability. VANADIS 4 EXTRA® represents the optimal balance between wear resistance and toughness in its hardness range, making it ideal for long-run, high-precision tooling.
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### **1. Key Characteristics & Advantages**
* **Exceptional Wear Resistance:** Superior to conventional high-chromium steels like D2 and D6, significantly extending tool life in abrasive applications.
* **Excellent Toughness:** Offers remarkably high toughness for its level of wear resistance, reducing the risk of chipping and catastrophic failure.
* **High Compressive Strength:** Withstands very high pressure and load conditions.
* **Isotropic Properties:** Uniform behavior in all directions due to the homogeneous PM microstructure, ensuring predictable performance and minimal distortion.
* **Superior Grindability & Polishability:** The fine, uniform carbide structure allows for easier grinding and the ability to achieve a superb mirror finish (≤ 1 µm Ra).
* **Good Dimensional Stability:** Minimal size change during hardening and tempering, critical for precision tools.
* **High Hardenability:** Can be fully hardened in large sections.
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### **2. Chemical Composition (Weight %)**
The composition is optimized for a high volume of hard, fine vanadium carbides (VC).
| Element | Carbon (C) | Chromium (Cr) | Molybdenum (Mo) | Vanadium (V) |
| :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
| **Content** | **1.4** | **4.7** | **3.5** | **3.7** |
| **Key Role** | Carbide former, hardness | Hardness, corrosion resistance | Hardenability, secondary hardening | **Primary carbide former (VC) for extreme wear resistance** |
*Note: Also contains small, controlled amounts of silicon (Si) and manganese (Mn).*
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### **3. Physical & Mechanical Properties**
* **Density:** ~7.67 g/cm³
* **Thermal Conductivity:** ~20 W/(m·K) at 20°C
* **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~210 GPa
* **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** ~10.5 x 10⁻⁶/K (20-400°C)
* **Typical Hardening & Tempering Data:**
* **Austenitizing Temperature:** 1020 - 1100°C (1865 - 2010°F)
* **Quenching:** Oil, salt bath, or pressurized gas (air).
* **Tempering:** **Two or three tempering cycles are mandatory.** Recommended range: 500 - 550°C (930 - 1020°F).
* **Achievable Hardness:** **62 - 66 HRC** (Maximum hardness is typically 66-67 HRC after cryogenic treatment).
* **Impact Toughness (Charpy U-notch):** ~30 J at 62 HRC (significantly higher than conventional D2 at similar hardness).
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### **4. Main Applications**
VANADIS 4 EXTRA® is the premium choice for the most demanding cold work applications where tool life is limited by wear or minor chipping.
* **Precision Blanking & Punching:** Progressive dies for electronic components, fine blanking dies, punches for high-strength steel.
* **Forming & Drawing:** Cold forming dies, extrusion punches and dies, wire drawing cones for abrasive materials.
* **Powder Compaction:** Punches and dies for metal powder compaction, especially for hard powders.
* **Cutting & Slitting:** Knives for cutting abrasive materials like plastics, composites, paper, and magnetic strips.
* **High-Wear Components:** Guide pins, wear plates, rolls, and mandrels subjected to severe abrasion.
* **Plastic Molds:** For highly abrasive or corrosive plastics (e.g., filled polymers, PVC) requiring a mirror finish.
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### **5. Relevant International Standards & Comparable Grades**
As a proprietary PM steel, VANADIS 4 EXTRA® does not have a direct, universally standardized equivalent. It is part of Uddeholm's proprietary VANADIS series. The closest comparisons are to other premium PM high-vanadium steels.
| Category | Standard / Supplier | Grade | Similarity / Note |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **PM Tool Steel** | **Uddeholm Proprietary** | **VANADIS 6, VANADIS 10** | Same product family. Vanadis 6 has higher toughness, Vanadis 10 has higher wear resistance. |
| **PM Tool Steel** | **Böhler / Uddeholm** | **K390, ELMAX** | Other PM grades. K390 has even higher wear resistance but lower toughness. ELMAX offers better corrosion resistance. |
| **PM Tool Steel** | **Crucible (CPM)** | **CPM 10V** | Similar concept (very high V), but CPM 10V has higher V (~10%) and C, offering extreme wear resistance with lower toughness. |
| **PM Tool Steel** | **Hitachi Metals** | **HAP10, HAP40** | Japanese PM high-speed steel types, often used in similar applications. |
| **Conventional Steel** | **AISI / ASTM** | **D2, D6** | **Not equivalent.** VANADIS 4 EXTRA offers far superior wear resistance, toughness, and grindability at similar hardness levels. It is a direct upgrade replacement. |
**Important Note:** It is most accurate to refer to it by its proprietary name **VANADIS 4 EXTRA®**. In technical specifications, it is often grouped with **"PM High Vanadium Cold Work Steel."**
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### **6. Supply Form & Processing**
* **Available Forms:** Precision ground flat stock, round bars, blocks, and custom pre-finished blanks.
* **Machining:** Must be machined in the soft-annealed condition (~240 HBW). Use rigid setups and sharp, positive-geometry carbide tools. Its grindability is superior to conventional steels of similar wear resistance.
* **Heat Treatment:** **Requires precise, controlled atmosphere or vacuum heat treatment.** Decarburization must be avoided. **Multiple tempering cycles (2-3 times)** are essential to achieve optimal properties and transform retained austenite. Cryogenic treatment can be applied to maximize hardness and dimensional stability.
* **Surface Treatment:** Excellent candidate for PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) coatings like TiN, TiCN, or AlCrN to further enhance performance.
### **Conclusion**
UDDEHOLM VANADIS 4 EXTRA® is a benchmark material in the world of high-performance cold work tool steels. By leveraging powder metallurgy technology, it successfully breaks the traditional compromise between wear resistance and toughness. For applications where conventional steels like D2 fall short due to wear, chipping, or poor grindability, VANADIS 4 EXTRA® provides a reliable, high-value solution that maximizes productivity through dramatically extended tool life and reduced unplanned downtime.
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Bohler-Uddeholm UDDEHOLM VANADIS 4 EXTRA® Powder Metallurgically Produced Tool Steel Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6873 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
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Bohler-Uddeholm UDDEHOLM VANADIS 4 EXTRA® Powder Metallurgically Produced Tool Steel Properties
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Applications of Bohler-Uddeholm UDDEHOLM VANADIS 4 EXTRA® Powder Metallurgically Produced Tool Steel Flange
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Chemical Identifiers Bohler-Uddeholm UDDEHOLM VANADIS 4 EXTRA® Powder Metallurgically Produced Tool Steel Flange
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Packing of Bohler-Uddeholm UDDEHOLM VANADIS 4 EXTRA® Powder Metallurgically Produced Tool Steel Flange
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Standard Packing:
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Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3344 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
