1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
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Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER K340 ISODUR® Premium Cold Work Steel Flange Product Information
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Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER K340 ISODUR® Premium Cold Work Steel Flange Synonyms
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Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER K340 ISODUR® Premium Cold Work Steel Product Information
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# **Böhler-Uddeholm BÖHLER K340 ISODUR® Premium Cold Work Steel**
## **1. Product Overview**
**BÖHLER K340 ISODUR®** is a high-performance, **air-hardening cold work tool steel** renowned for its exceptional combination of **high wear resistance, excellent dimensional stability, and superior toughness**. Manufactured under Böhler-Uddeholm's proprietary **ISODUR®** process, this steel features a highly isotropic microstructure that ensures uniform mechanical properties in all directions. This results in predictable performance, minimal distortion during heat treatment, and enhanced resistance to chipping and cracking in demanding applications.
K340 ISODUR® represents a balanced alternative to conventional high-carbon, high-chromium steels (like D2), offering improved grindability and toughness without sacrificing wear resistance. It is supplied in soft-annealed condition and is particularly valued in precision tooling applications where reliability and consistency are critical.
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## **2. Key Characteristics & Advantages**
* **Superior Toughness:** Offers significantly higher toughness than conventional D2-type steels at comparable hardness levels, reducing the risk of chipping and catastrophic failure.
* **Excellent Dimensional Stability:** The ISODUR® manufacturing process minimizes anisotropy, leading to minimal and predictable dimensional changes during heat treatment.
* **High Wear Resistance:** Provides excellent resistance to abrasive wear, suitable for long-run production applications.
* **Good Grindability:** Despite its high hardness potential, K340 exhibits favorable grinding characteristics, reducing processing time and cost.
* **Air-Hardening:** Hardens in air with minimal risk of distortion or cracking, simplifying heat treatment for complex geometries.
* **Uniform Microstructure:** The ISODUR® process ensures a consistent, fine carbide distribution, contributing to isotropic behavior and excellent polishability.
* **Deep Hardening Capacity:** Suitable for larger cross-sections while maintaining consistent core properties.
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## **3. Chemical Composition (Weight %)**
| Element | Carbon (C) | Chromium (Cr) | Molybdenum (Mo) | Vanadium (V) | Manganese (Mn) | Silicon (Si) |
| :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
| **Content** | **1.10** | **8.30** | **2.10** | **0.50** | **0.40** | **0.90** |
**Key Alloying Rationale:**
* **Carbon & Chromium:** Form a high volume of hard chromium carbides (M₇C₃) for excellent wear resistance.
* **Molybdenum:** Enhances hardenability, promotes secondary hardening during tempering, and refines grain structure.
* **Vanadium:** Forms hard, fine vanadium carbides that increase wear resistance and inhibit grain growth.
* **Manganese & Silicon:** Aid in deoxidation and contribute to hardenability.
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## **4. Physical & Mechanical Properties**
### **Physical Properties:**
* **Density:** 7.70 g/cm³
* **Thermal Conductivity:** ~25 W/(m·K) at 20°C
* **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~210 GPa
* **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** ~10.5 x 10⁻⁶/K (20-400°C)
### **Heat Treatment & Mechanical Data:**
* **Soft Annealed Hardness:** ~230 HBW
* **Austenitizing Temperature:** 1020 - 1060°C (1870 - 1940°F)
* **Quenching:** Air (forced air for larger sections).
* **Tempering Range:** 180 - 550°C (355 - 1020°F). **Double tempering is mandatory.**
* **Achievable Hardness:**
* 60 - 62 HRC (tempered at 180 - 200°C): Maximum wear resistance, high compressive strength.
* 58 - 60 HRC (tempered at 400 - 450°C): Optimal combination of wear resistance and toughness.
* 54 - 56 HRC (tempered at 500 - 540°C): High toughness for shock-resistant applications.
* **Compressive Strength:** ~2,800 MPa (at 60 HRC)
* **Impact Toughness:** Superior to standard AISI D2 at equivalent hardness.
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## **5. Primary Applications**
BÖHLER K340 ISODUR® is engineered for demanding cold work applications that benefit from its balanced property profile.
* **Precision Blanking & Punching Dies:** For high-strength steel, electrical laminations, and automotive components.
* **Forming & Drawing Dies:** Cold forming tools, deep drawing dies, and roll forming rolls.
* **Shear & Slitter Knives:** Industrial knives for cutting sheet metal, plastics, and paper.
* **Powder Compaction Tools:** Punches and dies for compacting metal and ceramic powders.
* **Thread Rolling & Forming Dies:** For producing high-precision fasteners.
* **Molding Applications:** Injection molds and inserts for abrasive plastics (e.g., filled polymers, fiberglass).
* **Gauges & Precision Measuring Tools:** Where dimensional stability is paramount.
* **Machine Components:** Wear-resistant parts like guide rails, cam plates, and ejector pins.
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## **6. International Standards & Comparable Grades**
K340 ISODUR® is a proprietary Böhler-Uddeholm grade with a specific chemistry. Its performance position it as a premium alternative to several common standards.
| Standard | Grade / Designation | Similarity / Note |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **AISI / ASTM** | **D2 (Modified)** | K340 has a similar Cr content but is optimized with Mo and lower V for better toughness and grindability. |
| **DIN / Werkstoff** | **1.2379 (X155CrVMo12-1)** | Very close in composition. K340 can be considered a premium, isotropically processed version. |
| **JIS** | **SKD11** | The Japanese equivalent of D2. K340 offers superior consistency and toughness. |
| **ISO 4957** | **160CrMoV12** | Corresponding ISO designation for this class of steel. |
| **Uddeholm Proprietary** | **SVERKER 21** | Similar application range; K340 offers enhanced isotropy via the ISODUR® process. |
**Important Note:** The **ISODUR®** designation signifies a superior manufacturing process for achieving isotropic properties, which is not reflected in standard chemical composition classifications. Therefore, K340 ISODUR® should be specified by its proprietary name for guaranteed performance.
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## **7. Processing & Fabrication Guidelines**
* **Machining:** Can be readily machined in the soft-annealed condition using standard tool steel practices. Sharp carbide tools are recommended.
* **Grinding:** Use aluminum oxide or CBN wheels with adequate cooling. The ISODUR® structure provides good grindability and allows for fine finishes.
* **EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining):** Suitable. A stress-relieving temper is recommended after EDM to remove the affected "white layer."
* **Heat Treatment:** **Must be performed in a controlled atmosphere or vacuum to prevent decarburization.** Preheating at 650°C and 850°C is crucial. Followed by austenitizing and air quenching. **Double tempering is essential** to achieve optimal properties and transform retained austenite.
* **Surface Treatments:** An excellent substrate for PVD coatings (TiN, TiCN, AlCrN) and for nitriding to further enhance surface wear resistance.
## **8. Conclusion**
**BÖHLER K340 ISODUR®** stands out as a premium, high-performance cold work steel that successfully bridges the gap between the extreme wear resistance of high-chromium steels and the need for greater toughness and reliability in precision tooling. Its isotropic properties, granted by the ISODUR® process, ensure predictable behavior, minimal distortion, and extended service life in the most demanding applications. For toolmakers and engineers seeking to upgrade from conventional D2/SKD11 or solve problems related to chipping and unpredictable tool failure, K340 ISODUR® provides a robust and technologically advanced solution that maximizes productivity and tool life.
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Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER K340 ISODUR® Premium Cold Work Steel Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6877 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
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Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER K340 ISODUR® Premium Cold Work Steel Properties
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Applications of Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER K340 ISODUR® Premium Cold Work Steel Flange
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Chemical Identifiers Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER K340 ISODUR® Premium Cold Work Steel Flange
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Packing of Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER K340 ISODUR® Premium Cold Work Steel Flange
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Standard Packing:
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Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3348 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
