1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S601 (M2 Modified) High Speed Steel Flange For Cold Work Applications Product Information
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S601 (M2 Modified) High Speed Steel Flange For Cold Work Applications Synonyms
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S601 (M2 Modified) High Speed Steel For Cold Work Applications Product Information
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
# **Böhler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S601 (M2 Modified) High Speed Steel for Cold Work Applications**
## **Product Overview**
**BÖHLER S601** is a **high-performance, tungsten-molybdenum-based high speed steel** specifically optimized for demanding cold work applications. As a modified and enhanced version of the classic AISI M2 grade, S601 delivers superior **red-hardness (hot hardness), wear resistance, and toughness** compared to standard M2, while maintaining excellent grindability. This material bridges the gap between conventional cold work steels and true high speed steels, offering exceptional performance for applications where tools experience moderate frictional heating or require extreme edge stability under pressure.
---
## **1. Key Characteristics & Advantages**
* **Enhanced Hot Hardness:** Superior to standard M2, maintaining cutting edge integrity at moderately elevated temperatures (up to 500-550°C).
* **Excellent Wear Resistance:** Offers significantly better abrasion resistance than conventional cold work steels like D2 or A2.
* **High Compressive Strength:** Withstands extreme pressure without deformation, ideal for forming and punching hard materials.
* **Good Toughness:** Provides better resistance to chipping and cracking than many high-carbon, high-chromium cold work steels.
* **Superior Grindability:** Despite its high hardness, exhibits better grinding characteristics than standard M2, reducing manufacturing time and cost.
* **Good Dimensional Stability:** Controlled heat treatment response minimizes distortion.
* **Balanced Alloy Design:** Optimized chemistry provides the best combination of properties for cold work applications requiring HSS performance.
---
## **2. Typical Chemical Composition (Weight %)**
| Element | Carbon (C) | Tungsten (W) | Molybdenum (Mo) | Chromium (Cr) | Vanadium (V) | Cobalt (Co) |
| :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
| **Content** | ~0.90 | ~6.00 | ~5.00 | ~4.00 | ~1.80 | - |
**Key Alloying Rationale (vs. Standard M2):**
* **Carbon (~0.90%):** Slightly optimized to balance hardness, wear resistance, and toughness.
* **Tungsten & Molybdenum:** The classic 6-5-2 base provides a dense network of secondary hardening carbides for hot hardness and wear resistance.
* **Vanadium (~1.80%):** Higher than standard M2 (~1.0%), forming very hard vanadium carbides (VC) that dramatically increase abrasion resistance—a critical feature for cold work against abrasive materials.
* **No Cobalt:** Unlike true hot-work or high-speed grades (like M35/M42), S601 typically does not contain cobalt, focusing its property profile on cold applications where extreme red-hardness is not the primary need. This also improves grindability and controls cost.
---
## **3. Physical & Mechanical Properties**
### **Physical Properties:**
* **Density:** ~8.10 g/cm³
* **Thermal Conductivity:** ~25 W/(m·K) at 20°C
* **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~215 GPa
* **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** ~11.0 x 10⁻⁶/K (20-400°C)
### **Heat Treatment & Mechanical Data:**
* **Annealed Hardness:** ~240 HBW
* **Austenitizing Temperature:** 1180 - 1220°C (2155 - 2230°F)
* **Quenching Medium:** Salt bath, oil, or vacuum/pressurized gas.
* **Tempering Range:** 540 - 580°C (1005 - 1075°F). **Multiple tempering cycles (2-3) are essential.**
* **Achievable Hardness:** **63 - 66 HRC**
* Higher tempering temperatures (~560-580°C) favor toughness for high-impact cold work.
* Lower tempering temperatures (~540-550°C) maximize wear resistance and hot hardness.
* **Hot Hardness:** Can maintain ~58-60 HRC at 500°C, a key advantage over cold work steels which soften rapidly above 200-300°C.
* **Compressive Strength:** > 3500 MPa at 64 HRC.
---
## **4. Primary Applications**
BÖHLER S601 is engineered for cold work applications where conventional tool steels fail due to wear, edge heating, or a need for higher hardness.
* **High-Performance Punching & Blanking:** Progressive dies for abrasive materials (electrical steel, high-strength steel, composites).
* **Cold Forming & Extrusion:** Punches, dies, and inserts for forming hard or abrasive metals.
* **Shear Blades & Industrial Knives:** For cutting challenging materials like stainless steel, titanium, and advanced composites.
* **Thread Rolling & Forming Dies:** For high-volume production of fasteners from hard materials.
* **Powder Compaction Tools:** Punches and dies for compacting metal and ceramic powders.
* **Precision Cutting Tools for Machining:** Used in certain demanding machining operations on hardened steels.
* **Wear Parts Subject to Friction:** Components like guide rails, wear plates, and rolls where frictional heating occurs.
---
## **5. Relevant International Standards & Comparable Grades**
S601 is a proprietary Böhler-Uddeholm grade based on an enhanced M2 chemistry.
| Standard | Grade / Designation | Similarity / Note |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **AISI / ASTM A600** | **M2 (Modified/High-Vanadium)** | S601 is a proprietary enhanced version with higher vanadium for better wear resistance. |
| **DIN / Werkstoff** | **~1.3344 / HS6-5-2C** | The standard M2 equivalent; S601 offers superior properties. |
| **ISO 4957** | **HS6-5-2** | The base ISO high-speed steel designation. |
| **JIS G4403** | **SKH51** | The standard Japanese M2 equivalent. |
| **Uddeholm/Böhler** | **S600 (Standard M2)** | S601 is the direct, enhanced successor or variant. |
| **Other PM Grades** | **VANADIS 23, etc.** | For extreme wear, PM steels are superior, but S601 offers a cost-effective, high-performance conventional alternative. |
**Important:** As a proprietary grade, **BÖHLER S601** should be specified by name. Its performance, particularly in wear resistance and grindability, is tailored to surpass that of generic "M2" or "M2 Special" materials.
---
## **6. Processing & Fabrication Guidelines**
* **Machining:** Should be machined in the soft-annealed condition. Requires sharp carbide tools and stable setups due to its toughness and work-hardening tendency.
* **Grinding:** **Good grindability for an HSS.** Use aluminum oxide or CBN wheels with proper cooling to avoid thermal damage (grinding burns).
* **EDM:** Suitable. A stress-relieving temper is recommended after EDM to remove the affected surface layer.
* **Heat Treatment:** **Requires precise, controlled atmosphere or vacuum heat treatment.** Decarburization must be prevented. Preheating is critical (typically at 800-850°C). **Multiple tempering cycles (2-3) are mandatory** to achieve full secondary hardening and transform retained austenite. Cryogenic treatment can be beneficial for maximum dimensional stability.
* **Surface Treatment:** An excellent substrate for PVD coatings (TiN, TiAlN, AlCrN), which synergize with its hot hardness to further boost performance in severe applications.
---
## **7. Conclusion**
**BÖHLER S601 (M2 Modified)** is a strategically engineered material that successfully transplants the high-performance attributes of high-speed steel into the realm of demanding cold work. By optimizing the classic M2 composition—primarily through increased vanadium—it delivers a remarkable balance of wear resistance, hot hardness, and toughness that surpasses conventional cold work steels. It is the ideal choice for applications that have outgrown the capabilities of D2 or A2 due to excessive wear or edge breakdown from frictional heating, but where the full red-hardness of cobalt-containing HSS grades or the extreme cost of PM steels is not justified. For toolmakers seeking a robust, reliable, and high-performance conventional steel solution for the most challenging cold work tasks, S601 represents a superior and proven choice.
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S601 (M2 Modified) High Speed Steel For Cold Work Applications Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6881 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S601 (M2 Modified) High Speed Steel For Cold Work Applications Properties
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Applications of Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S601 (M2 Modified) High Speed Steel Flange For Cold Work Applications
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Chemical Identifiers Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S601 (M2 Modified) High Speed Steel Flange For Cold Work Applications
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Packing of Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S601 (M2 Modified) High Speed Steel Flange For Cold Work Applications
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Standard Packing:
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3352 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
