Bohler-Uddeholm,BÖHLER S400(M7) High Speed Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S400(M7) High Speed Steel Flange Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S400(M7) High Speed Steel Flange Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S400(M7) High Speed Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Böhler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S400 (M7) High Speed Steel** ## **Product Overview** **BÖHLER S400** is a high-performance **molybdenum-tungsten-vanadium alloyed high-speed steel** conforming to the AISI M7 specification. As an intermediate-grade high-speed steel, it bridges the performance gap between standard M2-type steels and premium high-vanadium/cobalt grades. S400 is engineered to provide an **excellent balance of wear resistance, toughness, and grindability**, making it a versatile and cost-effective choice for a wide range of cutting tools and wear components that demand higher performance than M2 but do not require the extreme hot hardness of cobalt-bearing grades. --- ## **1. Key Characteristics & Advantages** * **Excellent Balance of Wear Resistance and Toughness:** Offers superior abrasive wear resistance compared to M2 due to higher vanadium content, while maintaining good toughness for shock resistance. * **Good Hot Hardness (Red Hardness):** Maintains cutting edge integrity at elevated temperatures typical of high-speed machining operations. * **Favorable Grindability:** Exhibits better grinding characteristics than higher-vanadium steels like M4 or M42, simplifying tool fabrication and resharpening. * **Good Through-Hardening Capability:** Can be uniformly hardened in substantial sections, ensuring consistent properties in larger tools. * **Cost-Effective Performance:** Provides a significant performance upgrade over M2 at a lower cost premium than cobalt or high-vanadium super high-speed steels. * **Versatile Application Range:** Suitable for both cutting and selected cold work applications. --- ## **2. Typical Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Carbon (C) | Tungsten (W) | Molybdenum (Mo) | Chromium (Cr) | Vanadium (V) | | :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | | **Content** | **0.97 - 1.05** | **1.40 - 2.10** | **8.20 - 9.20** | **3.50 - 4.00** | **1.75 - 2.25** | **Alloying Rationale:** * **High Molybdenum (8.7%):** The primary alloying element, providing strong secondary hardening, good hardenability, and contributing to the steel's hot hardness at a lower cost than equivalent tungsten content (the "molybdenum equivalent" principle). * **Vanadium (2.0%):** Increased compared to M2 (~1.0%). Forms hard vanadium carbides (VC) that significantly improve abrasive wear resistance. * **Tungsten (1.75%):** Works synergistically with molybdenum to enhance hot hardness and tempering resistance. * **Chromium (3.75%):** Provides hardenability and contributes to wear resistance. * **Carbon (~1.0%):** Balanced to form sufficient carbides with vanadium and other elements without compromising toughness excessively. --- ## **3. Physical & Mechanical Properties** ### **Physical Properties:** * **Density:** ~8.10 g/cm³ * **Thermal Conductivity:** ~26 W/(m·K) at 20°C * **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~215 GPa * **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** ~11.3 x 10⁻⁶/K (20-400°C) ### **Heat Treatment & Mechanical Data:** * **Annealed Hardness:** ~240 HBW (max) * **Austenitizing Temperature:** 1190 - 1210°C (2175 - 2210°F) * **Quenching Medium:** Salt bath, vacuum/pressurized gas, or oil. * **Tempering:** **Double tempering is essential.** Temperature range: 540 - 580°C (1005 - 1075°F). * **Achievable Hardness:** **64 - 66 HRC** * Typical operating hardness is **64-65 HRC** after tempering at 550-560°C. * **Hot Hardness (600°C):** ~55-57 HRC * **Transverse Rupture Strength:** ~3000 - 3300 MPa * **Impact Toughness:** Good for its wear resistance level; better than M4 at equivalent hardness. --- ## **4. Primary Applications** BÖHLER S400 (M7) is well-suited for a broad spectrum of cutting and wear applications requiring a step up from M2 performance. * **Cutting Tools:** * **End mills, drills, and reamers** for machining alloy steels, stainless steels, and cast iron. * **Gear hobs and shaper cutters** for general gear manufacturing. * **Broaches** and form tools. * **Saw blades** and milling cutters. * **Cold Work Tooling:** * **Punches and dies** for cold forming and blanking of medium-strength materials. * **Thread rolling dies** for standard fastener production. * **Wear Parts:** Components such as guides, bushings, and wear plates in machinery. --- ## **5. Relevant International Standards & Comparable Grades** BÖHLER S400 is the Böhler-Uddeholm designation for AISI M7 high-speed steel. | Standard | Grade / Designation | Country/Region | Note | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **AISI / ASTM A600** | **M7** | USA | Direct equivalent. | | **ISO 4957** | **HS2-9-2** | International | Corresponding ISO designation (approx. 2%W, 9%Mo, 2%V). | | **DIN / Werkstoff** | **~1.3348** | Germany/EU | Not a direct 1:1 in DIN; often grouped with M2 variants or specified by chemistry. | | **JIS G4403** | **SKH59** | Japan | The Japanese M7 equivalent (note: SKH9 is M2, SKH55 is M35). | | **Comparable Grades** | **M2 (High-Vanadium Variant)** | N/A | S400/M7 has systematically higher Mo and V than standard M2. | | **Performance Position** | Between **M2** and **M4** | N/A | Offers more wear resistance than M2, less than M4; generally tougher than M4. | --- ## **6. Processing & Fabrication Guidelines** * **Supply Form:** Round bars, square bars, and flat stock. * **Machining:** Machine in the soft-annealed condition. Use sharp carbide tools. The higher vanadium content makes it slightly more abrasive to machine than M2. * **Grinding:** **Good grindability for a high-speed steel.** Easier to grind than M4 or high-cobalt grades. Use aluminum oxide or CBN wheels with adequate cooling. * **EDM:** Suitable. Follow with a stress-relieving temper (e.g., 500-550°C) to mitigate the transformed surface layer. * **Heat Treatment:** Requires controlled atmosphere or vacuum heat treatment to prevent decarburization. 1. **Preheating:** 800-850°C and 1050-1100°C is recommended. 2. **Austenitizing:** Temperature control is critical for optimal properties. 3. **Quenching:** Oil, salt bath, or pressurized gas quenching are all applicable. 4. **Tempering:** **Double temper immediately after quenching.** A third temper can be beneficial for dimensional stability. * **Surface Treatment:** Responds well to standard PVD coatings (TiN, TiCN, TiAlN) which further enhance performance for cutting tools. --- ## **7. Conclusion** **BÖHLER S400 (M7)** is a strategically important **workhorse high-speed steel** that offers a **practical and economical performance upgrade** from the ubiquitous M2 grade. Its balanced alloy design—featuring high molybdenum for hot hardness and a meaningful increase in vanadium for wear resistance—makes it an exceptionally versatile material for both toolmakers and end-users. For applications where M2 tools show excessive wear but the jump to more expensive, harder-to-grind grades like M4 or cobalt steels is not justified, S400 provides the ideal solution. It extends tool life, improves productivity in demanding cutting operations, and maintains good manufacturability. It represents a smart, cost-effective choice for a wide range of industrial cutting and wear applications, solidifying its position as a reliable and high-value grade in the high-speed steel family. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S400(M7) High Speed Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6902 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S400(M7) High Speed Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S400(M7) High Speed Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S400(M7) High Speed Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of Bohler-Uddeholm BÖHLER S400(M7) High Speed Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3373 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition