Carpenter,AerMet®-for-Tooling Tool Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Carpenter AerMet®-for-Tooling Tool Steel Flange, Double Aged 468°C Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Carpenter AerMet®-for-Tooling Tool Steel Flange, Double Aged 468°C Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Carpenter AerMet®-for-Tooling Tool Steel, Double Aged 468°C Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Carpenter AerMet® for Tooling - Double Aged at 468°C** ## **Product Overview** **Carpenter AerMet® for Tooling** is an ultra-high-strength, secondary hardening martensitic alloy specifically engineered for demanding tooling applications requiring **exceptional strength-toughness combination, high fatigue resistance, and excellent dimensional stability**. Based on the same metallurgical principles as the renowned AerMet® 100 aerospace alloy, this tooling variant is optimized for tool and die applications. The **double aging treatment at 468°C** is a critical process that maximizes the precipitation of coherent M₂C carbides, resulting in the optimal balance of mechanical properties for high-performance tooling applications where conventional tool steels reach their performance limits. --- ## **1. Key Characteristics & Advantages** * **Exceptional Strength-Toughness Combination:** Achieves an unparalleled combination of ultra-high strength (tensile strength >2000 MPa) and high fracture toughness (>65 MPa√m) - a performance window inaccessible to conventional tool steels. * **High Fatigue Resistance:** Superior resistance to cyclic loading and fatigue crack propagation, critical for tools subjected to repeated impact or stress cycles. * **Excellent Dimensional Stability:** Minimal dimensional change during heat treatment (<0.05%) due to controlled transformation characteristics. * **High Strength-to-Weight Ratio:** Lower density than tungsten-based tool steels while offering superior mechanical properties. * **Good Corrosion Resistance:** Superior to conventional tool steels, though not a true stainless grade. * **Resistance to Thermal Softening:** Maintains mechanical properties at moderately elevated temperatures. * **Clean, Homogeneous Microstructure:** Produced via advanced vacuum melting processes ensuring minimal inclusions and segregation. --- ## **2. Typical Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Carbon (C) | Chromium (Cr) | Nickel (Ni) | Molybdenum (Mo) | Cobalt (Co) | Silicon (Si) | Manganese (Mn) | | :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | | **Content** | **0.21 - 0.25** | **2.85 - 3.25** | **11.00 - 12.00** | **1.20 - 1.60** | **13.00 - 14.00** | **≤ 0.10** | **≤ 0.10** | **Metallurgical Rationale (Double Aging at 468°C):** * **High Cobalt (13.5%):** Retards the recovery of dislocations and coarsening of carbides during tempering, enabling the formation of fine, coherent M₂C carbides during secondary hardening. * **Nickel (11.5%):** Promotes toughness by stabilizing the martensitic microstructure and lowering the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature. * **Carbon (0.23%):** Critical for secondary hardening through formation of M₂C carbides during aging at 468°C. * **Chromium (3.05%) & Molybdenum (1.4%):** Form the secondary hardening carbides (primarily Mo-rich M₂C) during aging. * **Double Aging at 468°C:** This specific thermal treatment is essential: * First age: Initiates fine M₂C carbide precipitation * Second age: Completes precipitation and optimizes carbide distribution * Temperature control at 468°C is critical to maximize coherent carbide formation without overaging --- ## **3. Physical & Mechanical Properties** ### **Physical Properties:** * **Density:** 7.86 g/cm³ * **Thermal Conductivity:** 18.5 W/(m·K) at 20°C * **Modulus of Elasticity:** 193 GPa * **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 10.9 × 10⁻⁶/K (20-100°C) * **Magnetic Response:** Magnetic ### **Heat Treatment Sequence (Double Aged 468°C):** 1. **Austenitizing:** 885-900°C (1625-1650°F) for 1 hour, air or oil quench 2. **Deep Freeze:** -73°C (-100°F) minimum for 1 hour (essential) 3. **First Aging:** 468°C (875°F) for 5 hours, air cool 4. **Second Aging:** 468°C (875°F) for 5 hours, air cool ### **Mechanical Properties (After Double Aging at 468°C):** | Property | Typical Value | Test Standard | | :--- | :---: | :---: | | **Hardness** | 54 - 56 HRC | ASTM E18 | | **Ultimate Tensile Strength** | 2070 - 2210 MPa | ASTM E8 | | **Yield Strength (0.2% offset)** | 1930 - 2070 MPa | ASTM E8 | | **Elongation at Break** | 12 - 15% | ASTM E8 | | **Reduction of Area** | 55 - 65% | ASTM E8 | | **Charpy V-Notch Impact** | 35 - 45 J | ASTM E23 | | **Plane Strain Fracture Toughness (K₁c)** | 65 - 75 MPa·√m | ASTM E399 | | **Fatigue Strength (10⁷ cycles, R=0.1)** | 690 - 760 MPa | ASTM E466 | | **Dimensional Change** | +0.03% to +0.05% | - | ### **Property Comparison (Double vs Single Aging):** | Property | Double Aged 468°C | Single Aged 468°C | Improvement | | :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | | **Yield Strength** | 2000 MPa | 1850 MPa | +8% | | **Fracture Toughness** | 70 MPa√m | 60 MPa√m | +17% | | **Fatigue Limit** | 725 MPa | 650 MPa | +12% | | **Impact Energy** | 40 J | 32 J | +25% | --- ## **4. Primary Applications** AerMet® for Tooling (Double Aged 468°C) is engineered for the most demanding tooling applications where conventional materials fail: * **Aerospace Tooling:** * Forming dies for titanium and nickel-based superalloys * Isothermal forging dies requiring high temperature strength * Composite curing tools and mandrels * **High-Performance Metal Forming:** * Cold forming punches and dies for ultra-high-strength materials * Thread rolling dies for aerospace fasteners * *Extrusion tools for refractory metals* * **Precision Plastic Injection Molds:** * Cavities for engineering plastics requiring high polish * Hot runner components for high-temperature polymers * Large, complex molds requiring dimensional stability * **Die Casting Applications:** * Cores and inserts for aluminum and magnesium die casting * Ejector pins for high-pressure die casting * **Specialty Cutting Tools:** * *Broaches for difficult-to-machine alloys* * Form tools requiring high edge strength --- ## **5. Relevant International Standards & Comparable Grades** AerMet® for Tooling is a proprietary Carpenter Technology alloy with unique properties: | Standard | Grade / Designation | Comparison | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Proprietary** | **AerMet® for Tooling** | Reference ultra-high-strength tooling alloy | | **Aerospace Equivalent** | **AerMet® 100** | Similar composition but optimized for tooling applications | | **Tool Steel Class** | **Beyond H11/H13** | Superior strength-toughness combination | | **High-Performance Alloy** | **Maraging 300** | Similar strength level but different metallurgy | | **Performance Benchmark** | **AF1410 derivative** | Similar cobalt-nickel secondary hardening system | **Unique Position:** AerMet® for Tooling occupies a unique position in material property space, offering fracture toughness levels of medium-strength tool steels (like H13) at strength levels approaching maraging steels. --- ## **6. Processing & Fabrication Guidelines** ### **Machining (Solution Annealed Condition ~30 HRC):** * **Turning:** Carbide tools, 60-100 m/min, feed 0.15-0.25 mm/rev * **Milling:** Carbide end mills, 50-80 m/min, feed 0.08-0.15 mm/tooth * **Drilling:** HSS or carbide drills, 15-25 m/min, peck drilling essential * **Special Considerations:** Material work-hardens; maintain consistent chip load ### **Heat Treatment Critical Parameters:** 1. **Atmosphere:** Vacuum or protective atmosphere required 2. **Quenching:** Rapid air or oil quench essential 3. **Deep Freeze:** Mandatory after quenching (-73°C minimum) 4. **Aging Temperature Control:** ±5°C at 468°C critical for optimal properties 5. **Double Aging:** Two separate cycles at 468°C required ### **Welding:** * **Weldability:** Fair with strict procedures * **Filler Metal:** Matching composition or Ni-based superalloy filler * **Preheat:** 200-250°C minimum * **Post-Weld:** Full re-heat treatment required for critical applications ### **Surface Treatments:** * **Nitriding:** Excellent response, surface hardness up to 1200 HV * **PVD Coatings:** TiAlN, AlCrN adhere well * **Polishing:** Capable of fine finishes (Ra < 0.2 μm) --- ## **7. Technical Comparison with Conventional Tool Steels** | Property | AerMet® (468°C Double Aged) | H13 (50 HRC) | D2 (58 HRC) | Maraging 300 | | :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | | **Tensile Strength** | 2100 MPa | 1650 MPa | 2000 MPa | 2050 MPa | | **Yield Strength** | 2000 MPa | 1450 MPa | 1850 MPa | 2000 MPa | | **Fracture Toughness** | 70 MPa√m | 40 MPa√m | 20 MPa√m | 50 MPa√m | | **Charpy Impact** | 40 J | 20 J | 5 J | 15 J | | **Fatigue Strength** | 725 MPa | 500 MPa | 450 MPa | 600 MPa | | **Corrosion Resistance** | Good | Poor | Poor | Excellent | --- ## **8. Design & Application Engineering** ### **Optimal Application Conditions:** 1. **High cyclic loading** applications requiring fatigue resistance 2. **Impact or shock loading** where toughness is critical 3. **Complex geometries** requiring minimal heat treatment distortion 4. **High stress concentrations** where fracture resistance is paramount 5. **Elevated temperature** applications up to 400°C ### **Design Guidelines:** * **Stress Concentrations:** Can tolerate sharper radii than conventional tool steels * **Section Size:** Excellent for medium to thick sections (25-150mm) * **Loading Type:** Optimal for combined tension/compression with bending * **Service Temperature:** Maximum continuous service 400°C ### **Economic Considerations:** * **Higher initial cost** justified by extended tool life * **Reduced maintenance** through superior fatigue resistance * **Increased productivity** through higher operating parameters * **Lower lifecycle cost** for high-value tooling applications --- ## **9. Quality Assurance & Testing** ### **Standard Qualification Tests:** * **Chemical Analysis:** ICP-OES or combustion analysis * **Mechanical Testing:** Full tensile, impact, and hardness testing * **Microstructural Analysis:** Grain size, cleanliness, phase analysis * **Non-Destructive Testing:** UT, PT, or MT as required ### **Specialized Testing Available:** * **Fracture Toughness:** ASTM E399 * **Fatigue Crack Growth:** ASTM E647 * **Stress Corrosion Cracking:** ASTM G36, G44 * **Creep Testing:** ASTM E139 --- ## **10. Conclusion** **Carpenter AerMet® for Tooling (Double Aged at 468°C)** represents the **pinnacle of ultra-high-strength tooling alloy technology**, offering a **unique combination of aerospace-grade mechanical properties tailored for demanding tooling applications**. The specific double aging treatment at 468°C is critical to achieving the optimal microstructure with fine, coherent M₂C carbides that provide the exceptional balance of strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance. This alloy enables tooling solutions for applications where conventional materials are inadequate - particularly where **high strength must be combined with exceptional fracture resistance**. While requiring careful heat treatment control (particularly the critical double aging at 468°C), the resulting properties justify the processing complexity for high-value applications. For tooling engineers facing challenges with **fatigue failure, impact damage, or demanding strength requirements in complex geometries**, AerMet® for Tooling provides a technically superior solution that can extend tool life, improve reliability, and enable more aggressive manufacturing processes. Its performance represents a significant advancement in tooling materials technology, bridging the gap between conventional tool steels and aerospace superalloys. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Carpenter AerMet®-for-Tooling Tool Steel, Double Aged 468°C Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6911 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Carpenter AerMet®-for-Tooling Tool Steel, Double Aged 468°C Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of Carpenter AerMet®-for-Tooling Tool Steel Flange, Double Aged 468°C -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers Carpenter AerMet®-for-Tooling Tool Steel Flange, Double Aged 468°C -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of Carpenter AerMet®-for-Tooling Tool Steel Flange, Double Aged 468°C -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3382 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition