Crucible Steel Flange,CSM® 2 Mold Steel Flange, AISI P20

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel Flange CSM® 2 Mold Steel Flange, AISI P20 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel Flange CSM® 2 Mold Steel Flange, AISI P20 Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Crucible Steel CSM® 2 Mold Steel, AISI P20 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Introduction: Crucible Steel CSM® 2 (AISI P20) Mold Steel** Crucible Steel CSM® 2 is a premium, low-alloy, through-hardening mold steel conforming to the globally recognized AISI P20 specification. As a cornerstone material in the plastic injection molding and low-pressure die casting industries, CSM® 2 is engineered for **excellent machinability, good polishability, uniform hardness distribution, and consistent dimensional stability in the pre-hardened condition**. It is typically supplied pre-hardened to a uniform hardness of approximately 28-32 HRC (290-330 HB), making it ready for immediate machining into complex mold components without the need for further heat treatment by the mold maker. The "CSM" designation stands for Crucible Special Metals, denoting a product line with stringent quality control. CSM® 2 offers a reliable balance of toughness, wear resistance, and ease of fabrication, making it the industry standard for a vast majority of plastic injection molds, particularly for high-volume production of consumer goods, automotive components, and technical parts. Its predictable behavior during machining, texturing, and polishing minimizes production risks and lead times. --- ## **1. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** P20's composition is a balanced chromium-molybdenum system designed for good hardenability and stability in the pre-hardened state. | **Element** | **Carbon (C)** | **Chromium (Cr)** | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **Manganese (Mn)** | **Silicon (Si)** | **Sulfur (S)** | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Content** | 0.28 - 0.40 | 1.40 - 2.00 | 0.30 - 0.55 | 0.60 - 1.00 | 0.20 - 0.80 | ≤ 0.008 | | **Role** | Provides core strength and hardenability. The moderate level ensures good toughness in the pre-hardened state. | Primary alloy for hardenability, contributing to through-hardening in moderate sections and providing mild corrosion resistance. | Enhances hardenability, increases strength and toughness, and improves uniformity of hardness in thicker sections. | Aids in deoxidation and is a primary contributor to hardenability. | Deoxidizer and solid solution strengthener. | Impurity kept very low to ensure cleanliness and improve polishability. | *Note: Iron (Fe) constitutes the remainder. Modified P20 variants may include nickel (Ni) or increased molybdenum for enhanced properties in larger sections.* --- ## **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties** *Supplied in a pre-hardened and tempered condition, typically at 28-32 HRC (290-330 HB).* * **Density:** ~7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) * **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~205 GPa (29.7 x 10⁶ psi) * **Thermal Conductivity:** Moderate. * **Supplied Hardness:** **28 - 32 HRC (290 - 330 HB).** This pre-hardened condition provides immediate machinability with adequate wear resistance for most plastic molding applications. * **Uniformity of Hardness:** **Excellent.** Properly processed CSM® 2 exhibits minimal hardness variation from surface to core in standard block sizes (up to ~600mm thick), ensuring consistent machining behavior and performance. * **Machinability:** **Excellent.** One of its key advantages. It machines easily with good chip control and surface finish in the pre-hardened state, reducing tool wear and manufacturing time. * **Polishability:** **Very Good to Excellent.** Capable of achieving high-grade mirror finishes (e.g., SPI-A1), which is critical for molding transparent or high-gloss plastic parts. * **Toughness:** **Good.** Offers sufficient impact resistance for most molding applications, including those with complex cores and lifters. * **Wear Resistance:** **Adequate.** Suitable for molding unfilled and mildly abrasive plastics. For highly abrasive materials (e.g., glass-filled), surface treatments (nitriding, hard chrome plating) are recommended. * **Dimensional Stability:** **Very Good.** Exhibits minimal dimensional change during machining and in service when used within its recommended temperature range. --- ## **3. Processing & Heat Treatment** For the end-user, processing is greatly simplified due to the pre-hardened supply condition. * **As-Supplied Condition:** **Pre-hardened to 28-32 HRC, stress-relieved, and ready for machining.** * **Machining:** Can be machined directly using techniques appropriate for 30 HRC material. No annealing required. * **Finishing:** Can be polished, textured (EDM or chemical), and coated. * **Post-Machining Stress Relieving:** For very complex or high-precision molds, a low-temperature stress relief (e.g., 480-540°C / 900-1000°F) may be performed after rough machining. * **Surface Hardening:** Commonly nitrided (gas or plasma) to increase surface hardness to 60-70 HRC for enhanced wear and corrosion resistance without affecting the core properties. --- ## **4. Key Applications** CSM® 2 (P20) is the most widely used mold steel globally for a vast range of applications. * **Plastic Injection Molds:** Cavities, cores, inserts, ejector pins, and mold bases for appliances, automotive interiors, consumer electronics, packaging, and toys. * **Low-Pressure Die Casting Molds** for zinc, aluminum, and magnesium alloys. * **Blow Molds** for PET and other plastics. * **Structural Foam Molds.** * **Master Models and Patterns** for prototyping. * **General-Purpose Tooling** requiring a tough, stable, and machinable steel. --- ## **5. International Standards & Cross-References** Crucible CSM® 2 conforms to the AISI P20 specification, often meeting premium quality grades. * **AISI/SAE:** **P20** * **UNS:** T51620 * **European (EN):** **1.2311** (40CrMnMo7) * **Japanese (JIS):** **PDSS** (equivalent to P20 pre-hardened). * **ISO:** 35CrMo2 (approx.) * **Common Trade Names:** P20 Pre-Hardened, Mold Steel P20. --- ## **6. Advantages & Limitations** **Advantages:** * **Reduced Lead Time & Risk:** Eliminates in-house heat treatment, minimizing distortion and cracking risks. * **Excellent Machinability & Polishability:** Lowers manufacturing costs and enables high-quality surface finishes. * **Proven Reliability & Consistency:** A well-understood material with predictable performance. * **Good All-Round Performance:** Balanced toughness, wear resistance, and stability suitable for most plastic molding needs. * **Wide Availability:** Readily available in a variety of sizes and shapes. **Limitations:** * **Limited Maximum Hardness:** Not suitable for applications requiring core hardness above ~32 HRC without through-hardening (a different process). * **Moderate Wear Resistance:** Requires surface treatment for molding highly abrasive or corrosive plastics. * **Not Stainless:** Will rust if not protected; often used with protective coatings in moist environments. * **Limited High-Temperature Performance:** Not designed for hot work tooling or high-temperature molding cycles above ~300°C (570°F) for extended periods. --- ## **7. Summary** **Crucible Steel CSM® 2 (AISI P20) is the quintessential, industry-standard pre-hardened mold steel that defines efficiency and reliability in mold making.** Its success lies in its perfect alignment with the needs of the plastic injection molding industry: a material that arrives ready to be transformed into a high-precision tool with minimal processing complexity and maximum predictability. By offering an optimal balance of machinability, polishability, and in-service performance, CSM® 2 enables mold makers to deliver high-quality tools faster and with greater confidence. For the vast majority of plastic injection molds, it remains the default, cost-effective, and high-performance choice—a true workhorse material that has stood the test of time. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel CSM® 2 Mold Steel, AISI P20 Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <7000 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel CSM® 2 Mold Steel, AISI P20 Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of Crucible Steel Flange CSM® 2 Mold Steel Flange, AISI P20 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers Crucible Steel Flange CSM® 2 Mold Steel Flange, AISI P20 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of Crucible Steel Flange CSM® 2 Mold Steel Flange, AISI P20 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3471 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition