International Mold Steel Flange,DH21 Die Cast & Forging Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: International Mold Steel Flange DH21 Die Cast & Forging Steel Flange Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: International Mold Steel Flange DH21 Die Cast & Forging Steel Flange Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

International Mold Steel DH21 Die Cast & Forging Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Introduction: DH21 Hot Work Die Steel for Die Casting and Forging** ## **1. Overview** **DH21** is a **premium-grade, hot work die steel** specifically engineered for demanding applications in aluminum and magnesium die casting, as well as hot forging operations. It is a specialized member of the hot work tool steel family, offering an advanced balance of **thermal fatigue resistance, high-temperature strength, toughness, and thermal shock resistance**. DH21 is designed to withstand the extreme thermal cycling, molten metal erosion, and high mechanical stresses encountered in modern die casting and forging processes, providing longer die life, reduced cracking, and improved productivity compared to standard H13-type steels. This material is particularly valued for its enhanced performance in large, complex dies where resistance to heat checking and catastrophic failure is critical. ## **2. International Standards & Specifications** DH21 is a proprietary grade developed to exceed the performance of standard hot work steel classifications, often featuring advanced manufacturing for superior quality. * **Primary Manufacturer Standard:** * **International Mold Steel (IMS) DH21:** Proprietary specification for this enhanced hot work die steel. * **Material Classification & Comparative Grades:** * **Type:** **Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium Hot Work Tool Steel (Enhanced H13/SKD61 Type).** * **Performance Equivalent:** An advanced version of **AISI H13 / DIN 1.2344 / JIS SKD61**, with modifications aimed at improving thermal fatigue life and toughness. It is often compared to premium European grades like **DIN 1.2367 (X38CrMoV5-3)** or other "Super H13" variants. * **International Equivalents (Performance Tier):** * **Uddeholm ORVAR 2M / SUPREME** (Sweden) * **Böhler W303 ISODISC / ISOTROPY 2344** (Austria) * **ThyssenKrupp GS 344 ESU** (Germany) * **ISO 4957:** Would be classified under **X40CrMoV5-1** or similar groups, but represents a proprietary, enhanced composition and quality level. ## **3. Chemical Composition (Weight %, Typical)** The chemistry is optimized to refine the carbide structure and improve the toughness-to-wear resistance ratio compared to standard H13. | Element | Typical Range (%) | Role & Benefit | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.35 – 0.42 | Provides base hardness and wear resistance. Balanced to optimize toughness and hardenability. | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 4.80 – 5.50 | **Primary alloy.** Confers high tempering resistance ("red hardness"), provides oxidation resistance to molten aluminum, and ensures deep hardenability. | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | 1.20 – 1.60 | Enhances hardenability, high-temperature strength, toughness, and resistance to temper embrittlement. | | **Vanadium (V)** | 0.85 – 1.15 | **Key wear resistance element.** Forms fine, hard vanadium carbides (VC) that provide excellent wear resistance, grain refinement, and secondary hardening during tempering. | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.80 – 1.20 | Improves oxidation resistance and strengthens the ferrite matrix, contributing to thermal fatigue resistance. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.30 – 0.60 | Aids in hardenability and deoxidation. | | **Additional Elements:** Premium versions may include micro-alloying additions like **Nickel (Ni)** or refined via **ESR (Electro-Slag Remelting)** to enhance toughness and homogeneity. | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.005 (Very Low) | Kept extremely low to maximize **toughness, polishability, and weldability**—critical for die performance and repairability. | ## **4. Typical Physical & Mechanical Properties (Heat Treated)** * **Recommended Heat Treatment:** * **Preheating:** 750-800°C (1382-1472°F) * **Austenitizing (Hardening):** 1020-1050°C (1868-1922°F) * **Quenching:** Air or pressurized gas quenching (vacuum furnace). Oil quenching possible for complex shapes. * **Tempering:** **Double tempering is standard.** Typical tempering range: 540-620°C (1004-1148°F) to achieve desired hardness and toughness balance. * **Mechanical Properties (Hardened & Double Tempered to ~46-48 HRC for Die Casting):** * **Hardness:** 44 – 50 HRC (typical operating range for die casting dies). * **Tensile Strength:** 1450 – 1650 MPa (210,000 – 239,000 psi) * **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):** 1250 – 1450 MPa (181,000 – 210,000 psi) * **Elongation:** 8 – 12% * **Impact Toughness (Charpy V-Notch):** **30 – 45 J (22 – 33 ft-lb)** – **Excellent for this hardness level,** a key factor in resisting heat check propagation. * **Hot Hardness at 600°C (1112°F):** ~42-45 HRC * **Key Performance Metrics:** * **Thermal Fatigue Resistance:** **Excellent.** Superior resistance to the initiation and growth of heat-check cracks, the primary failure mode in die casting. * **Thermal Shock Resistance:** Good, able to withstand rapid temperature changes during die casting cycles. * **Erosion Resistance:** Good resistance to wash-out and erosion from high-velocity molten aluminum. * **Physical Properties:** * **Density:** 7.80 g/cm³ * **Thermal Conductivity:** ~ 24 W/m·K (at 20°C) * **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 11.5 x 10⁻⁶/K (20-100°C) * **Modulus of Elasticity:** 210 GPa ## **5. Product Application** DH21 is the material of choice for critical components in high-pressure casting and forging operations. * **Aluminum & Magnesium Die Casting:** * **Cavities and Cores** for structural automotive parts (transmission cases, engine blocks, intake manifolds), electronics housings, and powertrain components. * **Shot Sleeves, Nozzles, and Goosenecks.** * **Ejector Pins and Cores** for high-wear areas. * **Hot Forging (Brass, Aluminum, Steel):** * **Forging Dies and Inserts** for connecting rods, gears, and valves. * **Punch and Die Sets** for hot precision forging. * **Extrusion Dies** for non-ferrous metals. * **Other Hot Work Applications:** * **Glass Mold Tooling** * **Hot Runner Components** in injection molding for high-temperature engineering plastics. ## **6. Key Features & Advantages** * **Superior Thermal Fatigue Resistance:** Engineered microstructure and composition significantly extend die life by delaying the onset and slowing the propagation of heat-checking networks. * **Excellent Combination of Toughness and Wear Resistance:** Provides the necessary resilience to withstand mechanical shock and clamping forces while resisting erosion from molten metal. * **High Temperature Strength & Stability:** Maintains hardness and mechanical properties at elevated operating temperatures (up to ~600°C). * **Good Machinability & Polishability:** In the annealed and pre-hardened states, it offers good machinability. Can be polished to a high finish for castings requiring good surface quality. * **Enhanced Homogeneity & Consistency:** Premium versions are often ESR-refined, ensuring uniform properties throughout the die block, which is crucial for predictable performance and longevity. * **Good Weld Repairability:** Can be repaired using specialized hot work steel welding procedures and filler metals, allowing for die maintenance and salvage. ## **7. Processing Guidelines** * **Machining:** Perform rough machining in the annealed state (~220 HB). Semi-finishing and finishing can be done after hardening or in a pre-hardened condition if supplied. * **Heat Treatment:** **Critical for performance.** Use vacuum or atmosphere-controlled furnaces to prevent decarburization. Slow, uniform heating and cooling are essential to minimize stress. * **Stress Relieving:** Recommended after rough machining and before final hardening. * **Surface Treatment:** Often **nitrided** (gas or plasma) to increase surface hardness (>1000 HV) and further improve erosion and soldering resistance. PVD coatings (e.g., CrN) are also used. * **Maintenance:** Regular thermal cycling (Tempering) of dies in service can help relieve accumulated stresses and extend life. **Summary:** International Mold Steel DH21 represents a high-performance, engineered solution for the severe service conditions of die casting and hot forging. By offering enhanced thermal fatigue resistance and toughness over standard H13-type steels, it directly addresses the primary failure mechanisms in these industries, leading to longer production runs, reduced downtime for die repairs, and lower total cost per part. For manufacturers of critical aluminum or magnesium components, DH21 provides the die durability and reliability necessary for competitive, high-volume production. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: International Mold Steel DH21 Die Cast & Forging Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <7037 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: International Mold Steel DH21 Die Cast & Forging Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of International Mold Steel Flange DH21 Die Cast & Forging Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers International Mold Steel Flange DH21 Die Cast & Forging Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of International Mold Steel Flange DH21 Die Cast & Forging Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3508 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition