Iron Flange grade 60-40-18

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Ductile Iron Flange grade 60-40-18 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Ductile Iron Flange grade 60-40-18 Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Ductile Iron grade 60-40-18 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Technical Data Sheet: Ductile Iron (Nodular Iron) Grade 60-40-18** #### **1. Product Overview** Ductile Iron (DI), also known as Nodular or Spheroidal Graphite Iron (SGI), is an advanced cast ferrous material characterized by its graphite nodules, which provide a unique combination of high strength and significant ductility. **Grade 60-40-18** is one of the most common and versatile grades, defined by its minimum mechanical properties: a **60 ksi (415 MPa) tensile strength, 40 ksi (275 MPa) yield strength, and 18% elongation**. This grade is typically produced with a **ferritic matrix** through an annealing heat treatment, offering the best overall balance of strength, toughness, and machinability among standard ductile iron grades. It is a premier engineering material for components requiring reliability under dynamic loads and good impact resistance. #### **2. Governing International Standards** The classification and testing of this grade are defined by globally harmonized standards. * **Primary Designation: ASTM A536** - *Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings*. The grade is designated as **60-40-18**. * **Alternative Designations:** * **ISO 1083:** Designated as **EN-GJS-400-18** or **JS/1050-06** (400 MPa tensile, 250 MPa yield, 18% elongation). Slight variations exist, but 60-40-18 is the direct commercial equivalent. * **EN 1563:** (European Standard) **EN-GJS-400-18**. * **SAE J434:** (Automotive) **D4512**. * **Key Testing Standards:** * **Tensile Test:** ASTM E8 / ISO 6892-1. * **Impact Test:** ASTM E23 (Charpy) / ISO 148-1. * **Microstructure:** ASTM A247 / ISO 945 (Graphite nodularity >80-90% typical, Type I & II). #### **3. Typical Chemical Composition (Ferritic Annealed Grade)** The chemistry is controlled to achieve high nodularity and a primarily ferritic matrix post-annealing. | Element | Target Range (%) | Functional Role | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | 3.5 - 3.9 | Ensures castability and graphite formation; high carbon equivalent promotes graphitization. | | **Silicon (Si)** | 2.3 - 2.8 | Strong ferritizer. Higher Si promotes the ferritic matrix but must be controlled to avoid embrittlement at low temperatures. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | ≤ 0.30 | Kept low to prevent pearlite stabilization and segregation at cell boundaries, which would reduce ductility and impact resistance. | | **Magnesium (Mg)** | 0.03 - 0.05 | Essential nodulizing element. Residual level ensures graphite spheroidization. | | **Copper (Cu)** | ≤ 0.10 | Minimized in ferritic grades to avoid pearlite formation. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.04 | Kept very low to prevent brittle phosphide networks at grain boundaries. | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.015 | Very low to prevent interference with magnesium nodulization. | | **Cerium/Rare Earths** | Often present | Aids nodulization, counters detrimental trace elements. | #### **4. Physical & Mechanical Properties** This grade is defined by its excellent combination of strength and ductility. | Property | Minimum / Typical Value | Test Standard & Notes | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Tensile Strength, min.** | **60 ksi (415 MPa)** | ASTM A536 / ISO 1083 | | **Yield Strength (0.2% offset), min.** | **40 ksi (275 MPa)** | High yield-to-tensile ratio (~0.65). | | **Elongation, min.** | **18%** (in 2 inches or 50mm) | **Key distinguishing feature:** High ductility. | | **Hardness (Brinell)** | 143 - 187 HBW | Typically ~160 HBW. Excellent machinability. | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 24 - 25 x 10⁶ psi (165 - 172 GPa) | Higher than gray iron, similar to steel. | | **Charpy Impact (V-Notch) @ 23°C** | 12 - 18 J (Typical) | ASTM E23. Good impact resistance. | | **Fatigue Endurance Limit** | ~210 - 240 MPa (≈ 0.5 x UTS) | Good fatigue performance for dynamic parts. | | **Density** | 0.256 lb/in³ (7.1 g/cm³) | ~10% lighter than steel. | | **Microstructure** | **>90% Ferrite** matrix with **>80% Nodularity** (Type I & II graphite). Small amounts of pearlite may be present. | ASTM A247. The ferritic matrix is responsible for the high elongation and toughness. | #### **5. Product Applications** Grade 60-40-18 is specified for safety-critical components that experience shock loads, cyclic stresses, or require pressure integrity. * **Automotive & Transport:** **Differential carriers, axle housings, steering knuckles, brake calipers, commercial vehicle hubs.** Its toughness withstands road shocks. * **Pipe & Fittings:** **Ductile Iron Pipe (DIP) for water/sewer mains** (often per AWWA C151). High ductility is vital for withstanding ground movement and pressure surges. * **Agriculture & Off-Highway:** **Tractor front axle supports, gearbox housings, plough brackets, harvester components.** * **General Engineering:** **Hydraulic valve bodies, pump housings, press frames, heavy machinery brackets.** Where weldability (to a degree) and machinability are needed. * **Wind Energy:** **Hub castings** for smaller turbines, where its balance of properties is advantageous. #### **6. Fabrication & Heat Treatment Notes** * **Primary Condition:** **Annealed.** Castings are heated to 900-925°C, held to dissolve carbides, and slowly cooled through the eutectoid temperature to transform the matrix to ferrite. * **Machinability:** **Excellent** due to the soft ferritic matrix and graphite nodules that act as chip breakers. * **Weldability:** **Fair, but requires extreme care.** Pre-heat (350-650°C) and post-heat stress relief are mandatory. Use nickel- or special ductile iron electrodes. Not recommended for primary joining but acceptable for repairs. #### **7. Ordering Information** Specify: **"Ductile Iron Castings, ASTM A536 Grade 60-40-18 (Ferritic Annealed)"**. Key details to include: * **Drawing/Part Specification.** * **Required certifications:** Foundry test report with mechanical properties (tensile, yield, elongation, hardness) and often micrograph showing nodularity/ferrite content. * **Any special requirements:** Impact testing at low temperatures, pressure testing, specific radiographic inspection standards. This grade remains a cornerstone material for designers seeking a reliable, castable alternative to forged or fabricated steel components, offering significant cost and weight savings without sacrificing performance in demanding applications. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Ductile Iron grade 60-40-18 Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6517 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Ductile Iron grade 60-40-18 Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of Ductile Iron Flange grade 60-40-18 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers Ductile Iron Flange grade 60-40-18 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of Ductile Iron Flange grade 60-40-18 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2988 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition