AISI 1046 Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1046 Steel Flange, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1046 Steel Flange, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1046 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Technical Datasheet: AISI 1046 Hot Rolled Steel Round Bar (19-32 mm / 0.75-1.25 in)** --- ## **1. Product Overview** AISI 1046 Hot Rolled Round Bar is a medium-carbon, non-alloy steel supplied in the as-rolled condition with a characteristic mill scale surface. This grade features a slightly higher manganese content (typically 0.70-1.00%) compared to standard AISI 1045, providing improved hardenability and strength characteristics. The hot rolling process produces bars with reliable mechanical properties at an economical cost, making this material suitable for general engineering applications, forging stock, and components that will undergo subsequent heat treatment or machining. --- ## **2. Key Characteristics & Advantages** - **Cost-Effective Strength:** Provides good tensile and yield strength at lower cost than alloy steels - **Improved Hardenability:** Higher manganese content enhances response to heat treatment - **Good Machinability:** Can be readily machined in annealed or normalized condition - **Hot Workability:** Excellent for forging and hot forming operations - **Versatile Applications:** Suitable for both mechanical and structural components - **Wide Availability:** Commonly stocked in standard sizes and lengths --- ## **3. Chemical Composition** | Element | Composition Range (%) | Standard Reference | |---------|----------------------|-------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.43 - 0.50 | SAE J403 / ASTM A29 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.70 - 1.00 | SAE J403 / ASTM A29 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.040 | SAE J403 / ASTM A29 | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050 | SAE J403 / ASTM A29 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | SAE J403 / ASTM A29 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | - | *Note: The manganese content is typically at the higher end of the range compared to AISI 1045, providing better hardenability.* --- ## **4. Typical Mechanical Properties (As-Hot Rolled)** | Property | Value Range | Test Standard | |----------|-------------|---------------| | **Tensile Strength** | 625 - 775 MPa (91 - 112 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | **Yield Strength (0.2% offset)** | 430 - 580 MPa (62 - 84 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | **Elongation in 50 mm (2")** | 14% - 19% | ASTM A370 | | **Reduction of Area** | 40% - 50% | ASTM A370 | | **Brinell Hardness** | 179 - 235 HB | ASTM E10 | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200 GPa (29,000 ksi) | ASTM E111 | | **Shear Modulus** | 80 GPa (11,600 ksi) | - | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.29 | - | | **Machinability Rating** | ~45% (relative to 1212 steel) | - | --- ## **5. Physical & Thermal Properties** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Density** | 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | | **Melting Point** | 1460 - 1510°C (2660 - 2750°F) | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 48.2 W/m·K (33.4 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 486 J/kg·K (0.116 BTU/lb·°F) | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 11.3 µm/m·°C (6.3 µin/in·°F) 20-100°C | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.225 µΩ·m | --- ## **6. International Standard Equivalents** | Standard System | Designation | Comparable Specification | |----------------|-------------|--------------------------| | **UNS** | G10460 | Unified Numbering System | | **SAE/AISI** | 1046 | SAE J403 | | **ASTM** | Grade 1046 | ASTM A29 / ASTM A576 | | **EN (Europe)** | 1.1193 (C45E - Similar) | EN 10083-2 | | **ISO** | C45E (Similar) | ISO 683-18 | | **JIS (Japan)** | S45C (Similar) | JIS G4051 | | **GB (China)** | 45# (45钢) | GB/T 699 | | **DIN (Germany)** | 1.1193, Ck45 (Similar) | DIN 17200 | *Note: AISI 1046 is functionally similar to AISI 1045 but with higher typical manganese content.* --- ## **7. Heat Treatment Response** **Normalizing:** 870-925°C (1600-1700°F), air cool **Annealing:** 790-815°C (1450-1500°F), slow furnace cool **Quenching:** 830-855°C (1525-1575°F), oil quench recommended **Tempering:** 425-650°C (800-1200°F) for desired properties **Typical Heat-Treated Properties:** - **Quenched & Tempered:** Tensile 900-1200 MPa, Hardness 30-45 HRC - **Maximum As-Quenched Hardness:** 60-65 HRC - **Surface Hardening:** Induction/flame hardening up to 55-62 HRC - **Hardenability:** Improved over AISI 1045 due to higher Mn content --- ## **8. Primary Applications** ### **Automotive & Transportation** - Axle shafts and drive shafts - Transmission gears and components - Steering system parts - Heavy-duty fasteners and bolts - Suspension components ### **Industrial Machinery** - General purpose shafts and spindles - Gear blanks and sprockets - Machine tool components - Hydraulic cylinder rods - Press and forging die components ### **Construction & Mining** - Excavator pins and bushings - Drill rods and tooling - Wear plates and liners - Heavy equipment shafts - Crane and hoist components ### **Agricultural Equipment** - Tractor transmission parts - Implement drive shafts - PTO shafts and components - Plow shares and cultivator parts ### **General Manufacturing** - Forging stock for hand tools - Die blocks and tooling - Bearing races and sleeves - Valve bodies and stems - Wear-resistant components --- ## **9. Fabrication & Processing** ### **Machining** - Best machined in annealed or normalized condition - Use carbide tools with positive rake angles - Cutting fluids recommended for extended tool life - Mill scale should be removed for precision machining - Recommended cutting speeds: 25-35 m/min (80-115 ft/min) ### **Welding** - Pre-heating (150-260°C/300-500°F) required - Low-hydrogen electrodes (E7018, E8018) recommended - Post-weld heat treatment (595-650°C/1100-1200°F) advised - Controlled cooling to prevent cracking - Not recommended for highly stressed welded structures ### **Forming & Forging** - Excellent hot working characteristics - Hot working temperature: 1150-1260°C (2100-2300°F) - Moderate cold forming capability with proper radii - Minimum cold bend radius: 3 × diameter - Forging reduction ratio: 3:1 minimum recommended --- ## **10. Quality & Inspection** - Standard mill test reports typically available - Dimensional tolerances per ASTM A29 for hot-rolled bars - Surface condition: Hot-rolled with characteristic mill scale - Optional testing: Ultrasonic, magnetic particle, hardness testing - Chemical analysis verification available - Visual inspection for surface imperfections --- ## **11. Available Forms & Sizes** - **Diameter Range:** 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) as specified - **Standard Lengths:** 3-6 meters (10-20 feet) - **Surface Finish:** As-rolled with mill scale - **Tolerance Class:** Commercial tolerances standard - **Special Processing:** Cut-to-length, deburring available --- ## **12. Storage & Handling** - Store in dry conditions to minimize corrosion - Stack on level supports to prevent bending - Protect from excessive moisture during storage - Handle with appropriate equipment to prevent damage - Regular inspection for surface condition recommended - First-in-first-out (FIFO) inventory management advised --- ## **13. Comparison with Similar Grades** | Grade | Carbon Range | Mn Range | Typical Yield (HR) | Key Difference | |-------|-------------|----------|-------------------|----------------| | **AISI 1045** | 0.43-0.50% | 0.60-0.90% | 430-570 MPa | Standard medium-carbon | | **AISI 1046** | 0.43-0.50% | 0.70-1.00% | 430-580 MPa | Higher Mn, better hardenability | | **AISI 1049** | 0.46-0.53% | 0.60-0.90% | 450-590 MPa | Higher carbon content | | **AISI 1050** | 0.48-0.55% | 0.60-0.90% | 450-590 MPa | Standard higher carbon grade | --- ## **14. Important Considerations** 1. **Mill Scale Removal:** Essential for precision machining, welding, and finishing operations 2. **Heat Treatment:** Recommended for optimal performance in demanding applications 3. **Welding Precautions:** Requires careful procedure control and post-weld treatment 4. **Machinability:** Annealing improves machinability for complex parts 5. **Section Size Effects:** Hardenability decreases with increasing section thickness 6. **Surface Preparation:** Proper cleaning required before painting or plating 7. **Quality Verification:** Review material certifications for critical applications --- ## **15. Technical Notes** - **Hardenability Band:** Typically J5=12-18 mm (distance to 50 HRC in Jominy test) - **Maximum Hardness Depth:** Approximately 25-35 mm (1-1.4 in) effective hardening - **Fatigue Strength:** Approximately 280-350 MPa at 10⁷ cycles (rotating bending) - **Impact Toughness:** Typically 15-25 J at room temperature (Charpy V-notch) --- **Disclaimer:** This technical data sheet provides general information about AISI 1046 hot-rolled steel round bars. Actual properties may vary based on manufacturer, rolling conditions, heat treatment, and specific production parameters. For engineering applications, consult official material specifications and conduct appropriate testing. Professional engineering judgment should be applied for safety-critical applications. Always verify material certification and conduct application-specific testing when required. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1046 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4815 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1046 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1046 Steel Flange, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1046 Steel Flange, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1046 Steel Flange, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1286 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition