AISI 5140 Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5140 Steel Flange, annealed 830°C (1525°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5140 Steel Flange, annealed 830°C (1525°F) Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 5140 Steel, annealed 830°C (1525°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **AISI 5140 Steel - Annealed at 830°C (1525°F) - Technical Data Sheet** ## **1. Product Overview** **AISI 5140 steel annealed at 830°C (1525°F)** is a medium-carbon chromium alloy steel supplied in a **softened, fully annealed condition** optimized for maximum machinability and formability. This specific annealing treatment produces a **coarse pearlitic microstructure** with potential spheroidized carbides, providing an ideal balance between softness for machining and structural integrity for subsequent heat treatment. The 830°C annealing temperature represents the **optimal upper range** for full annealing of this steel, ensuring complete austenitization followed by controlled slow cooling to produce a uniform, stress-free microstructure. This condition is particularly valuable for complex components requiring extensive machining prior to final heat treatment, as it minimizes tool wear and maximizes dimensional stability during fabrication. --- ## **2. Chemical Composition (SAE J404/J412)** | Element | Composition Range (%) | Metallurgical Function in Annealed Condition | |---------|----------------------|----------------------------------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.38 - 0.43 | Provides carbide formation potential; balanced for machinability vs. hardenability | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.70 - 0.90 | Enhances hardenability; contributes to pearlite formation during annealing | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.035 | Impurity; minimized to prevent cold brittleness during machining | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.040 | Typically low; may be controlled for improved machinability if specified | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | Deoxidizer; strengthens ferrite matrix in annealed state | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 0.80 - 1.10 | Forms carbides; improves hardenability potential for subsequent treatment | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base metal | **Material Condition Specifications:** - **SAE/AISI:** 5140 - **Condition:** Full Annealed at 830°C (1525°F) - **Cooling Method:** Furnace cool at ≤25°C/hour to 600°C, then air cool - **Microstructure Target:** Coarse pearlite + proeutectoid ferrite (may contain spheroidized carbides) --- ## **3. Metallurgical Effects of 830°C Annealing** ### **Phase Transformation Sequence:** 1. **Heating to 830°C:** Complete austenitization (above Ac₃ ≈ 790°C) 2. **Soaking:** 1-2 hours per inch of thickness for homogenization 3. **Controlled Cooling:** Furnace cooling through critical transformation range (≈720-650°C) 4. **Final Structure:** Coarse lamellar pearlite in ferrite matrix ### **Resulting Microstructure Characteristics:** - **Pearlite Colony Size:** 20-50 μm typical - **Interlamellar Spacing:** 0.5-1.0 μm (coarse) - **Ferrite Grain Size:** ASTM 5-7 - **Carbide Morphology:** Lamellar with potential partial spheroidization - **Hardness Uniformity:** ±10 HB throughout cross-section ### **Comparison with Other Annealing Conditions:** | Annealing Temperature | Microstructure | Hardness (HB) | Machinability | Subsequent HT Response | |----------------------|----------------|---------------|---------------|------------------------| | **830°C (Full Anneal)** | Coarse pearlite | 179-217 | Very Good | Excellent | | **780°C (Subcritical)** | Spheroidized | 156-197 | Excellent | Good | | **860°C (Normalizing)** | Fine pearlite | 201-255 | Fair | Very Good | --- ## **4. Physical & Mechanical Properties (As-Annealed)** ### **Typical Properties After 830°C Annealing:** **Mechanical Properties:** - **Hardness:** 179-217 HB (85-95 HRB) - **Tensile Strength:** 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) - **Yield Strength (0.2% offset):** 345-485 MPa (50-70 ksi) - **Elongation (in 2"):** 22-28% - **Reduction of Area:** 45-55% - **Modulus of Elasticity:** 205 GPa (29,700 ksi) - **Shear Modulus:** 80 GPa (11,600 ksi) **Machinability Characteristics:** - **Machinability Rating:** 55-60% (relative to 1212 steel = 100%) - **Optimal Cutting Speed:** 45-65 m/min with carbide tools - **Chip Formation:** Continuous, manageable chips - **Surface Finish:** Good to excellent with proper tooling - **Tool Life:** Extended compared to normalized or as-rolled conditions ### **Physical Properties:** - **Density:** 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) - **Thermal Conductivity:** 44.5 W/m·K at 100°C - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 11.9 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) - **Specific Heat:** 460 J/kg·K at 20°C - **Electrical Resistivity:** 0.23 μΩ·m at 20°C ### **Advantages of This Annealed Condition:** 1. **Uniform hardness** throughout cross-section 2. **Minimal residual stresses** for dimensional stability during machining 3. **Predictable tool wear** rates for production planning 4. **Good chip control** during machining operations 5. **Excellent blanking/punching** characteristics --- ## **5. Manufacturing & Processing in Annealed Condition** ### **Machining Parameters (Recommended):** | Operation | Speed (m/min) | Feed (mm/rev) | Depth of Cut (mm) | Tool Material | |-----------|---------------|---------------|-------------------|---------------| | **Turning** | 40-60 | 0.15-0.30 | 1.0-4.0 | Carbide (C2-C4) | | **Milling** | 35-50 | 0.10-0.25 | 1.0-3.0 | Carbide or HSS | | **Drilling** | 20-30 | 0.10-0.20 | Full diameter | HSS or carbide | | **Tapping** | 5-10 | Pitch determined | Full depth | HSS (premium) | | **Sawing** | 40-60 m/min | Moderate feed | - | Bimetal blades | ### **Forming & Fabrication:** - **Cold Bending:** Minimum radius = 1.5× thickness - **Punching/Blanking:** Clean edges with minimal die wear - **Thread Rolling:** Excellent results with proper lubrication - **Cold Heading:** Suitable for moderate reductions - **Welding:** Fair weldability; preheat 150-200°C recommended ### **Heat Treatment After Machining:** *Typical sequence for finished components:* 1. **Stress Relieve (optional):** 600-650°C if heavy machining performed 2. **Austenitize:** 830-850°C for hardening 3. **Quench:** Oil for sections up to 75mm 4. **Temper:** 400-600°C based on required hardness 5. **Final Properties:** 35-50 HRC achievable --- ## **6. Product Applications** ### **Automotive Components (Prior to Heat Treatment):** - **Gear blanks** for transmissions and differentials - **Axle shaft forgings** requiring extensive machining - **Crankshafts** for medium-duty engines - **Steering components** (arms, linkages) - **Suspension parts** requiring precise machining ### **Industrial Machinery Components:** - **Large gear blanks** for industrial gearboxes - **Shaft stock** for pumps and compressors - **Machine tool components** (spindles, arbors) - **Hydraulic cylinder rods** and pistons - **Bearing races** and rolling element components ### **Heavy Equipment:** - **Undercarriage components** for track vehicles - **Pivot pins** and bushings - **Implement parts** for agricultural equipment - **Mining equipment** wear components ### **Tooling & Special Applications:** - **Die blocks** and mold bases - **Fixture components** requiring stability - **Precision instrument** parts - **Military components** requiring reliability ### **Why Specify 830°C Annealed Condition:** 1. **Complex geometries** requiring extensive machining 2. **Close tolerance** components where stress relief is critical 3. **High-volume production** where tool life optimization is important 4. **Components** requiring subsequent through-hardening 5. **Applications** where distortion during machining must be minimized --- ## **7. International Standards & Equivalents** ### **Primary Standards:** | Standard | Designation | Condition Specification | |----------|-------------|-------------------------| | **SAE/AISI** | **5140** | Annealed per customer specification | | **ASTM** | **A29/A29M** | Standard for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy | | **AMS** | **AMS 2300** | Cleanliness requirements (special quality) | ### **Global Equivalent Grades (Annealed Condition):** | Country/Region | Standard | Equivalent Grade | Annealing Equivalent | |----------------|----------|-----------------|----------------------| | **International (ISO)** | ISO 683-11 | **41Cr4** | Soft annealed | | **Europe (EN)** | EN 10083-3 | **41Cr4** | Designation 1.7035 | | **Germany** | DIN 17200 | **41Cr4** | Weichgeglüht | | **Japan** | JIS G4105 | **SCr440** | Annealed | | **China** | GB/T 3077 | **40Cr** | 退火状态 | | **France** | NF A35-552 | **42C4** | Recuit | ### **Annealing Process Standards:** - **AMS 2759:** Pyrometry - **ASTM A255:** Standard Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of Steel - **ISO 4885:** Ferrous products — Heat treatments — Vocabulary --- ## **8. Quality Control & Inspection** ### **Standard Testing for Annealed Material:** - **Hardness Testing:** Brinell (ASTM E10) or Rockwell B (ASTM E18) - **Microstructure Examination:** Per ASTM E112 (grain size), E3 (sample prep) - **Decarburization Check:** Per ASTM E1077 (typically ≤0.25mm allowed) - **Surface Quality:** Visual inspection for seams, laps, or defects ### **Acceptance Criteria:** | Parameter | Requirement | Test Method | |-----------|-------------|-------------| | **Hardness Range** | 179-217 HB | ASTM E10 | | **Grain Size** | ASTM 5-7 minimum | ASTM E112 | | **Microstructure** | Predominantly pearlitic | Visual comparison | | **Surface Decarb** | ≤0.25mm total depth | ASTM E1077 | | **Straightness** | Per purchase order | Straight edge | ### **Certification:** - **Mill Test Certificate:** 2.2 per EN 10204 typical - **Chemistry Report:** Per heat/lot - **Heat Treatment Record:** Annealing cycle documentation - **Traceability:** Heat number to material --- ## **9. Technical Advantages & Limitations** ### **Advantages of 830°C Annealed 5140:** ✅ **Excellent machinability** for complex parts ✅ **Uniform properties** throughout cross-section ✅ **Minimal residual stresses** for dimensional stability ✅ **Predictable response** to subsequent heat treatment ✅ **Good formability** for bending and shaping ✅ **Reduced tool wear** in production machining ✅ **Consistent quality** for high-volume manufacturing ### **Limitations & Considerations:** ⚠️ **Not suitable** for final use without heat treatment in most applications ⚠️ **Lower strength** compared to normalized or heat treated conditions ⚠️ **Limited wear resistance** in annealed state ⚠️ **Potential for distortion** if unevenly heated during annealing ⚠️ **Additional cost** for annealing process ⚠️ **Storage limitations** if not properly protected from rust ### **Cost-Benefit Analysis:** | Factor | Impact | Justification | |--------|--------|---------------| | **Material Cost** | +10-15% vs. as-rolled | Improved machinability reduces total cost | | **Machining Cost** | -20-30% | Longer tool life, faster machining | | **Scrap Rate** | -15-25% | Better chip control, dimensional stability | | **Heat Treatment** | No additional cost | Required regardless of starting condition | | **Total Cost** | **Often 5-15% lower** | **Net positive for complex parts** | --- ## **10. Storage, Handling & Processing Recommendations** ### **Storage Conditions:** - **Environment:** Dry, indoor storage preferred - **Protection:** Oiled or VCI wrapped for long-term storage - **Stacking:** Proper support to prevent bending - **Shelf Life:** 12 months with proper protection ### **Processing Sequence Recommendations:** 1. **Material Receipt:** Verify certification and condition 2. **Storage:** Protect from corrosion if not immediately used 3. **Machining:** Utilize optimal speeds/feeds for annealed material 4. **Intermediate Stress Relief (if needed):** 600-650°C for 1-2 hours 5. **Final Heat Treatment:** Through-harden to required specifications 6. **Finishing:** Grinding, polishing, or coating as required ### **Safety Considerations:** - **Machining:** Standard steel machining precautions - **Heat Treatment:** Proper furnace safety procedures - **Material Handling:** Standard steel handling protocols - **Disposal:** Recyclable as ferrous scrap --- ## **11. Comparison with Alternative Conditions** ### **5140 in Different Conditions:** | Property | 830°C Annealed | Normalized | As-Rolled | Quenched & Tempered | |----------|----------------|------------|-----------|---------------------| | **Hardness (HB)** | 179-217 | 201-255 | 217-269 | 285-401 | | **Tensile (MPa)** | 550-690 | 620-860 | 690-930 | 950-1200 | | **Machinability** | Excellent | Good | Fair | Poor | | **Subsequent HT** | Very Good | Excellent | Good | N/A | | **Cost Factor** | 1.10 | 1.00 | 0.95 | 1.20+ | ### **When to Select 830°C Annealed Condition:** - **Complex machining** operations are required - **Close tolerances** must be maintained - **High tooling costs** make tool life critical - **Subsequent through-hardening** is planned - **Dimensional stability** during machining is paramount ### **Alternative Approaches:** - **Spheroidize Annealed (740-760°C):** For extreme machinability, slightly lower strength - **Normalized (870-900°C):** For better properties with reasonable machinability - **Thermomechanically Processed:** For specialized applications requiring specific properties --- **Technical Significance:** AISI 5140 annealed at 830°C represents an optimal starting condition for components requiring extensive machining prior to final heat treatment. The specific annealing temperature ensures complete austenitization and transformation to a uniform, coarse pearlitic structure that provides excellent machinability while maintaining the chemical potential for subsequent hardening. This condition is particularly valuable in manufacturing environments where total cost optimization includes both material and processing costs, as the improved machinability often more than offsets the additional annealing cost. **Revision:** 1.1 **Date:** October 2023 **Disclaimer:** This technical data is for informational purposes. Actual properties may vary based on specific annealing cycle parameters, cooling rates, and material dimensions. The 830°C annealing temperature is optimal for most applications but may require adjustment based on section size or specific microstructure requirements. Always consult with heat treatment specialists and material suppliers for application-specific recommendations. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5140 Steel, annealed 830°C (1525°F) Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4123 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5140 Steel, annealed 830°C (1525°F) Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 5140 Steel Flange, annealed 830°C (1525°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 5140 Steel Flange, annealed 830°C (1525°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 5140 Steel Flange, annealed 830°C (1525°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 594 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition