ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 Cast Carbon Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 Cast Carbon Steel Flange Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 Cast Carbon Steel Flange Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 Cast Carbon Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Datasheet: ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 Cast Carbon Steel** ## **1. Product Overview** **ASTM A27 Grade 70-36** is a medium-strength **cast carbon steel** within the widely recognized A27 specification for general-purpose steel castings. Its designation reflects its minimum tensile strength of 70 ksi and yield strength of 36 ksi. This grade offers an improved balance of strength and ductility compared to lower-grade A27 materials, making it suitable for structural components subjected to moderate-to-high static loads and mild dynamic stresses in ambient temperature environments. It provides a cost-effective solution where higher load-bearing capacity is required without the need for low-temperature toughness or corrosion resistance. ## **2. International Standards & Designations** | System/Authority | Designation | Specification Title | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **ASTM** | **A27/A27M** | Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application | | **Grade** | **70-36 (Grade U-60)** | Standard Grade within A27 | | **UNS** | J03002 | Unified Numbering System | | **ASME** | SA-27 | ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code adoption (when specified) | | **ISO** | ISO 3755:2024 Grade 250-480 | Approximate international equivalent | | **EN** | EN 10293 GP240GR | Comparable European designation for general engineering castings | | **Common Names** | A27-70-36, Cast Steel 70-36, Medium-High Strength Carbon Cast Steel | ## **3. Chemical Composition (% by Weight)** Grade 70-36 maintains controlled chemistry that enables its enhanced mechanical properties while preserving good castability and weldability. | Element | ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 Requirements | Typical Composition Range | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.35% max | 0.28 - 0.33 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.70% min | 0.80 - 1.00 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.05% max | 0.030 - 0.040 | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.06% max | 0.030 - 0.040 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.60% max | 0.25 - 0.45 | | **Residual Elements** | Not individually specified | Cr ≤ 0.35%, Ni ≤ 0.35%, Mo ≤ 0.15%, Cu ≤ 0.35% | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | **Note:** The chemical composition is not the primary acceptance criterion. Mechanical properties govern acceptance, allowing foundries to adjust chemistry within specified limits to achieve required strength in different casting sections. ## **4. Mechanical & Physical Properties** Properties are determined from separately cast test bars and represent minimum requirements as per ASTM A27. | Property | ASTM A27 Minimum Requirement | Typical Achieved Range | Test Standard | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Standard Condition** | As-cast or Heat-Treated | Usually as-cast or stress-relieved | -- | | **Tensile Strength** | **485 MPa (70,000 psi)** min | 500 - 600 MPa (73 - 87 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | **Yield Strength** | **250 MPa (36,000 psi)** min | 275 - 350 MPa (40 - 51 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | **Elongation (in 50mm/2")** | **20%** min | 22% - 28% | ASTM A370 | | **Reduction of Area** | **28%** min | 30% - 40% | ASTM A370 | | **Hardness (Brinell)** | Not specified | 170 - 220 HBW | ASTM E10 | | **Impact Toughness** | Not specified (unless Supplementary Requirement S1 is invoked) | Moderate at room temperature; decreases significantly below 0°C | ASTM A370 | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | -- | 200 GPa (29 × 10⁶ psi) | -- | | **Shear Modulus** | -- | 77 GPa (11.2 × 10⁶ psi) | -- | | **Density** | -- | 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | -- | | **Thermal Conductivity** | -- | 50-52 W/m·K (at 100°C) | -- | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | -- | 12.0 × 10⁻⁶ /°C (20-100°C) | -- | ## **5. Key Characteristics & Advantages** * **Enhanced Load-Bearing Capacity:** Offers approximately 15-20% higher yield strength than Grade 60-30, enabling lighter designs or higher safety factors. * **Good Structural Integrity:** Maintains sufficient ductility (20%+ elongation) to withstand moderate deformation without brittle fracture. * **Economic Viability:** Provides higher strength at minimal cost premium compared to alloy cast steels for many applications. * **Adequate Weldability:** Can be welded using standard arc welding processes with proper procedure (low-hydrogen electrodes, controlled preheat). * **Machinability:** Offers acceptable machinability in as-cast or normalized condition, though harder than lower-grade A27 materials. * **Foundry Flexibility:** Chemistry ranges allow foundries to optimize melting practices for specific casting geometries. ## **6. Primary Applications** ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 is extensively used in heavy industrial sectors where robust, dependable cast components are required. * **Construction & Mining Equipment:** Crusher jaws (secondary), dipper teeth adapters, shovel brackets, track system components, and heavy machinery bases. * **Material Handling:** Crane hooks (non-forged), sheave wheels, conveyor pulleys, and heavy-duty gear blanks. * **Railroad Components:** Coupler knuckles (where specified), draft yokes, and freight car structural members. * **Industrial Machinery:** Press frames, rolling mill housings, large valve bodies for non-critical service, and hydraulic cylinder mounts. * **Marine & Offshore:** Windlass components, fairleads, towing pins, and deck machinery castings. * **Agricultural Equipment:** Plow frames, cultivator brackets, and heavy-duty implement components. * **General Engineering:** Large industrial gears, sprockets, and machinery components requiring moderate wear resistance with good strength. ## **7. Processing & Fabrication Guidelines** * **Heat Treatment Options:** * **Stress Relieving:** Recommended (595-650°C / 1100-1200°F) to minimize residual casting stresses, especially for complex geometries. * **Normalizing:** (900-925°C / 1650-1700°F) improves homogeneity and may enhance mechanical properties. * **Normalize & Temper:** Provides optimal combination of strength and toughness for demanding applications. * **Machining Recommendations:** * Use carbide-tipped tools for better tool life. * Recommended cutting speed: 60-90 m/min (200-300 SFM) with carbide tools. * Maintain positive rake angles and adequate chip clearance. * For heavy cuts, use ample coolant to manage heat generation. * **Welding Procedures:** * **Preheat:** 150-200°C (300-400°F) recommended for sections >25mm thickness. * **Electrodes:** Low-hydrogen type (AWS E7018, E7018-1). * **Interpass Temperature:** Maintain 150-200°C (300-400°F). * **Post-Weld:** Stress relieve at 595-650°C (1100-1200°F) for critical applications. * **Welding Processes:** SMAW, GMAW, FCAW with appropriate filler metals. * **Surface Treatments:** * Suitable for most industrial coatings including painting, galvanizing, and metalizing. * Can be flame or induction hardened on wear surfaces. * Hardfacing overlays can be applied for enhanced wear resistance. ## **8. Limitations & Design Considerations** * **Temperature Limitations:** Not suitable for low-temperature service (<0°C/32°F) without impact testing qualification. * **Not Pressure-Rated:** Not recommended for pressure-containing applications; use A216 WCB instead. * **Section Sensitivity:** Mechanical properties vary with casting section thickness; heavier sections show reduced ductility. * **Corrosion Resistance:** Limited; requires protective coatings for corrosive environments. * **Fatigue Strength:** Moderate; not recommended for high-cycle fatigue applications without proper design considerations. ## **9. Quality Assurance & Testing** * **Certification Requirements:** Material must be supplied with test reports showing compliance with chemical and mechanical requirements. * **Test Specimens:** From separately cast keel blocks per ASTM A781. * **Optional Supplementary Tests:** * S1 - Charpy Impact Test * S4 - Additional Tension Tests * S5 - Hardness Test * S6 - Heat Treatment * S10 - Carbon Equivalent ## **10. Comparative Analysis with Other A27 Grades** | Property | Grade 60-30 | **Grade 70-36** | Grade 65-35 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Tensile Min (MPa)** | 415 | **485** | 450 | | **Yield Min (MPa)** | 205 | **250** | 240 | | **Elongation Min** | 24% | **20%** | 22% | | **Typical Carbon** | 0.20-0.25 | **0.28-0.33** | 0.25-0.30 | | **Primary Use** | Light structural | **Medium-heavy structural** | General structural | --- **Disclaimer:** This technical datasheet provides general information for reference only. For complete specifications and requirements, consult the latest edition of **ASTM A27/A27M**. Final material selection should be based on specific application requirements, and engineering analysis should be performed by qualified personnel. Always verify actual material properties with the supplier before final design implementation. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 Cast Carbon Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6404 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 Cast Carbon Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 Cast Carbon Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 Cast Carbon Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of ASTM A27 Grade 70-36 Cast Carbon Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2875 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition