ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade C

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade C Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade C Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

ASTM A446 Steel, grade C Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Technical Data Sheet: ASTM A446 Steel, Grade C** --- #### **1. Product Overview** ASTM A446 Grade C is a **high-strength zinc-coated (galvanized) structural steel sheet** designed for the most demanding applications in corrugated steel pipe, structural plate structures, and other heavy civil engineering projects. As one of the highest strength grades in the A446 standard, Grade C offers superior mechanical properties for applications requiring maximum load-bearing capacity and structural performance while maintaining adequate formability and excellent corrosion protection through hot-dip galvanizing. --- #### **2. International Standards & Equivalents** | Standard Organization | Designation | |-----------------------|-------------| | **ASTM International** | **A446 Grade C** | | **UNS Number** | **K02501** | | **ISO International Standard** | **ISO 3575** | | **European Norm (EN)** | **EN 10346 DX54D+Z** | | **Japanese (JIS)** | **G 3302 SGH400** | | **Chinese GB** | **GB/T 2518** | | **Australian/New Zealand** | **AS/NZS 1397 G550** | --- #### **3. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Composition (%) | |---------|-----------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.26 max | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 1.20 max | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.035 max | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.035 max | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.30 max | | **Copper (Cu)** | 0.20 min (when required) | | **Niobium (Nb)** | 0.005-0.05 (when used) | | **Vanadium (V)** | 0.01-0.10 (when used) | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | **Key Composition Features:** - **Higher Carbon Content**: Maximum 0.26% for enhanced strength - **Elevated Manganese**: Up to 1.20% for improved strength and hardenability - **Microalloying Elements**: Optional niobium and vanadium for grain refinement - **Strength Optimization**: Chemistry balanced for maximum mechanical properties --- #### **4. Mechanical Properties** **Tensile Properties:** - **Tensile Strength**: 415 MPa (60,000 psi) min - **Yield Strength**: 345 MPa (50,000 psi) min - **Elongation in 50 mm (2 in)**: 16% min **Hardness Properties:** - **Brinell Hardness**: 125-180 HB typical - **Rockwell Hardness**: 75-95 HRB typical **Coating Properties:** - **Coating Weight**: 275 g/m² (0.90 oz/ft²) min - **Coating Adhesion**: Good - suitable for structural forming operations --- #### **5. Physical Properties** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Density** | 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200 GPa (29,000 ksi) | | **Shear Modulus** | 77 GPa (11,200 ksi) | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.29 | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 51.0 W/m·K at 20°C | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 11.6 × 10⁻⁶ /K (20-100°C) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 470 J/kg·K | --- #### **6. Product Applications** **Heavy Civil Engineering Applications:** - **Extra Large Diameter Culverts**: Major highway and railway drainage systems - **Deep Burial Structures**: Culverts under significant soil cover - **Structural Plate Bridges**: Long-span arches and multi-plate structures - **Retaining Wall Systems**: Heavy-duty mechanically stabilized earth walls **Critical Infrastructure:** - **Stormwater Detention Systems**: Large-scale underground storage structures - **Bridge Replacement Structures**: Structural plate bridge systems - **Flood Control Systems**: Levee penetrations and flood relief structures - **Mining Infrastructure**: Heavy-duty access tunnels and ventilation systems **Special Heavy-Duty Applications:** - **High Fill Applications**: Structures under extreme soil pressure - **Seismic Zone Construction**: Structures in earthquake-prone areas - **Marine and Coastal Structures**: Harbor and waterfront applications - **Industrial Complexes**: Heavy industrial site drainage systems --- #### **7. Manufacturing & Fabrication** **Forming Characteristics:** - **Adequate Formability**: Suitable for standard structural forming operations - **Minimum Bend Radius**: 2.0 × thickness for 90° bends - **Coating Adhesion**: Maintains integrity during fabrication processes - **Corrugation Compatibility**: Suitable for all standard structural profiles **Welding Performance:** - **Good Weldability**: With proper procedures and qualified welders - **Recommended Processes**: GMAW with low-hydrogen electrodes - **Pre-heat Requirements**: Recommended for thicker sections - **Safety Measures**: Strict ventilation for zinc fume control **Fabrication Considerations:** - **Bolting Systems**: Compatible with high-strength structural bolts - **Field Modification**: Requires proper tools and techniques - **Connection Design**: Engineered connection systems recommended --- #### **8. Quality Assurance & Testing** **Standard Tests:** - Complete chemical analysis - Tension testing - Bend testing - Coating weight verification - Coating adherence testing **Enhanced Quality Control:** - Hardness testing - Dimensional verification - Surface quality inspection - Microalloy content verification (when applicable) --- #### **9. Corrosion Performance** - **Superior Protection**: Heavy zinc coating for long-term corrosion resistance - **Soil Corrosion**: Excellent performance in aggressive soil conditions - **Water Environments**: Suitable for various water chemistries - **Design Life**: Typically 40-100 years depending on environmental conditions - **Protection System**: Combined barrier and sacrificial protection --- #### **10. Available Product Forms** **Standard Dimensions:** - **Thickness Range**: 1.6 mm to 4.5 mm (0.063" to 0.177") - **Width Range**: 600 mm to 1500 mm (24" to 60") - **Length Range**: Coils or cut lengths as specified **Surface Conditions:** - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Minimum coating weight 275 g/m² - Standard or minimized spangle finish available --- #### **11. Technical Specifications** **Coating Requirements:** - **Coating Weight**: 275 g/m² (0.90 oz/ft²) minimum - **Coating Uniformity**: Consistent coverage required - **Adhesion Performance**: Must withstand fabrication processes **Dimensional Tolerances:** - **Thickness Tolerance**: ±0.15 mm - **Width Tolerance**: +6 mm, -0 mm - **Length Tolerance**: +10 mm, -0 mm - **Flatness**: Meets structural application requirements --- **Technical Notes:** - Grade C provides approximately 50% higher yield strength than Grade A - Suitable for the most demanding structural applications - Maintains adequate formability for structural plate fabrication - Zinc coating thickness may be specified for specific environmental conditions - Design should follow AASHTO LRFD specifications for structural plate design - Professional engineering required for all structural applications *This information is for reference purposes. For complete technical requirements and design methodologies, consult the latest ASTM A446 standard, AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, and applicable civil engineering design codes. Structural applications require professional engineering design and review.* -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A446 Steel, grade C Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4253 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A446 Steel, grade C Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade C -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade C -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade C -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 724 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition