AK Steel ASTM A 1011, Grade 36 Type 2 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS)

AK Steel ASTM A 1011, Grade 36 Type 2 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AK Steel ASTM A 1011, Grade 36 Type 2 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AK Steel ASTM A 1011, Grade 36 Type 2 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: **Product Name:** AK Steel ASTM A1011, Grade 36 Type 2 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) --- ### **1. Overview** AK Steel's ASTM A1011 Grade 36 Type 2 is a high-strength, hot-rolled structural steel sheet and strip engineered for applications demanding a higher strength-to-weight ratio than conventional Grade 36 steel. While sharing the 36 ksi minimum yield strength with Type 1, **Type 2 is distinguished by its use of microalloying elements** (typically Columbium/Niobium or Vanadium, or a combination) for grain refinement and precipitation strengthening. This results in a steel that achieves its strength through a controlled rolling process and microalloying, rather than increased carbon content, leading to **superior weldability and formability** for its strength level. It is often classified under the High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLA) category within the A1011 specification. --- ### **2. International Standards** This product is manufactured to meet the requirements of the following key standard, with a specific focus on its microalloyed composition: * **ASTM A1011 / A1011M:** Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability. * **Grade:** 36 * **Type:** 2 (Columbium/Niobium or Vanadium treated, or other microalloyed steel). This grade often falls under the **"High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLA)"** designations within the standard (e.g., HSLAS Grade 36). --- ### **3. Chemical Composition (Typical, % by Weight)** The defining characteristic of Type 2 is its intentional addition of microalloying elements. Carbon is typically kept lower than in standard carbon steels of equivalent strength. | Element | Content (Maximum, unless specified) | Role & Implication | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.15% - 0.22% max | Lower than traditional carbon steels of similar strength, significantly improving weldability and toughness. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 1.00% - 1.40% | Higher than Type 1; a primary strengthening element that works synergistically with microalloys. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.035% max | Residual; kept low. | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.035% max | Residual; kept low. | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.10% - 0.40% | Deoxidizer and strengthens ferrite. | | **Columbium (Cb/Nb)** | **0.005% - 0.05%** (Typical) | **Key Microalloy.** Forms fine carbides/nitrides that inhibit grain growth during rolling (grain refinement) and provide precipitation strengthening. | | **Vanadium (V)** | **0.01% - 0.08%** (May be used alone or with Nb) | **Key Microalloy.** Provides strong precipitation strengthening through vanadium carbonitrides. | | **Aluminum (Al), Total** | 0.010% min | Used for deoxidation. | | **Nitrogen (N)** | Controlled | Interacts with microalloys; levels are controlled. | **Key Distinction (Type 2):** The presence of **Columbium (Nb) and/or Vanadium (V)** is the defining chemical feature. This microalloying approach allows for a leaner, cleaner overall chemistry that delivers strength with enhanced fabrication properties. --- ### **4. Physical & Mechanical Properties** Properties are achieved through a controlled thermomechanical rolling process that exploits the microalloy additions. | Property | Specification Minimum (ASTM A1011 for HSLAS Grade 36) | Typical Value / Description | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Yield Strength (min)** | 36 ksi (250 MPa) | Often exceeds the minimum, with typical values of 40-50 ksi. | | **Tensile Strength** | 53 ksi min (365 MPa) | Typically ranges from 53 - 80 ksi (365 - 550 MPa). | | **Elongation in 2" (min)** | 22% (for thickness up to 0.099 in.) | Maintains good ductility despite higher strength, a key benefit of microalloying. | | **Yield-to-Tensile Ratio** | Generally higher than Type 1 | Can be 0.75-0.85, indicating efficient use of material strength. | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 29,000 ksi (200 GPa) | | | **Notch Toughness** | **Excellent.** The fine-grained ferrite-pearlite microstructure provides good resistance to brittle fracture. | Often specified for applications requiring better impact resistance. | | **Surface Finish** | Standard hot-rolled mill finish. | | --- ### **5. Key Features & Advantages** * **Enhanced Strength with Improved Weldability:** Lower carbon content reduces carbon equivalent (CE), dramatically lowering the risk of cold cracking in welds compared to carbon-strengthened steels of similar yield strength. * **Excellent Toughness:** The fine-grained structure resulting from microalloying provides superior notch toughness and impact resistance, especially at lower temperatures. * **Good Formability:** Maintains better elongation and bendability than expected for its yield strength, allowing for more complex fabrication. * **Weight Savings Potential:** The higher strength allows for the use of thinner gauges to meet load requirements, reducing material weight and cost in weight-sensitive designs. * **Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance:** Often supplied with added Copper (Cu), providing 2x better corrosion resistance than plain carbon steel. --- ### **6. Product Applications** ASTM A1011 Grade 36 Type 2 is ideal for structural applications where weight, weldability, and durability are critical design factors. * **Transportation:** Trailer frames, dump truck bodies, railcar components, bus chassis, and heavy-duty vehicle frames where weight reduction is key. * **Construction & Infrastructure:** Lightweight structural members, bridge diaphragms, transmission towers, and architectural features requiring high strength-to-weight. * **Agricultural & Mining Equipment:** Excavator booms, loader arms, harvester frames, and other components subject to high dynamic loads. * **Material Handling:** Lifting beams, crane trolley frames, and heavy-duty racking systems. * **Energy & Utility:** Pole line hardware, equipment supports, and wind turbine components (non-primary structural). --- ### **7. Fabrication & Processing Notes** * **Welding:** **Highly weldable.** Standard low-hydrogen practices are recommended. Preheating is generally not required for thin to moderate sections due to the low carbon equivalent. * **Forming:** Can be cold formed, but may require larger bend radii than milder steels. The fine grain structure is beneficial for forming. * **Cutting:** All standard cutting methods (plasma, laser, oxy-fuel) are applicable. * **Galvanizing:** Well-suited for hot-dip galvanizing. The microalloyed composition does not typically cause the excessive reactivity (Sandelin effect) associated with high-silicon steels. --- **Disclaimer:** *This profile is a technical summary. AK Steel is now part of Cleveland-Cliffs Inc.* For engineering and procurement, always refer to the latest **ASTM A1011** specification (particularly the HSLAS section) and the certified **Mill Test Report (MTR)**. The specific microalloying (Nb, V, or both) and resulting properties can vary; the MTR provides the exact chemistry and mechanical properties for your material lot. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AK Steel ASTM A 1011, Grade 36 Type 2 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4584 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AK Steel ASTM A 1011, Grade 36 Type 2 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AK Steel ASTM A 1011, Grade 36 Type 2 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AK Steel ASTM A 1011, Grade 36 Type 2 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AK Steel ASTM A 1011, Grade 36 Type 2 Hot Rolled Carbon Steel, Structural Steel (SS) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1055 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition