AISI 1020 Steel, annealed

AISI 1020 Steel, annealed at 870°C (1600°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1020 Steel, annealed at 870°C (1600°F) Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1020 Steel, annealed at 870°C (1600°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Specification: AISI 1020 Steel, Annealed at 870°C (1600°F)** --- ## **1. Product Overview** AISI 1020 steel in the **Annealed** condition represents the softest and most ductile state achievable for this grade. The annealing process involves heating the steel to approximately **870°C (1600°F)** – within the austenitizing range – holding at temperature to achieve uniformity, followed by **slow, controlled cooling** within the furnace. This full annealing treatment maximizes the steel's formability and machinability by producing a coarse, stable microstructure with minimal internal stress. It is the preferred condition for components requiring extensive cold forming, optimal machinability, or as a preparatory step for further processing where a uniform, stress-free starting condition is paramount. ## **2. Key Features & Benefits of Annealing** * **Maximum Softness & Ductility:** Achieves the lowest possible hardness and highest elongation for AISI 1020, providing exceptional formability for deep drawing or severe cold working operations. * **Complete Stress Relief:** The slow furnace cooling effectively eliminates virtually all internal stresses from prior rolling, forging, or machining, ensuring exceptional dimensional stability. * **Homogenized Microstructure:** Produces a coarse, equilibrium structure of ferrite and pearlite, ensuring uniform properties throughout the cross-section. * **Optimized Machinability:** The soft, coarse structure allows for easy chip formation, low cutting forces, extended tool life, and excellent surface finishes, though chip breakage can be less favorable than in normalized or cold-drawn states. * **Predictable Baseline:** Establishes a consistent, reproducible metallurgical condition for subsequent heat treatments or quality control. ## **3. Standard Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | AISI 1020 Specification | Typical Analysis | | :--------------- | :---------------------- | :--------------- | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.18 - 0.23 | 0.20 | | **Manganese (Mn)**| 0.30 - 0.60 | 0.45 | | **Phosphorus (P)**| ≤ 0.040 | 0.010 | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050 | 0.025 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | ## **4. Typical Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition)** *Properties are representative for material fully annealed at 870°C (1600°F) and furnace-cooled.* | Property | Metric Value | Imperial Value | | :--------------------------------- | :-------------------- | :-------------------- | | **Tensile Strength** | 350 - 420 MPa | 50,800 - 60,900 psi | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | 280 - 330 MPa | 40,600 - 47,900 psi | | **Elongation in 50 mm (2 in)** | **35% - 45%** | **35% - 45%** | | **Reduction of Area** | **60% - 70%** | **60% - 70%** | | **Hardness** | 95 - 120 HB | 95 - 120 HB | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 190 - 210 GPa | 27,500 - 30,500 ksi | | **Machinability (Relative)** | **Excellent (for forming)** | Chip control may be less optimal than cold drawn. | **Physical Properties:** * Density: 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) * Melting Point: ~1520°C (2768°F) ## **5. Primary Applications** This condition is specified for applications where extreme formability, ease of machining, or a stress-free state is the primary requirement. * **Complex Cold Forming & Deep Drawing:** Components requiring severe deformation without cracking, such as complex housings, cups, or shells. * **Extensive Machining Operations:** Parts where maximum tool life and minimal power consumption during heavy machining are critical, and final strength will be achieved through subsequent heat treatment (e.g., case hardening). * **Precision Parts Requiring Stability:** Gauge blocks, fixture plates, or reference standards where any stress-relief-induced movement after machining must be absolutely minimized. * **Welding Pre-/Post-Treatment:** Used as a pre-anneal for complex weldments to prevent cracking, or as a full post-weld anneal for critical assemblies to restore maximum ductility and stress relief. * **Fastener Production (Pre-form):** Wire for cold forging of bolts or rivets where maximum ductility is needed before the forming operation. * **Starting Stock for Further Processing:** The ideal soft condition prior to cold drawing, or for parts that will be carburized and require a uniform, stress-free core. ## **6. Conforming International Standards** Annealed AISI 1020 is supplied under standards that encompass annealed conditions or as a customer-specific requirement. * **AISI (USA):** AISI 1020 (Base Grade) * **ASTM (USA):** **ASTM A29/A29M** (Specifies annealed condition as an option). **ASTM A519** (Seamless Mechanical Tubing) often supplied annealed. * **SAE (USA):** SAE J403, SAE J412 (Chemical). * **UNS (USA):** UNS G10200 * **ISO (International):** ISO 683-18 may include annealed conditions by agreement. * **DIN (Germany):** 1.0402 / C22 (+A for annealed per EN 10083-2). * **EN (Europe):** EN 10083-2 designates "+A" for annealed delivery condition. ## **7. Fabrication & Processing Notes** * **Formability:** Offers the **maximum formability** for this steel grade. Ideal for bending, spinning, and deep drawing operations. * **Machinability:** Produces long, stringy chips which can impede automated machining. While cutting forces are low, chip breakers and high rake angles are recommended. Surface finish can be excellent. * **Welding:** Excellent weldability. However, the heat of welding will locally alter the annealed microstructure, creating a harder heat-affected zone (HAZ). For critical welds, a full re-anneal may be necessary post-welding. * **Subsequent Heat Treatment:** This is the standard preparatory condition for **carburizing**. The stress-free, uniform core ensures predictable case depth and minimizes distortion during the high-temperature carburizing cycle. * **Strain Aging:** As a fully annealed, low-carbon steel, it may be susceptible to slight strain aging (a gradual increase in strength and decrease in ductility) over time after cold working. ## **8. Availability & Identification** * **Forms:** Round/square bars, wire, tubing, sheets, and plates. * **Condition:** Supplied as **Annealed (A)** or **Soft Annealed**. * **Microstructure:** Coarse ferrite and pearlite. * **Surface:** Typically has a black oxide anneal scale unless processed in a protective atmosphere (bright annealed). --- **Disclaimer:** The information provided is for reference purposes. The properties listed represent a fully softened condition. Actual properties can vary slightly based on furnace cycle and cooling rate. Annealed material is not intended for structural applications in its soft state unless designed accordingly. Users must verify that the low strength and high ductility of the annealed condition are suitable for the intended service. For applications requiring both good machinability and higher strength, a normalized or cold-drawn condition may be more appropriate. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1020 Steel, annealed at 870°C (1600°F) Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5448 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1020 Steel, annealed at 870°C (1600°F) Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1020 Steel, annealed at 870°C (1600°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1020 Steel, annealed at 870°C (1600°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1020 Steel, annealed at 870°C (1600°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1919 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition