AISI 1022 Steel, as rolled

AISI 1022 Steel, as rolled Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1022 Steel, as rolled Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1022 Steel, as rolled Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # AISI 1022 Steel - As Rolled (Hot Rolled) Technical Datasheet ## 1. Overview AISI 1022 steel in the **as-rolled (hot rolled)** condition is a low-carbon steel with enhanced manganese content, providing improved strength and hardenability compared to standard 1020 steel while maintaining excellent weldability and formability. The hot rolling process produces steel with characteristic mill scale surface, isotropic mechanical properties, and a favorable cost-to-performance ratio for a wide range of structural and mechanical applications. ## 2. Chemical Composition (Weight %) | Element | AISI/SAE 1022 Specification Range (%) | Typical As-Rolled Analysis (%) | Influence on Properties | |---------|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------| | Carbon (C) | 0.18 - 0.23 | 0.20 - 0.22 | Primary strength element, affects weldability | | Manganese (Mn) | 0.70 - 1.00 | 0.80 - 0.90 | Enhances strength, hardenability, deoxidizer | | Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.040 | 0.010 - 0.025 | Increases strength, reduces ductility (controlled impurity) | | Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.050 | 0.020 - 0.035 | Improves machinability, reduces hot workability | | Silicon (Si) | - | 0.15 - 0.30 (residual) | Deoxidizer, increases strength | | Iron (Fe) | Balance | Balance | Matrix element | **Key Compositional Features:** - **Higher Manganese Range (0.70-1.00%):** This distinguishes 1022 from 1020/1021 grades, providing: - 15-20% higher yield strength in as-rolled condition - Better response to heat treatment - Improved hardenability for thicker sections - Enhanced toughness at lower temperatures ## 3. Physical Properties | Property | Typical Value | Test Condition / Notes | |----------|---------------|-------------------------| | **Density** | 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | At 20°C (68°F) | | **Melting Point** | 1500 - 1520°C (2732 - 2768°F) | - | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200 GPa (29 × 10⁶ psi) | In tension | | **Shear Modulus** | 80 GPa (11.6 × 10⁶ psi) | - | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.29 | - | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 49.8 W/m·K | At 100°C (212°F) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 486 J/kg·K | At 20°C (68°F) | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 11.5 × 10⁻⁶ /K | 20-100°C (68-212°F) | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.162 µΩ·m | At 20°C (68°F) | | **Magnetic Properties** | Ferromagnetic | - | ## 4. Mechanical Properties (As-Rolled Condition) ### Typical Properties by Section Size: | Property | Light Sections (<13mm / 0.5") | Medium Sections (13-25mm / 0.5-1.0") | Heavy Sections (25-50mm / 1.0-2.0") | |----------|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------|-------------------------------------| | **Tensile Strength** | 420-500 MPa (61-73 ksi) | 400-480 MPa (58-70 ksi) | 380-460 MPa (55-67 ksi) | | **Yield Strength (0.2% offset)** | 300-380 MPa (44-55 ksi) | 280-350 MPa (41-51 ksi) | 260-330 MPa (38-48 ksi) | | **Elongation (in 50mm)** | 25-30% | 25-30% | 25-30% | | **Reduction of Area** | 50-60% | 50-60% | 50-60% | | **Hardness** | 137-174 HB | 131-163 HB | 121-149 HB | | **Charpy V-Notch Impact** | 45-65 J (33-48 ft·lb) | 40-60 J (30-44 ft·lb) | 35-55 J (26-41 ft·lb) | **Hot Rolling Process Characteristics:** - **Surface Finish:** Mill scale present (typically 0.05-0.20mm thick) - **Dimensional Tolerances:** Per ASTM A29, Table 3 (Hot Rolled Bars) - **Grain Structure:** Uniform, equiaxed ferrite-pearlite microstructure - **Isotropic Properties:** Equal strength in longitudinal and transverse directions - **Residual Stress:** Generally low compared to cold worked materials ## 5. Hot Rolling Process Details **Typical Manufacturing Sequence:** 1. **Steelmaking:** Basic oxygen or electric arc furnace 2. **Continuous Casting:** Produces billets or blooms 3. **Reheating:** 1150-1250°C (2100-2280°F) in walking beam furnace 4. **Roughing:** Initial breakdown to intermediate size 5. **Finishing:** Final passes to achieve specified dimensions 6. **Cooling:** Controlled air cooling on cooling bed 7. **Straightening & Cutting:** To specified lengths 8. **Inspection & Bundling:** Final quality checks **Key Process Parameters:** - **Finishing Temperature:** 850-950°C (1560-1740°F) - **Cooling Rate:** Air cooling on bed (1-10°C/second depending on section) - **Scale Formation:** 0.05-0.20mm thick Fe₃O₄ layer - **Decarburization:** Typically <0.25mm for standard sections ## 6. Primary Applications ### A. Automotive & Transportation - **Chassis Components:** Brackets, supports, and structural members - **Suspension Parts:** Non-critical links and supports - **Fasteners:** Bolts, studs, and pins (after machining) - **Body Components:** Reinforcements and mounting hardware ### B. Construction & Infrastructure - **Structural Supports:** Non-primary load bearing members - **Bracing Systems:** Cross-braces and diagonal supports - **Anchor Systems:** Base plates and embedment components - **Formwork & Scaffolding:** Temporary structural components ### C. Machinery & Equipment - **General Fabrication:** Frames, bases, and supports - **Agricultural Equipment:** Implement frames, mounting brackets - **Material Handling:** Conveyor components, racking systems - **Tooling Bases:** Machine bases and mounting plates ### D. Further Processing Applications - **Forging Stock:** Excellent for hot forgings (automotive, industrial) - **Machining Blanks:** Cost-effective starting material for machined parts - **Heat Treatment Feedstock:** Ideal for carburizing and normalizing - **Welding Fabrications:** Base material for welded structures and assemblies ## 7. Fabrication Characteristics | Process | Suitability Rating (1-5) | Specific Recommendations | |---------|--------------------------|--------------------------| | **Machining** | 3 | Remove mill scale first; moderate cutting speeds | | **Welding** | 5 | Excellent weldability; no preheat needed for <25mm sections | | **Hot Forming/Forging** | 5 | Ideal at 1100-900°C (2010-1650°F) | | **Cold Forming** | 3 | Moderate formability; may require annealing | | **Shearing & Sawing** | 4 | Good; scale may accelerate tool wear | | **Drilling & Tapping** | 3 | Average performance; use proper lubrication | **Welding Considerations:** - **Carbon Equivalent:** ~0.42 (CE = C + Mn/6 + (Cr+Mo+V)/5 + (Ni+Cu)/15) - **Preheat:** Generally not required for sections <25mm (1") - **Interpass Temperature:** Maximum 200°C (390°F) - **Recommended Processes:** SMAW, GMAW, FCAW, SAW - **Filler Metals:** Match base metal strength (E70XX series) ## 8. Heat Treatment Response ### A. Normalizing (Commonly Applied) - **Temperature:** 900-925°C (1650-1700°F) - **Soak Time:** 1 hour per 25mm (1") of thickness - **Cooling:** Still air - **Result:** Refined grain structure, improved uniformity, 140-170 HB ### B. Annealing (Full) - **Temperature:** 870-900°C (1600-1650°F) - **Cooling:** Furnace cool to 600°C, then air cool - **Result:** Maximum softness, improved machinability, 130-160 HB ### C. Carburizing (Case Hardening) - **Temperature:** 900-925°C (1650-1700°F) - **Process:** Gas, liquid, or pack carburizing - **Case Depth:** 0.5-2.0mm (0.020-0.080") achievable - **Surface Hardness:** 55-62 HRC after quench and temper ## 9. International Standards & Cross-References | Standard System | Standard Number | Grade Designation | Condition | Notes | |-----------------|----------------|-------------------|-----------|-------| | **ASTM/SAE (USA)** | ASTM A29 | Grade 1022 | Hot rolled (as rolled) | Primary specification | | **ASTM/SAE (USA)** | SAE J403 | 1022 | - | Chemical composition | | **ASTM/SAE (USA)** | SAE J412 | 1022 | - | Material specification | | **ASTM (USA)** | ASTM A36 | - | Structural steel | Similar mechanical properties | | **EN (Europe)** | EN 10025-2 | S275JR | Hot rolled | Similar mechanical properties | | **EN (Europe)** | EN 10083-2 | 1.1151 (C22E) | - | Chemical equivalent (Mn differs) | | **DIN (Germany)** | DIN 17200 | 1.1151 | - | Similar grade (C22E) | | **JIS (Japan)** | JIS G4051 | S20C | Hot rolled | Similar, lower Mn content | | **JIS (Japan)** | JIS G3101 | SS400 | - | Similar structural properties | | **ISO** | ISO 630 | Fe430B | - | Similar structural steel | | **BS (UK)** | BS 970 | 080M22 | - | Equivalent grade | | **GB (China)** | GB/T 700 | Q235B | - | Similar structural properties | | **GB (China)** | GB/T 699 | 20# | - | Similar grade for machining | **Procurement Specifications:** When ordering as-rolled 1022 steel, specify: 1. **Material:** ASTM A29 Grade 1022 (or equivalent) 2. **Condition:** As rolled (hot rolled) 3. **Product Form:** Bar, plate, or structural shape with dimensions 4. **Quantity:** Lengths, weights, or piece counts 5. **Special Requirements:** Testing, certification, or processing needs ## 10. Quality & Inspection **Standard Testing Requirements:** - **Chemical Analysis:** Ladle analysis with product verification - **Tensile Testing:** One test per heat for bars, additional for plates - **Bend Testing:** For structural applications (when specified) - **Hardness Testing:** Optional, typically Brinell scale - **Visual Inspection:** Surface quality, straightness, dimensions **Typical Certifications:** - Mill Test Certificate (MTC) per EN 10204 2.2 or 3.1 - Chemical and mechanical property reports - Heat/lot traceability documentation - Compliance certificates (RoHS, REACH if applicable) **Common Quality Classes:** 1. **Commercial Quality (CQ):** Standard structural applications 2. **Drawing Quality (DQ):** Improved uniformity for forming 3. **Forging Quality (FQ):** Enhanced internal soundness 4. **Special Bar Quality (SBQ):** Controlled chemistry and properties ## 11. Storage & Handling **Best Practices:** 1. **Storage Conditions:** Dry, well-ventilated area, elevated from floor 2. **Stacking:** Proper supports to prevent bending, especially long bars 3. **Corrosion Protection:** Light oil coating for extended outdoor storage 4. **Identification:** Maintain heat numbers and material tags 5. **Handling Equipment:** Proper slings, magnets, or forks to prevent damage 6. **First-In-First-Out:** Rotate stock to minimize corrosion and aging ## 12. Advantages of As-Rolled 1022 **Technical Advantages:** 1. **Isotropic Properties:** Equal strength in all directions 2. **Excellent Weldability:** Low carbon equivalent (~0.42) 3. **Good Formability:** Can be hot formed easily 4. **Cost-Effective:** Lower cost than cold finished or alloy steels 5. **Heat Treatable:** Responds well to normalizing and carburizing 6. **Availability:** Widely produced and stocked in various forms **Economic Advantages:** - Typically 20-30% less expensive than cold drawn equivalent - 40-50% less expensive than alloy steels (e.g., 4140) - Minimal processing required for many applications - Good material utilization with standard stock sizes ## 13. Limitations & Considerations 1. **Surface Condition:** Mill scale must be removed for painting, plating, or precision machining 2. **Dimensional Tolerances:** Wider than cold finished products (±0.4mm typical) 3. **Decarburization:** Surface layer may have reduced carbon content 4. **Residual Scale:** Can accelerate tool wear during machining 5. **Straightness:** May require additional straightening for precision applications 6. **Size Limitations:** Properties vary with section thickness ## 14. Comparison with Similar Grades | Property | AISI 1022 (As Rolled) | AISI 1020 (As Rolled) | AISI 1018 (As Rolled) | AISI 1045 (As Rolled) | |----------|------------------------|------------------------|------------------------|------------------------| | **Carbon Range** | 0.18-0.23% | 0.18-0.23% | 0.15-0.20% | 0.43-0.50% | | **Manganese Range** | 0.70-1.00% | 0.30-0.60% | 0.60-0.90% | 0.60-0.90% | | **Typical Tensile** | 400-480 MPa | 380-450 MPa | 370-440 MPa | 570-700 MPa | | **Typical Yield** | 280-350 MPa | 250-310 MPa | 240-300 MPa | 310-400 MPa | | **Machinability** | 70% | 72% | 78% | 55% | | **Weldability** | Excellent | Excellent | Excellent | Good (preheat required) | | **Primary Use** | General structural, forging | Light structural | Cold forming, carburizing | High strength components | ## 15. Environmental & Sustainability **Recycling Information:** - **Recyclability:** 100% recyclable without quality degradation - **Recycled Content:** Typical products contain 25-90% recycled scrap - **Energy Recovery:** Can be recovered at end of life through steel recycling **Environmental Compliance:** - **RoHS Compliant:** Contains no restricted hazardous substances - **REACH Compliant:** All constituents registered as required - **Waste Classification:** Non-hazardous industrial material --- *Technical Disclaimer: This datasheet provides typical values and characteristics for as-rolled AISI 1022 steel. Actual properties may vary depending on manufacturer, rolling practice, section size, and testing methods. For critical applications, always consult the manufacturer's certified test reports and conduct appropriate validation testing. Compliance with all applicable design codes, safety standards, and regulations is the responsibility of the end user and specifying engineer.* -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1022 Steel, as rolled Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4778 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1022 Steel, as rolled Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1022 Steel, as rolled -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1022 Steel, as rolled -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1022 Steel, as rolled -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1249 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition