AISI 1049 Steel, Annealed Cold Drawn,UNS G10490

AISI 1049 Steel, Annealed Cold Drawn Bar (UNS G10490) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1049 Steel, Annealed Cold Drawn Bar (UNS G10490) Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1049 Steel, Annealed Cold Drawn Bar (UNS G10490) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Technical Datasheet: AISI 1049 Annealed Cold Drawn Steel Bar (UNS G10490)** --- ## **1. Product Overview** AISI 1049 Annealed Cold Drawn Bar (UNS G10490) is a premium-processed medium-high carbon steel product that combines the dimensional precision of cold drawing with the optimized machinability and stress relief of post-drawing annealing. This specialized manufacturing sequence produces material with exceptional dimensional accuracy, superior surface quality, and a fully recrystallized microstructure ideal for precision machining operations. The annealing process eliminates the residual stresses from cold working while developing a uniform ferrite-pearlite structure that provides consistent mechanical properties and predictable behavior during subsequent manufacturing processes. --- ## **2. Key Characteristics & Advantages** - **Optimized Machinability**: Annealed condition provides superior chip formation and extended tool life - **Dimensional Precision**: Cold drawing ensures tight tolerances (±0.05 mm / ±0.002 in typical) - **Stress-Relieved State**: Eliminates residual stresses, minimizing distortion during machining - **Uniform Microstructure**: Fully recrystallized structure for consistent performance - **Enhanced Ductility**: Improved formability compared to standard cold drawn material - **Excellent Surface Finish**: Smooth, bright surface (0.8-1.6 µm Ra) with scale-free condition - **Predictable Heat Treatment**: Uniform structure ensures consistent response to final hardening --- ## **3. Manufacturing Process Sequence** 1. **Hot Rolling**: Initial reduction to approximate dimensions 2. **Cold Drawing**: Precision sizing (10-20% area reduction typically) 3. **Full Annealing**: 790-815°C (1450-1500°F), controlled furnace cooling 4. **Optional Stress Relieving**: 600-650°C (1110-1200°F) if specified 5. **Final Inspection**: Comprehensive dimensional, surface, and metallurgical verification --- ## **4. Chemical Composition** | Element | Composition Range (%) | Standard Reference | |---------|----------------------|-------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.46 - 0.53 | ASTM A108 / SAE J403 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.60 - 0.90 | ASTM A108 / SAE J403 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.040 | ASTM A108 / SAE J403 | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050 | ASTM A108 / SAE J403 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | ASTM A108 / SAE J403 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | - | *Note: Higher carbon content (0.46-0.53%) provides excellent hardenability potential while maintaining good annealed machinability.* --- ## **5. Typical Mechanical Properties (Annealed Cold Drawn Condition)** | Property | Value Range | Test Standard | |----------|-------------|---------------| | **Tensile Strength** | 600 - 750 MPa (87 - 109 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | **Yield Strength (0.2% offset)** | 350 - 500 MPa (51 - 73 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | **Elongation in 50 mm (2")** | 18% - 24% | ASTM A370 | | **Reduction of Area** | 50% - 60% | ASTM A370 | | **Brinell Hardness** | 170 - 229 HB | ASTM E10 | | **Surface Roughness (Ra)** | 0.8 - 1.6 µm (32 - 63 µin) | ASME B46.1 | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200 GPa (29,000 ksi) | ASTM E111 | | **Shear Modulus** | 80 GPa (11,600 ksi) | ASTM E143 | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.29 | ASTM E132 | | **Machinability Rating** | ~60% (relative to 1212 steel) | - | | **Residual Stress Level** | < 50 MPa surface compression | X-ray diffraction | --- ## **6. Microstructural Characteristics** - **Grain Structure**: Fully recrystallized ferrite with well-dispersed pearlite colonies - **Grain Size**: ASTM 6-8 (medium to fine) - **Phase Distribution**: Uniform ferrite matrix with 40-50% pearlite - **Microhardness Variation**: ≤ 10% across diameter (ΔHV ≤ 20) - **Decarburization**: ≤ 0.10 mm (0.004 in) maximum - **Non-Metallic Inclusions**: ASTM E45 Method A, ≤ 1.5 thin series --- ## **7. Physical & Thermal Properties** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Density** | 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | | **Thermal Conductivity (20°C)** | 48.2 W/m·K (33.4 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 486 J/kg·K (0.116 BTU/lb·°F) | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 11.3 µm/m·°C (6.3 µin/in·°F) 20-100°C | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.230 µΩ·m | | **Magnetic Properties** | Ferromagnetic | --- ## **8. International Standard Equivalents** | Standard System | Designation | Primary Specification | |----------------|-------------|----------------------| | **UNS** | G10490 | Unified Numbering System | | **SAE/AISI** | 1049 | SAE J403 | | **ASTM** | Grade 1049 | ASTM A108 (with annealing) | | **EN (Europe)** | 1.1194 (C50E) | EN 10083-2 | | **ISO** | C50E | ISO 683-18 | | **JIS (Japan)** | S50C | JIS G4051 | | **GB (China)** | 50# (50钢) | GB/T 699 | | **DIN (Germany)** | 1.1194, Ck50 | DIN 17200 | --- ## **9. Heat Treatment Response (Post-Machining)** ### **Final Heat Treatment Capabilities** | Process | Parameters | Resulting Properties | |---------|------------|---------------------| | **Quenching & Tempering** | 830-855°C oil quench, 200-600°C temper | UTS: 900-1400 MPa, HRC: 30-50 | | **Induction Hardening** | Surface heating, rapid quench | Case: 55-62 HRC, Core: 25-35 HRC | | **Carburizing** | 900-950°C carburizing atmosphere | Case: 58-63 HRC, Depth: 0.5-2.0 mm | | **Nitriding** | 500-580°C nitrogen atmosphere | Surface: 800-1100 HV, Depth: 0.2-0.5 mm | ### **Typical Heat Treatment Results** - **As-Quenched Hardness**: 63-66 HRC (maximum) - **Tempered Hardness Range**: 28-52 HRC (depending on temperature) - **Case Hardness (Induction)**: 55-60 HRC (adjustable depth) - **Core Toughness**: 20-40 J (Charpy V-notch after tempering) --- ## **10. Primary Applications** ### **Precision Automotive Components** - Transmission gear blanks requiring extensive machining - Engine crankshaft and camshaft forgings - Steering system precision components - High-performance suspension parts - Turbocharger shaft blanks ### **Industrial Machinery Manufacturing** - Complex gear and sprocket blanks - Machine tool spindle blanks - Hydraulic valve bodies and manifolds - Pump housings and impeller blanks - Precision fixture and jig components ### **Aerospace & Defense Manufacturing** - Landing gear component blanks - Actuator system parts before hardening - Weapon system precision components - Avionics mounting hardware ### **Medical Equipment Manufacturing** - Surgical instrument blanks - Dental equipment precision components - Diagnostic machine structural parts - Prosthetic manufacturing tooling ### **General Precision Engineering** - Complex turned and milled components - Multi-operation machined parts - Prototype development and testing - Tool and die manufacturing --- ## **11. Fabrication Characteristics** ### **Machining Performance** | Operation | Recommended Parameters | Expected Results | |-----------|------------------------|-----------------| | **Turning** | 40-70 m/min, 0.1-0.3 mm/rev | Surface finish < 1.6 µm Ra, Good chip control | | **Milling** | 35-60 m/min, 0.05-0.2 mm/tooth | Extended tool life, Consistent quality | | **Drilling** | 20-40 m/min, 0.1-0.3 mm/rev | Good hole quality, Minimal burring | | **Tapping** | 5-15 m/min, Proper lubrication | Reduced tap breakage, Good thread form | | **Grinding** | 25-35 m/s, Light cuts | Excellent surface integrity, < 0.4 µm Ra | ### **Welding Considerations** - **Pre-heating**: 150-250°C (300-480°F) recommended - **Electrodes**: E8018-G, E9018-G low-hydrogen - **Post-Weld Treatment**: 600-650°C (1110-1200°F) stress relief - **Limitations**: Complete re-heat treatment recommended after welding ### **Forming Operations** - **Cold Forming**: Good capability with proper radii - **Bending**: Minimum radius 2.5× diameter for 90° bends - **Forging**: Excellent for hot forging at 1150-900°C - **Punching/Blanking**: Clean edges with proper clearance --- ## **12. Quality Assurance & Inspection** ### **Dimensional Tolerances** | Dimension | Tolerance | Measurement Method | |-----------|-----------|-------------------| | **Diameter (19-32 mm)** | ±0.05 mm (±0.002 in) | Laser micrometer | | **Straightness** | ≤ 0.2 mm per 300 mm (≤ 0.008 in/ft) | Optical comparator | | **Roundness** | ≤ 0.03 mm (≤ 0.0012 in) | Roundness tester | | **Surface Finish** | 0.8-1.6 µm Ra (32-63 µin Ra) | Surface profilometer | ### **Testing Protocol** - **Chemical Analysis**: Each heat (ASTM E415) - **Mechanical Testing**: Each production lot (ASTM A370) - **Microstructural Examination**: Each annealing batch (ASTM E112) - **Hardness Testing**: Multiple locations per bar (ASTM E10) - **Residual Stress Analysis**: X-ray diffraction available ### **Certification Requirements** - Full traceability from melt to final product - Annealing temperature-time records - Complete mechanical property reports - Microphotographs upon request - Compliance certificates (ISO 9001, IATF 16949) --- ## **13. Storage & Handling Protocol** - **Storage Environment**: 15-25°C, <50% relative humidity - **Packaging**: VCI paper wrapping, plastic end caps - **Stacking**: Maximum 1.2 meter height with proper supports - **Handling**: Non-marring nylon slings recommended - **Shelf Life**: 12 months in original packaging - **Identification**: Clear heat number and grade marking --- ## **14. Comparative Advantages** ### **Performance Comparison** | Property | Standard Cold Drawn | Annealed Cold Drawn | Benefit | |----------|-------------------|----------------------|---------| | **Machinability** | 35% | 60% | 71% improvement | | **Tool Life** | Standard | Extended (2-3×) | Reduced tooling cost | | **Surface Finish** | Good (1.6-3.2 µm) | Excellent (0.8-1.6 µm) | Better part quality | | **Distortion Risk** | High | Low | Improved dimensional stability | | **Chip Control** | Fair | Excellent | Improved productivity | | **Material Cost** | Base | +15-25% | Justified by machining savings | ### **Economic Analysis** - **Material Cost Premium**: 15-25% - **Machining Time Reduction**: 20-40% - **Tool Cost Reduction**: 30-50% - **Scrap Rate Reduction**: 40-60% - **Overall Cost Savings**: 15-30% total manufacturing cost --- ## **15. Technical Guidelines for Design & Manufacturing** ### **Design Considerations** 1. **Tolerance Stack-up**: Account for heat treatment distortions 2. **Surface Finish Requirements**: Specify based on application needs 3. **Stress Concentrations**: Design to minimize notches and sharp corners 4. **Quality Levels**: Define appropriate testing requirements ### **Manufacturing Planning** 1. **Process Sequence**: Machine → Heat Treat → Final Machine 2. **Stock Allowance**: Adequate material for final machining after HT 3. **Fixture Design**: Consider heat treatment fixtures for complex parts 4. **Quality Gates**: Implement at critical process stages ### **Process Optimization** 1. **Cutting Parameters**: Optimize for specific operations 2. **Tool Selection**: Match tools to material condition 3. **Coolant Strategy**: Proper selection and application 4. **Inspection Methods**: Appropriate for tolerance requirements --- ## **16. Economic & Production Considerations** ### **Cost-Benefit Analysis** | Factor | Standard CD | Annealed CD | Savings/Premium | |--------|-------------|-------------|-----------------| | Material Cost | 100% | 115-125% | (15-25%) | | Machining Time | 100% | 60-80% | 20-40% | | Tooling Cost | 100% | 50-70% | 30-50% | | Scrap Rate | 5-10% | 2-4% | 3-6% | | **Total Manufacturing Cost** | **100%** | **70-85%** | **15-30% Savings** | ### **Production Recommendations** - **Minimum Order Quantity**: 500 kg for economic viability - **Lead Time**: 6-8 weeks (including annealing cycle) - **Customization**: Available for specific annealing parameters - **Testing Services**: Additional charges for special requirements ### **Inventory Management** - **Stock Rotation**: FIFO system implementation - **Re-order Points**: Based on consumption patterns - **Safety Stock**: Maintain for critical sizes - **Supplier Management**: Partner with certified suppliers --- ## **17. Environmental & Sustainability Aspects** ### **Environmental Benefits** - **Energy Efficiency**: Reduced machining energy consumption - **Material Efficiency**: Near-net shape processing - **Tool Life Extension**: Reduced tool manufacturing impact - **Recyclability**: 100% recyclable at end of life ### **Compliance & Certifications** - **REACH**: Fully compliant - **RoHS**: No restricted substances - **ISO 14001**: Environmentally responsible manufacturing - **Sustainability Reporting**: Available upon request --- ## **18. Technical Support Services** ### **Available Support** - **Material Selection**: Engineering consultation - **Process Development**: Manufacturing optimization - **Troubleshooting**: Problem-solving assistance - **Training**: Technical seminars and workshops ### **Value-Added Services** - **Just-in-Time Delivery**: Inventory management solutions - **Kanban Systems**: Automated replenishment - **Technical Documentation**: Complete material data packages - **Quality Audits**: Supplier assessment services --- **Disclaimer**: This technical data sheet provides comprehensive information about AISI 1049 Annealed Cold Drawn Steel Bars. Properties may vary based on specific manufacturing parameters, annealing conditions, and processing history. For critical applications, consult with material engineers, review certified test reports, and conduct application-specific validation testing. This premium-grade material is specifically engineered for applications where superior machinability, dimensional stability, and predictable performance during manufacturing are paramount requirements. --- **Revision**: 1.0 **Date**: November 2023 **Status**: Current Specification **Contact**: Technical Services Department -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1049 Steel, Annealed Cold Drawn Bar (UNS G10490) Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4818 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1049 Steel, Annealed Cold Drawn Bar (UNS G10490) Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1049 Steel, Annealed Cold Drawn Bar (UNS G10490) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1049 Steel, Annealed Cold Drawn Bar (UNS G10490) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1049 Steel, Annealed Cold Drawn Bar (UNS G10490) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1289 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition