AISI 12L13 Steel, hot rolled

AISI 12L13 Steel, hot rolled, 19-38 mm round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 12L13 Steel, hot rolled, 19-38 mm round Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 12L13 Steel, hot rolled, 19-38 mm round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Introduction: AISI 12L13 Steel, Hot Rolled Round Bar (19-38 mm)** **Overview** AISI 12L13 is a premium low-carbon, rephosphorized, and **lead-treated** free-machining steel supplied as a **hot rolled round bar** in the diameter range of **19-38 mm**. Distinguished by the intentional addition of lead (0.15-0.35%), this grade represents one of the highest echelons of machinability among standard steel bar products. The uniformly dispersed lead particles act as an internal lubricant at the tool-chip interface, significantly reducing cutting forces, improving surface finish, and extending tool life. Supplied in the economical as-rolled condition, 12L13 is engineered for high-volume production of components where **ultimate machining productivity, superior surface quality, and minimal tool wear are paramount**, even at the expense of mechanical properties and weldability. **Key Features & Advantages** * **Exceptional Machinability:** The synergistic effect of lead, sulfur, and phosphorus results in outstanding chip-breaking characteristics, very low cutting forces, and the ability to achieve excellent surface finishes at high production speeds. Its machinability rating substantially exceeds that of non-leaded grades like 1212. * **Superior Surface Finish:** Produces exceptionally smooth surface finishes on machined parts, often eliminating the need for secondary grinding or polishing operations. * **Extended Tool Life:** The lubricating effect of lead inclusions dramatically reduces friction and heat generation at the cutting edge, leading to significantly longer tool life compared to machining standard free-cutting steels. * **Economic Efficiency for High-Volume Machining:** The reduction in cycle time, tooling costs, and power consumption provides compelling overall cost savings in mass production environments. * **Consistent Performance:** The uniform dispersion of lead ensures predictable and stable machining behavior, which is critical for automated manufacturing processes. --- ### **1. Chemical Composition (Standard Conformance)** The chemistry is uniquely defined by its lead content, which differentiates it from all other standard 12xx series steels. | Element | Standard Range (%) | Key Function | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | ≤ 0.15 (max) | Kept low to maximize machinability and prevent work hardening. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.70 – 1.00 | Combines with sulfur to form manganese sulfide (MnS) inclusions for chip breaking. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.07 – 0.12 | **Elevated.** Promotes chip brittleness and improves machinability. | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.24 – 0.33 | **Elevated.** Primary free-machining additive; forms MnS inclusions. | | **Lead (Pb)** | **0.15 – 0.35** | **The Defining Element.** Added as fine, discrete particles. Acts as a solid lubricant during machining, reducing friction and improving chip flow. | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base element. | **Key International Standard Equivalents:** * **UNS:** G12134 * **AISI/SAE:** 12L13 * **ASTM:** A29 (Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought) * **DIN (Germany):** 9SMnPb28 / 1.0718 (similar leaded grade) * **EN (Europe):** 1.0718 * **JIS (Japan):** SUM22L or SUM24L (similar leaded free-cutting grades) --- ### **2. Typical Physical & Mechanical Properties (Hot Rolled, As-Rolled Condition)** *Note: This material is selected almost exclusively for its machining performance. Its mechanical properties are generally inferior to non-leaded steels.* | Property | Typical Value / Description | | :--- | :--- | | **Density** | ~7.87 g/cm³ (Slightly higher due to lead content) | | **Machinability Rating** | **~160-180%** (Relative to AISI 1212=100%). One of the highest ratings for a standard steel grade. | | **Tensile Strength** | 380 – 480 MPa (55 – 70 ksi) | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | 275 – 345 MPa (40 – 50 ksi) | | **Elongation (in 50mm)** | **15% – 25%** *(Highly anisotropic; transverse ductility is very low)* | | **Brinell Hardness (HB)** | 130 – 170 | | **Surface Condition** | Standard hot-rolled finish with mill scale. | --- ### **3. Product Applications** AISI 12L13 hot rolled rounds are specified for the most demanding, high-volume machining applications where productivity and finish are the critical drivers. * **High-Precision Screw Machine Parts:** Complex components for automotive (fuel injector parts, sensor housings), hydraulic/pneumatic fittings, and firearms manufacturing. * **Fasteners Produced at Maximum Speed:** Nuts, bolts, and special fasteners where thread quality and production rate are optimized. * **Electrical and Electronic Components:** Connector pins, terminals, and parts requiring excellent, burr-free machined surfaces. * **Appliance and Hardware Components:** Gears, knobs, and decorative parts where a fine machined finish is part of the product appeal. * **General High-Volume Components:** Any part where the cost savings from reduced machining time and tool wear significantly outweigh the material premium. --- ### **4. Critical Considerations & Limitations** * **Health, Safety & Environmental (HSE) Concerns:** **Contains Lead (Pb).** Special handling procedures are required to control exposure to lead dust or fumes during machining (e.g., local exhaust ventilation, PPE). Disposal of machining swarf and coolant must comply with environmental regulations for lead-containing waste. Its use is restricted or prohibited in certain applications (e.g., potable water systems, children's products). * **Non-Weldable:** **NOT SUITABLE FOR WELDING.** The lead, sulfur, and phosphorus content cause severe embrittlement and hot cracking. Vaporization of lead during welding also creates a significant health hazard. * **Poor Mechanical Properties:** Exhibits low strength, very poor transverse ductility and impact toughness, and is **not suitable for any structural or load-bearing applications**. * **Limited Thermal Processing:** Cannot be heat-treated for strengthening. Exposure to high temperatures (e.g., during hot working or welding) can cause lead to sweat out to the surface or create internal voids. * **Density Variation:** Lead segregation, though minimized in production, can occasionally occur, leading to minor density inconsistencies. * **Comparison to 1213:** 12L13 offers significantly better machinability and tool life due to lead, but introduces HSE concerns and is often more expensive. 1213 is the non-leaded alternative for high-sulfur applications. **Disclaimer:** **AISI 12L13 is a specialized, high-productivity machining steel with significant health and environmental implications.** Its use requires strict adherence to safety protocols for handling and machining, and compliance with all relevant environmental regulations for waste disposal. It must not be used in applications involving welding, heat treatment, or significant mechanical stress. Selection should be based on a thorough review of production benefits versus HSE responsibilities. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 12L13 Steel, hot rolled, 19-38 mm round Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5011 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 12L13 Steel, hot rolled, 19-38 mm round Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 12L13 Steel, hot rolled, 19-38 mm round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 12L13 Steel, hot rolled, 19-38 mm round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 12L13 Steel, hot rolled, 19-38 mm round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1482 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition