AISI E9310 Steel, annealed

AISI E9310 Steel, annealed at 845°C (1550°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI E9310 Steel, annealed at 845°C (1550°F) Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI E9310 Steel, annealed at 845°C (1550°F) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Introduction: AISI E9310 Steel, Annealed at 845°C (1550°F)** #### **1. Overview** AISI E9310 is a premium **high-nickel-chromium-molybdenum (Ni-Cr-Mo) alloy steel**, standardized as an **aircraft-quality case-hardening (carburizing) steel**. This specification describes the material in its **annealed condition**, achieved by heating to **845°C (1550°F)** followed by slow cooling (typically furnace cooling). This thermal treatment produces the softest, most ductile state of the steel, characterized by a **coarse pearlitic and ferritic microstructure**. The annealed condition provides **optimal machinability and formability**, serving as the ideal starting material for manufacturing complex components that will subsequently undergo rigorous carburizing heat treatment. For E9310, annealing is a critical preparatory step that ensures uniform properties and maximum processability before leveraging the material's exceptional potential for developing extreme core toughness and surface hardness. #### **2. International Standards & Designations** This material condition conforms to leading aerospace and industrial standards. | Region/System | Standard Designation | Title / Purpose | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **USA (AISI/SAE)** | **AISI E9310, SAE J404** | Chemical Composition (Aircraft Quality) | | **USA (ASTM)** | **ASTM A322** | Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard Grades | | **Aerospace Material** | **AMS 6260** | Steel Bars, Forgings, and Tubing 1.8Ni-0.80Cr-0.25Mo (9310) | | **Heat Treatment Reference** | **SAE AMS-H-6875** | Heat Treatment of Steel, General Requirements | | **UNS Number** | **G93106** | Unified Numbering System | | **Europe** | **1.6657 / 14NiCrMo13-4** | Equivalent Material Standard | | **International** | **ISO 683-11** | Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels | #### **3. Chemical Composition** The defining characteristic of AISI E9310 is its exceptionally high nickel content, which is fundamental to its world-class core properties after final heat treatment. **Core Composition (% by Weight, AISI E9310):** | Element | Content Range | Metallurgical Role in Annealed State | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.08 - 0.13 | Low core carbon; forms coarse, soft pearlite during slow cooling, optimizing machinability. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.45 - 0.65 | Contributes to hardenability; partially dissolved in ferrite for solid solution strengthening. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.025 | Impurity; controlled to minimize brittleness. | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.025 | Impurity; controlled for improved ductility and machinability. | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | Deoxidizer; strengthens the ferrite matrix. | | **Nickel (Ni)** | **3.00 - 3.50** | **Critical Element:** In solid solution within ferrite, it provides the foundational chemistry for exceptional future core toughness, impact resistance, and hardenability. This is the key differentiator from lower-nickel grades like 8620. | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 1.00 - 1.45 | Increases hardenability; promotes the formation of alloy carbides within pearlite. | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | 0.08 - 0.15 | Enhances hardenability and refines grain structure; contributes to tempering resistance. | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base metal. | #### **4. Mechanical & Physical Properties (Annealed Condition)** Annealing at 845°C produces the softest, most ductile state of the steel, ideal for heavy machining and forming operations. **Typical As-Annealed Properties:** * **Hardness:** **163 - 207 HB** (Brinell) or **85 - 93 HRB** (Rockwell B). This is the optimal range for maximum tool life and metal removal rates. * **Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS):** **540 - 690 MPa** (78 - 100 ksi) * **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):** **310 - 450 MPa** (45 - 65 ksi) * **Elongation in 2 inches:** **22% - 30%** (Excellent ductility) * **Reduction of Area:** **50% - 65%** * **Machinability Rating:** **~55%** (Compared to 100% for B1112 steel). Good chip formation and surface finish are achievable with appropriate tooling and parameters. * **Microstructure:** Coarse lamellar pearlite in a matrix of equiaxed ferrite grains. The slow cooling allows for grain growth and soft carbide formation. **Physical Properties:** * **Density:** 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) * **Modulus of Elasticity (Young's):** 205 GPa (29,700 ksi) * **Poisson's Ratio:** 0.29 * **Thermal Conductivity:** ~42 W/m·K (at 100°C) * **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 12.3 x 10⁻⁶/°C (20-100°C) #### **5. Product Applications** Annealed AISI E9310 is the preferred starting stock for manufacturing the most critical, high-performance components across aerospace, defense, and motorsport industries. * **Aerospace Component Blanks:** Pre-forms for helicopter transmission gears, aircraft actuator components, landing gear parts, and turbine engine accessories. * **High-Performance Automotive/Racing:** Blanks for transmission gears, differential gears, camshafts, and crankshafts in Formula 1, IndyCar, and top-fuel applications. * **Critical Defense Components:** Pre-machined stock for tank transmission parts, naval gearing, and other high-stress military applications. * **Oil & Gas Tooling:** Components for downhole drilling tools, heavy-duty valves, and pump parts requiring ultimate reliability. * **Tooling & Prototyping:** Material for molds, dies, and functional prototypes where machinability is paramount and the final properties of E9310 are required. #### **6. Key Characteristics & Advantages** * **Maximum Machinability:** The controlled annealed hardness (HB 163-207) allows for high-efficiency machining of complex geometries, deep holes, and fine features, significantly reducing manufacturing time and cost for intricate components. * **Superior Formability:** Can be readily cold-worked, forged, or upset to near-net shape prior to finish machining, offering great flexibility in manufacturing routes. * **Uniform Properties for Predictable Processing:** The annealing process ensures consistent hardness and microstructure throughout the cross-section, leading to predictable tool wear, stable machining conditions, and reliable deformation behavior during forming. * **Essential Foundation for Ultimate Properties:** This soft, uniform state is the mandatory precursor to developing E9310's renowned combination of an ultra-hard, wear-resistant case (58+ HRC) and an exceptionally tough, nickel-alloyed core after carburizing and quenching. The annealing process ensures no prior processing stresses interfere with this transformation. * **Weldability (Pre-HT):** Can be welded using established procedures (preheat and post-weld heat treatment are strongly recommended), although subsequent full re-heat treatment is typically required for critical applications. **Conclusion:** **AISI E9310 in the annealed condition (845°C) is a premium, process-optimized raw material designed for manufacturing the world's most demanding case-hardened components.** Its value lies not in its as-supplied strength, but in its role as a **perfectly conditioned canvas** upon which the exceptional final properties of E9310 are built. The annealing process ensures that the expensive, high-nickel alloy chemistry is homogeneously distributed and stress-free, providing the ideal starting point for the precise carburizing and quenching cycles that will follow. For manufacturers of flight-critical, mission-critical, and performance-critical parts, starting with properly annealed E9310 is a fundamental requirement. It is the first and most crucial step in a chain of processes that culminate in a component capable of withstanding extreme stresses, impacts, and wear—a testament to the synergy of advanced metallurgy and precision manufacturing. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI E9310 Steel, annealed at 845°C (1550°F) Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5761 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI E9310 Steel, annealed at 845°C (1550°F) Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI E9310 Steel, annealed at 845°C (1550°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI E9310 Steel, annealed at 845°C (1550°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI E9310 Steel, annealed at 845°C (1550°F) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2232 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition