TBS-9 High Carbon Bearing Steel Foil/Strip

TBS-9 High Carbon Bearing Steel Foil (Composition Spec) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: TBS-9 High Carbon Bearing Steel Foil (Composition Spec) Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

TBS-9 High Carbon Bearing Steel (Composition Spec) Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Datasheet: TBS-9 High Carbon Bearing Steel (Composition Specification)** --- #### **1. Material Overview** **TBS-9** is a **high-carbon, chromium-alloy bearing steel** developed and standardized by **Toyota Motor Corporation** for internal use. It represents a **proprietary, performance-optimized variant** of standard bearing steels (such as SAE 52100/SUJ2), formulated to meet Toyota's stringent requirements for **fatigue life, wear resistance, cleanliness, and dimensional stability** in high-performance automotive bearing applications. While its exact specifications are proprietary, it is known to be a through-hardening bearing steel that offers exceptional reliability and consistency for critical rotating components. #### **2. Key Material Concept: Proprietary Performance Optimization** Unlike publicly standardized grades, TBS-9 is engineered to achieve specific performance targets through tightly controlled: - **Chemistry:** Precisely balanced carbon and chromium levels, likely with stricter control over residual elements (Ni, Cu, Mo) and trace elements compared to general standards. - **Steelmaking Practice:** Utilizes advanced melting processes (e.g., Vacuum Degassing, Electro-Slag Remelting) to achieve **ultra-low levels of oxides and sulfides (inclusions)**, directly enhancing contact fatigue life. - **Microstructural Control:** Guarantees a uniform, fine dispersion of carbides and controlled prior austenite grain size for optimal hardness and toughness. - **Hardenability Consistency:** Produced to narrow internal hardenability bands to ensure uniform case-core properties in mass production. #### **3. International Standard & Cross-References** TBS-9 is a **company-specific (Toyota) standard**, not an international public standard. It is part of the **Toyota Bearing Steel (TBS)** series. - **Primary Standard:** **Toyota Internal Material Standard TBS-9**. - **Closest Public Equivalents:** It is functionally most similar to **premium-quality versions** of the following grades: - **JIS G 4805: SUJ2** (High Carbon Chromium Bearing Steel) - **ASTM A295: E52100 / ISO 683-17: 100Cr6** - **DIN 1.3505: 100Cr6** - **Quality Benchmark:** It typically meets or exceeds the **"Extra Clean" or "Super Clean"** quality levels of standards like ASTM A295, with stricter inclusion ratings (e.g., stricter than ASTM E45 Method D). #### **4. Typical Chemical Composition (% by Weight)** *Based on published analyses and its functional equivalence to SUJ2/E52100.* | Element | Estimated/Typical Range (%) | Function in TBS-9 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | **0.95 – 1.10** | Primary element for high hardness and carbide formation. | | **Silicon (Si)** | **0.15 – 0.35** | Deoxidizer. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | **0.25 – 0.45** | Enhances hardenability. | | **Chromium (Cr)** | **1.30 – 1.60** | **Key alloy:** Provides deep hardenability and forms hard (Fe,Cr)₃C carbides for wear resistance. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | **≤ 0.020** | Very low – minimizes embrittlement. | | **Sulfur (S)** | **≤ 0.010** | Very low – critical for improved fatigue life and transverse ductility. | | **Oxygen [O]** | **≤ 10 ppm** | **Ultra-low** – indicator of superior cleanliness. | | **Residuals (Ni, Cu, Mo, etc.)** | **Tighter limits than public standards** | Controlled to ensure consistent heat treatment response. | #### **5. Typical Physical & Mechanical Properties** **A. Physical Properties:** - **Density:** ~7.83 g/cm³ - **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~210 GPa - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** ~11.9 x 10⁻⁶/°C **B. Mechanical Properties (After Standard Bearing Heat Treatment):** - **Hardness:** **61 – 65 HRC** (after quenching and low-temperature tempering). - **Contact Fatigue Life (L10):** **Significantly higher** than standard bearing steel grades due to superior cleanliness. - **Bending Fatigue Strength:** Excellent. - **Toughness:** Adequate for bearing applications; balanced with high hardness. - **Dimensional Stability:** Excellent, with controlled retained austenite content (typically < 5%). #### **6. Key Characteristics** - **Superior Cleanliness (Ultra-Low Inclusion Count):** The defining feature. Maximizes bearing life under high load and high-speed conditions by minimizing stress concentrators. - **Exceptional Microstructural Homogeneity:** Uniform fine carbides and grain structure ensure consistent performance. - **High and Consistent Hardness:** Achieves optimal hardness profile with minimal lot-to-lot variation. - **Tailored for Automotive Applications:** Specifically designed for the demanding life, reliability, and mass-production requirements of Toyota's transmissions, wheel hubs, and auxiliary systems. #### **7. Primary Applications (within Toyota)** TBS-9 is used in the most critical automotive bearing applications: - **Transmission Components:** Tapered roller bearings and ball bearings for gearbox shafts and differentials. - **Wheel Bearings:** High-performance hub unit bearings. - **Engine Auxiliary Systems:** Bearings for alternators, tensioners, and high-RPM components. - **Electric Vehicle Components:** Bearings for electric drive motors and reducers. - **Power Steering Pumps.** #### **8. Available Forms & Procurement** - **Forms:** Primarily supplied as **hot-rolled or cold-drawn bars, wire rod, or seamless tubing** to Toyota and its approved tier-1 bearing suppliers. - **Procurement:** **Not available on the open market.** Access is restricted to Toyota's supply chain. Manufacturers must be qualified to Toyota's specific requirements for steelmaking, processing, and testing. - **Certification:** Requires comprehensive **Toyota-approved certification** including chemistry, inclusion ratings (e.g., by JK or SEP 1927 methods), hardenability data, and micrographs. #### **9. Comparison with Public Standards** | Aspect | Standard SUJ2 / E52100 | **TBS-9 (Toyota Proprietary)** | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Inclusion Control** | Meets JIS/ASTM "Extra" grade. | **Far stricter, "Super Clean" level.** | | **Oxygen Content** | Typically 5-15 ppm. | **Typically ≤ 10 ppm, often lower.** | | **Chemistry Tolerances** | Standard ranges. | **Tighter internal control limits.** | | **Supply** | Open market, multiple suppliers. | **Restricted to Toyota supply chain.** | | **Target Application** | General-purpose bearings. | **High-Reliability Automotive Bearings.** | --- **Disclaimer:** This datasheet is compiled from publicly available information and analysis of Toyota's material strategy. **The exact composition, processing, and specifications of TBS-9 are proprietary to Toyota Motor Corporation.** The values provided are estimates based on its performance class. This material cannot be procured or specified outside of Toyota's approved supply chain. For general applications, equivalent "Super Clean" grades of SUJ2 or 100Cr6 from specialized steelmakers should be considered. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: TBS-9 High Carbon Bearing Steel (Composition Spec) Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5196 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: TBS-9 High Carbon Bearing Steel (Composition Spec) Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of TBS-9 High Carbon Bearing Steel Foil (Composition Spec) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers TBS-9 High Carbon Bearing Steel Foil (Composition Spec) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of TBS-9 High Carbon Bearing Steel Foil/Strip (Composition Spec) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Foil/Strip drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1667 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition