Crucible Steel Sheet,Plate,CSM® S60V (440V) Tool Steel Sheet,Plate, AISI 440C Modified

Crucible Steel Sheet/Plate CSM® S60V (440V) Tool Steel Sheet/Plate, AISI 440C Modified Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel Sheet/Plate CSM® S60V (440V) Tool Steel Sheet/Plate, AISI 440C Modified Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Crucible Steel CSM® S60V (440V) Tool Steel, AISI 440C Modified Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Introduction: Crucible Steel CSM® S60V (440V) Tool Steel (Modified AISI 440C)** Crucible Steel CSM® S60V, historically marketed as 440V, is a premium, high-carbon, high-chromium, high-vanadium martensitic stainless tool steel that represents a significant performance evolution beyond the standard AISI 440C grade. It is engineered to deliver **exceptional wear resistance coupled with good corrosion resistance**, positioning it uniquely between traditional high-wear tool steels and standard stainless steels. The "S60V" designation indicates its high vanadium content, which is the key to its dramatically improved abrasion resistance. While based on the 440-series stainless family, S60V is a substantial modification, with vanadium content increased to form a high volume of ultra-hard vanadium carbides. This modification addresses the primary limitation of 440C—moderate wear resistance—by providing wear performance that approaches or exceeds that of non-stainless tool steels like D2, while still retaining the stainless properties crucial for many applications. CSM® S60V is a solution for components that must endure severe abrasive wear in environments where corrosion resistance is also required. --- ## **1. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** The composition modifies the standard 440C formula with a substantial increase in carbon and the strategic addition of vanadium. | **Element** | **Carbon (C)** | **Chromium (Cr)** | **Vanadium (V)** | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **Manganese (Mn)** | **Silicon (Si)** | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Content** | **2.15 - 2.30** | **16.00 - 18.00** | **5.25 - 5.75** | **0.40 - 0.80** | **≤ 0.50** | **≤ 0.50** | | **Role** | **Elevated level.** Essential for forming the high volume of hard vanadium and chromium carbides that provide extreme wear resistance and high attainable hardness. | **Primary corrosion resistance element.** At ~17%, it ensures excellent stainless properties by forming a robust passive chromium oxide layer. Also contributes to hardenability and wear resistance via chromium carbides. | **Key performance modifier.** The 5.5% vanadium forms a large volume of extremely hard vanadium carbides (VC), which are the primary source of its **exceptional abrasion resistance**. | Enhances hardenability, improves toughness and tempering resistance, and increases resistance to pitting corrosion. | Aids in deoxidation and contributes to hardenability. | Deoxidizer and solid solution strengthener. | *Note: Iron (Fe) constitutes the remainder. This composition transforms it from a general-purpose stainless (440C) into a wear-resistant "super stainless" tool steel.* --- ## **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties** *Typical properties after proper heat treatment to a working hardness of 57-60 HRC.* * **Density:** ~7.67 g/cm³ (0.277 lb/in³) * **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~200 GPa (29 x 10⁶ psi) * **Thermal Conductivity:** Low, due to the high volume of carbide phases. * **Corrosion Resistance:** **Very Good.** Superior to non-stainless tool steels (like D2, M2) and offers good to very good resistance to rust, tarnishing, and many chemicals. Comparable to or slightly better than 440C in many environments due to its high chromium content. * **Hardness (Typical Working Range):** **56 - 60 HRC.** Most commonly used at **57-59 HRC** for an optimal balance of wear resistance and manageable toughness. * **Abrasion Resistance:** **Excellent.** The high volume of vanadium carbides provides wear resistance that far exceeds 440C and approaches that of dedicated high-wear non-stainless PM steels. This is its defining mechanical advantage. * **Toughness:** **Low to Moderate.** This is the trade-off for its high wear and corrosion resistance. It has lower impact toughness than 440C, AEB-L, or CPM 154. It is suitable for applications without severe shock or impact loading. * **Grindability (Hardened):** **Very Difficult.** The high volume of extremely hard vanadium carbides makes grinding challenging. **Diamond or CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) abrasives are strongly recommended** for sharpening and finishing. --- ## **3. Heat Treatment** Precise heat treatment is required to optimize corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. * **Annealing:** Heat to 900-925°C (1650-1700°F), slow cool. Annealed hardness: 240-280 HB. * **Preheating:** **Essential.** Use a double preheat: First at 540-650°C (1000-1200°F), then at 815-870°C (1500-1600°F). * **Austenitizing:** **1080-1120°C (1975-2050°F).** A common range is **1100-1110°C (2010-2030°F)**. Higher temperatures increase hardness and wear resistance but can reduce corrosion resistance and toughness. * **Quenching:** **Air quench** or positive pressure gas quench. **Do not oil quench,** to preserve corrosion resistance and surface finish. * **Tempering:** **Mandatory.** Temper immediately after quenching. **Minimum of two tempers**, each for 2+ hours. * **Typical tempering range: 205-540°C (400-1000°F).** * For maximum corrosion resistance, temper at **205-425°C (400-800°F)**. **Avoid the 425-565°C (800-1050°F) range** to prevent chromium carbide precipitation and associated loss of corrosion resistance ("sensitization"). * For higher toughness and stability (with a sacrifice in corrosion resistance), temper at **540-565°C (1005-1050°F)**. * **Sub-Zero Treatment:** Recommended after quenching and before tempering to transform retained austenite, improving dimensional stability and hardness. --- ## **4. Key Applications** CSM® S60V (440V) is ideal for components requiring high wear resistance in corrosive or hygienic environments. * **Cutlery & Industrial Blades:** High-end knives, surgical instruments, and slitter blades where extreme edge retention and stain resistance are critical for cutting abrasive materials (fibrous foods, ropes, composites). * **Food & Pharmaceutical Processing:** Wear plates, cutter heads, pump components, and valve parts handling abrasive ingredients where corrosion resistance and cleanability are mandatory. * **Chemical & Marine Equipment:** Seals, bearings, and wear parts exposed to abrasive slurries and corrosive media. * **Plastics Processing:** Screws, barrels, and dies for highly filled or reinforced plastics (glass, minerals) where corrosion from additives is a concern. * **General Wear Parts in Corrosive Atmospheres:** Guides, nozzles, and fixtures where standard tool steels would rust. --- ## **5. International Standards & Cross-References** CSM® S60V is a proprietary modified grade. The name "440V" was its original commercial designation. * **AISI/SAE:** **Modified 440C (High Vanadium)**. Not a standard AISI grade. * **UNS:** No standard UNS designation. Base 440C is S44004. * **European (EN):** No direct equivalent. Conceptually similar to high-carbon, high-chromium, high-vanadium martensitic stainless steels. * **ISO:** No direct equivalent. * **Common Trade Names/Equivalents:** **440V** (original name), **CPM S60V**. The closest competitor analogues are other high-vanadium PM stainless steels like **Böhler M390** or **CTS-204P**. It is distinct from, but often compared to, **CPM S30V** (lower vanadium) and **CPM S90V** (higher vanadium and carbon). --- ## **6. Advantages & Limitations** **Advantages:** * **Exceptional Wear & Corrosion Balance:** Offers one of the best available combinations in a martensitic stainless steel. * **Superior Wear Resistance to Standard Stainless Steels:** Dramatically outperforms 440C, 154CM, and similar grades in abrasive environments. * **High Hardness Attainability:** Can achieve a high hardness (58-60+ HRC) while maintaining good corrosion resistance. **Limitations:** * **Lower Toughness:** Not suitable for high-impact applications. More brittle than 440C or AEB-L. * **Difficult Machining & Grinding:** Requires carbide tooling and diamond/CBN abrasives, increasing manufacturing costs. * **Complex & Sensitive Heat Treatment:** Tempering must be carefully chosen based on the priority of corrosion resistance vs. toughness. * **Higher Cost:** Due to high vanadium and chromium content and specialized processing. --- ## **7. Summary** **Crucible Steel CSM® S60V (440V) is a specialized, high-performance stainless tool steel engineered to solve demanding wear problems in corrosive settings.** It successfully bridges the gap between the exceptional wear resistance of tool steels and the necessary corrosion resistance of stainless steels. For industries such as food processing, cutlery manufacturing, and chemical handling, where component failure from a combination of abrasion and corrosion is a primary concern, S60V provides a durable, long-lasting solution that maintains integrity in challenging conditions. Its performance makes it a premium choice for applications where material failure is not an option. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel CSM® S60V (440V) Tool Steel, AISI 440C Modified Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <7002 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel CSM® S60V (440V) Tool Steel, AISI 440C Modified Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of Crucible Steel Sheet,Plate CSM® S60V (440V) Tool Steel Sheet,Plate, AISI 440C Modified -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers Crucible Steel Sheet,Plate CSM® S60V (440V) Tool Steel Sheet,Plate, AISI 440C Modified -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of Crucible Steel Sheet/Plate CSM® S60V (440V) Tool Steel Sheet/Plate, AISI 440C Modified -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Sheet/Plate drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3473 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition