ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade E

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade E Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade E Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

ASTM A446 Steel, grade E Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Technical Data Sheet: ASTM A446 Steel, Grade E** --- #### **1. Product Overview** ASTM A446 Grade E is a **premium ultra-high-strength zinc-coated (galvanized) structural steel sheet** representing the pinnacle grade in the A446 standard series. This advanced grade is specifically engineered for the most demanding applications in corrugated steel pipe, structural plate structures, and extreme civil engineering projects where unparalleled load-bearing capacity, structural performance, and durability are required. Grade E incorporates state-of-the-art metallurgical technology to achieve exceptional mechanical properties while maintaining the superior corrosion protection of hot-dip galvanizing. --- #### **2. International Standards & Equivalents** | Standard Organization | Designation | |-----------------------|-------------| | **ASTM International** | **A446 Grade E** | | **UNS Number** | **K02700** | | **ISO International Standard** | **ISO 3575** | | **European Norm (EN)** | **EN 10346 DX57D+Z** | | **Japanese (JIS)** | **G 3302 SGH490** | | **Chinese GB** | **GB/T 2518** | | **Australian/New Zealand** | **AS/NZS 1397 G600** | --- #### **3. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Composition (%) | |---------|-----------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.25 max | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 1.50 max | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.030 max | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.030 max | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.25 max | | **Copper (Cu)** | 0.25 min (when required) | | **Niobium (Nb)** | 0.005-0.06 | | **Vanadium (V)** | 0.01-0.12 | | **Titanium (Ti)** | 0.005-0.04 | | **Aluminum (Al)** | 0.015-0.065 | | **Nitrogen (N)** | 0.015 max | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | **Key Composition Features:** - **Precision Carbon Control**: Maximum 0.25% optimized for strength-toughness balance - **Advanced Manganese**: Up to 1.50% for superior strength characteristics - **Comprehensive Microalloying**: Nb-V-Ti system for maximum grain refinement and precipitation strengthening - **Enhanced Purity**: Lower phosphorus and sulfur limits for improved toughness - **Aluminum Treatment**: For grain size control and oxide shape control --- #### **4. Mechanical Properties** **Tensile Properties:** - **Tensile Strength**: 550 MPa (80,000 psi) min - **Yield Strength**: 480 MPa (70,000 psi) min - **Elongation in 50 mm (2 in)**: 12% min - **Yield-to-Tensile Ratio**: 0.85-0.95 typical **Hardness Properties:** - **Brinell Hardness**: 160-220 HB typical - **Rockwell Hardness**: 90-105 HRB typical **Advanced Mechanical Properties:** - **Charpy V-Notch Impact**: 20 J min at -20°C (when specified) - **Plastic Strain Ratio (r-value)**: 1.0 min - **Strain Hardening Exponent (n-value)**: 0.12 min **Coating Properties:** - **Coating Weight**: 275 g/m² (0.90 oz/ft²) min, with 350 g/m² available for severe environments - **Coating Adhesion**: Premium - maintains integrity through severe forming operations --- #### **5. Physical Properties** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Density** | 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200 GPa (29,000 ksi) | | **Shear Modulus** | 77 GPa (11,200 ksi) | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.29 | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 50.0 W/m·K at 20°C | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 11.4 × 10⁻⁶ /K (20-100°C) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 460 J/kg·K | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.18 μΩ·m | --- #### **6. Product Applications** **Extreme Civil Engineering Applications:** - **Mega Infrastructure Culverts**: Super-large diameter drainage systems (≥5m diameter) - **Ultra-Deep Burial Structures**: Applications with extreme soil cover (≥50 feet) - **Critical Bridge Structures**: Long-span structural plate bridges and arches - **Seismic-Resistant Structures**: Infrastructure in high seismic zones (Seismic Design Categories D-F) **Premium Infrastructure Projects:** - **Nuclear Power Plant Infrastructure**: Critical cooling water and drainage systems - **Major Transportation Corridors**: Interstate highway and high-speed rail underpasses - **Dam and Spillway Conduits**: Critical flood control infrastructure - **Coastal Defense Systems**: Sea walls, breakwaters, and marine outfalls **Specialized High-Performance Applications:** - **Mining Deep Shaft Linings**: Ultra-deep mining infrastructure - **Tunnel Boring Machine Segments**: Temporary support systems - **Military and Defense Infrastructure**: Critical installation drainage and utilities - **Disaster-Resistant Construction**: Structures in hurricane and tsunami zones --- #### **7. Manufacturing & Fabrication** **Advanced Forming Characteristics:** - **Premium Formability**: Suitable for complex structural forming with specialized equipment - **Minimum Bend Radius**: 3.0 × thickness for 90° bends - **Coating Adhesion**: Exceptional performance through demanding fabrication processes - **Springback Control**: Predictable and manageable with proper techniques **Welding Performance:** - **Advanced Weldability**: Requires qualified procedures and certified welders - **Recommended Processes**: GMAW-P, FCAW-G with premium filler metals - **Stringent Pre-heat Requirements**: 100-200°C depending on thickness - **Comprehensive Procedure Qualification**: Essential for all welding applications **Fabrication Excellence:** - **Premium Bolting Systems**: ASTM A490 or higher grade bolts required - **Specialized Tooling**: Mandatory for all fabrication operations - **Quality Assurance**: Comprehensive documentation and traceability --- #### **8. Quality Assurance & Testing** **Premium Testing Protocol:** - Complete chemical analysis with trace element verification - Multiple orientation tension testing - Advanced bend testing to strict criteria - Comprehensive coating evaluation - Full mechanical properties characterization **Elite Quality Requirements:** - Microstructural analysis and grain size determination (ASTM 8-10) - Charpy V-notch impact testing at multiple temperatures - Hardness traverses and mapping - Non-destructive examination capabilities - Third-party certification available --- #### **9. Corrosion Performance** - **Elite Protection**: Premium zinc coating for maximum service life in aggressive environments - **Severe Environment Capability**: Suitable for marine, industrial, and chemically aggressive soils - **Design Life Expectancy**: 75-120+ years with proper design and maintenance - **Advanced Corrosion Engineering**: Multi-layer protection systems compatible --- #### **10. Available Product Forms** **Elite Dimensions:** - **Thickness Range**: 2.5 mm to 8.0 mm (0.098" to 0.315") - **Width Range**: 600 mm to 1800 mm (24" to 71") - **Length Range**: Precision engineered cut lengths **Premium Surface Conditions:** - Elite hot-dip galvanized coating - Minimum coating weight 275 g/m², with 350 g/m² standard for Grade E - Surface-treated finishes for enhanced paint adhesion (when specified) --- #### **11. Technical Specifications** **Elite Coating Requirements:** - **Coating Weight**: 350 g/m² (1.15 oz/ft²) standard, 275 g/m² minimum - **Coating Uniformity**: Elite quality with minimum 95% coverage - **Adhesion Performance**: Must withstand all fabrication without compromise **Premium Dimensional Tolerances:** - **Thickness Tolerance**: ±0.08 mm - **Width Tolerance**: +4 mm, -0 mm - **Length Tolerance**: +6 mm, -0 mm - **Flatness**: Elite requirements for critical structural applications --- **Technical Notes:** - Grade E provides approximately 110% higher yield strength than Grade A - Engineered for the world's most demanding structural applications - Requires specialized engineering design using advanced analysis methods - State-of-the-art microalloying technology provides unmatched strength-toughness combination - Must comply with AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications and international seismic codes - All applications require professional engineering design by certified structural engineers *This information is for reference purposes. For complete elite technical specifications and design methodologies, consult the latest ASTM A446 standard, AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, international structural codes, and specialized engineering guidelines. All applications must be designed, certified, and inspected by qualified professional structural engineers with specific experience in ultra-high-strength structural plate design.* -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A446 Steel, grade E Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4255 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A446 Steel, grade E Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade E -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade E -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of ASTM A446 Steel Flange, grade E -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 726 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition