ASTM A225 Low Alloy Steel Flange, Grade D

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A225 Low Alloy Steel Flange, Grade D Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A225 Low Alloy Steel Flange, Grade D Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

ASTM A225 Low Alloy Steel, Grade D Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Introduction: ASTM A225 Grade D Steel** **ASTM A225 Grade D** is a specialized manganese-vanadium-nickel alloy steel plate designed for applications requiring enhanced toughness at lower temperatures. This grade represents an advanced variant within the A225 specification, offering improved low-temperature impact properties while maintaining high strength characteristics for demanding pressure vessel and structural applications. --- #### **1. International Standards & Grades** **Primary Standard:** **ASTM A225/A225M** - "Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Vanadium-Nickel" **Grade Classification:** - **Grade D** - Enhanced low-temperature toughness variant - **Grade A** - Standard chemistry variant - **Grade B** - Alternative chemistry variant - **Grade C** - Enhanced strength variant **International Equivalents:** - **EN 10028-3**: 15MnNi6-3 - **JIS G3119**: SPV 410 - **GB/T 713**: 15MnNiDR - **ISO 9328-3**: 15MnNi6-3 --- #### **2. Chemical Composition** The chemical composition requirements for ASTM A225 Grade D: | Element | Composition (Maximum %) | |---|---| | Carbon (C) | 0.20 | | Manganese (Mn) | 1.15-1.60 | | Phosphorus (P) | 0.030 | | Sulfur (S) | 0.030 | | Silicon (Si) | 0.30 | | Vanadium (V) | 0.10-0.20 | | Nickel (Ni) | 0.40-0.70 | **Key Composition Features:** - **Tighter Impurity Control**: Reduced phosphorus and sulfur for improved toughness - **Manganese-Vanadium System**: Maintains high strength characteristics - **Nickel Enhancement**: Optimized for low-temperature performance - **Balanced Carbon**: Ensures weldability with strength retention --- #### **3. Physical & Mechanical Properties** **Mechanical Properties (for thicknesses ≤ 50 mm):** | Property | Value | |---|---| | **Tensile Strength** | 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) | | **Yield Strength (min.)** | 345 MPa (50 ksi) | | **Elongation in 2" (min.)** | 18% | | **Elongation in 8" (min.)** | 20% | **Enhanced Low-Temperature Toughness Properties:** - **Charpy V-Notch Test Temperature**: -50°F (-46°C) - **Minimum Impact Energy**: 25 ft-lbf (34 J) - **Superior Low-Temperature Performance**: Enhanced fracture resistance at reduced temperatures **Physical Properties:** - **Density**: 7.86 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) - **Modulus of Elasticity**: 200 GPa (29,000 ksi) - **Thermal Conductivity**: 48.2 W/m·K - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion**: 11.7 × 10⁻⁶/°C - **Specific Heat Capacity**: 472 J/kg·K --- #### **4. Product Applications** **Low-Temperature Pressure Vessels:** - Refrigerated pressure vessels - Low-temperature storage tanks - Cryogenic service components - Cold climate pressure equipment **Structural Applications in Cold Environments:** - Arctic and subarctic structures - Cold climate building components - Low-temperature support structures - Winter construction projects **Energy Sector in Cold Regions:** - Northern power plant components - Cold climate energy storage - Low-temperature heat exchangers - Arctic pipeline components **Specialized Industrial Equipment:** - Cold storage facility structures - Refrigeration system supports - Low-temperature processing equipment - Winterized industrial machinery --- #### **5. Fabrication Characteristics** **Welding Performance:** - **Excellent Weldability**: Maintains properties in welded condition - **Preheat Requirements**: 175-250°F (80-120°C) for low-temperature service - **Post-Weld Heat Treatment**: Stress relieving at 1100-1200°F (595-650°C) - **Recommended Processes**: GMAW, FCAW, SAW (low-hydrogen essential) - **Filler Metals**: E8018-C3, ER80S-G or equivalent **Forming & Machining:** - **Good Formability**: Maintains ductility at low temperatures - **Machinability**: Fair (approximately 55% of B1112 steel) - **Cutting Methods**: Plasma, laser, and waterjet cutting suitable - **Low-Temperature Forming**: Excellent performance characteristics **Heat Treatment:** - Typically supplied in normalized condition - Normalizing temperature: 1600-1700°F (870-925°C) - Optional tempering for specific applications - Enhanced grain structure control **Quality Assurance:** - **Enhanced Impact Testing**: Lower temperature requirements - **Strict Chemical Control**: Tighter impurity limits - **Comprehensive Testing**: Multiple test verification - **Low-Temperature Certification**: Specific low-Temp performance validation --- ### **Technical Summary** ASTM A225 Grade D represents a specialized low-temperature variant in the manganese-vanadium-nickel alloy steel series, offering enhanced toughness properties at temperatures as low as -50°F (-46°C). While maintaining the same strength level as Grades A and B (50 ksi minimum yield strength), Grade D provides significantly improved low-temperature performance through tighter chemical controls and optimized processing. The reduced phosphorus and sulfur content, combined with the balanced nickel addition, ensures reliable fracture resistance in cold service conditions. This makes Grade D particularly valuable for pressure vessels and structural components operating in arctic environments, refrigeration service, and other low-temperature applications where conventional steels might be susceptible to brittle fracture. The material maintains excellent weldability characteristics while providing enhanced low-temperature performance, making it suitable for fabricated structures in cold climates. The proven performance of ASTM A225 Grade D in low-temperature applications has established it as a reliable choice for engineers designing equipment for service in challenging environmental conditions where temperature extremes are a critical design consideration. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A225 Low Alloy Steel, Grade D Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4342 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A225 Low Alloy Steel, Grade D Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of ASTM A225 Low Alloy Steel Flange, Grade D -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers ASTM A225 Low Alloy Steel Flange, Grade D -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of ASTM A225 Low Alloy Steel Flange, Grade D -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 813 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition