1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
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Bethlehem Steel Flange ASTM A710 Grade A1 3/16 to 5/16 in. thick, Steel Flange plate Product Information
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Bethlehem Steel Flange ASTM A710 Grade A1 3/16 to 5/16 in. thick, Steel Flange plate Synonyms
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Bethlehem Steel ASTM A710 Grade A1 3/16 to 5/16 in. thick, steel plate Product Information
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## **Product Datasheet: Bethlehem Steel ASTM A710 Grade A1 Steel Plate**
**Product Overview**
Bethlehem Steel ASTM A710 Grade A1 is a premium, high-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) structural steel plate known for its unique combination of high strength, excellent toughness, and superior weldability, achieved through a **precipitation heat treatment (aging)** process rather than traditional quenching and tempering. Classified as a **copper-nickel-chromium-molybdenum-columbium alloy steel**, it utilizes precipitation hardening to develop its mechanical properties after hot-rolling and a solution treatment (annealing). This results in a fine-grained microstructure that delivers outstanding low-temperature impact resistance. This plate is available in a light gauge thickness range from **3/16 inch (4.8 mm) to 5/16 inch (7.9 mm)**.
**Key International Standards**
* **Primary Standard:** **ASTM A710 / A710M** - Standard Specification for Low-Carbon Age-Hardening Nickel-Copper-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy Steel Plates.
* **Governing Specification:** This product strictly conforms to the requirements for **Grade A**, **Class 1** (A1) as defined in ASTM A710. Class 1 indicates that the plate is supplied in the solution heat-treated (annealed) condition, requiring a subsequent aging treatment by the fabricator to achieve the specified mechanical properties.
* **Heat Treatment Condition:** Supplied in the **solution heat-treated (annealed)** condition (Condition III per standard). Final properties are developed by the user through a low-temperature **aging treatment** (typically 1100-1200°F / 593-649°C), which allows for stress-relieving after welding.
* **Supplementary Standards:** Often specified with **ASTM A6** supplementary requirements, particularly **S1 (Charpy V-Notch Impact Testing)** at low temperatures.
**Chemical Composition (Weight % - ASTM A710 Grade A Requirements)**
The lean, low-carbon chemistry, enriched with copper and nickel, facilitates precipitation hardening and provides inherent atmospheric corrosion resistance.
| Element | ASTM A710 Grade A Requirement | Typical Bethlehem Steel Range (A1) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Carbon (C)** | 0.07% max | 0.04 - 0.06% |
| **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.40 - 0.70% | 0.50 - 0.65% |
| **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.025% max | ≤ 0.015% |
| **Sulfur (S)** | 0.025% max | ≤ 0.010% |
| **Silicon (Si)** | 0.40% max | 0.20 - 0.35% |
| **Nickel (Ni)** | 0.70 - 1.00% | 0.80 - 0.95% |
| **Chromium (Cr)** | 0.40 - 0.80% | 0.60 - 0.75% |
| **Molybdenum (Mo)** | 0.15 - 0.25% | 0.18 - 0.22% |
| **Copper (Cu)** | 1.00 - 1.30% | 1.10 - 1.25% |
| **Columbium (Cb/Nb)** | 0.02% min | 0.03 - 0.06% |
| **Carbon Equivalent (C.E. IIW)** | Very Low (~0.30-0.35) | Typically ~0.32 |
**Physical & Mechanical Properties**
*Properties are developed after the final aging treatment by the fabricator.*
| Property | Requirement after Aging (ASTM A710 Grade A) | Typical Performance / Notes |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Yield Strength (Min)** | 65 ksi (450 MPa) | Typically 70 - 80 ksi (483 - 552 MPa) |
| **Tensile Strength** | 75 - 95 ksi (515 - 655 MPa) | Typically 80 - 90 ksi (552 - 621 MPa) |
| **Elongation in 2" (Min)** | 22% | Typically 24-30% |
| **Charpy V-Notch Toughness (Aged)** | Excellent (Often ≥ 40 ft-lb @ -100°F / -73°C) | The hallmark of A710 steel. Exceptional low-temperature toughness is achievable due to the low-carbon, precipitation-hardened structure. |
| **Modulus of Elasticity** | ~29,000 ksi (200 GPa) | ~29,000 ksi (200 GPa) |
| **Density** | ~0.285 lb/in³ (7.87 g/cm³) | Slightly higher than carbon steel due to alloy content. |
| **Corrosion Resistance** | Superior to carbon steel | The copper and nickel content provides enhanced atmospheric corrosion resistance, approximately 2 times that of carbon steel. |
| **Key Feature** | **Age-Hardenable with Superior Toughness:** Offers a unique fabrication advantage: components can be **welded and formed in the soft, solution-treated condition**, then aged to full strength, minimizing distortion and preserving weld zone properties. |
**Product Applications**
ASTM A710 Grade A1 is specified for critical, high-performance applications where weldability, toughness, and strength are paramount, particularly in low-temperature environments.
* **Cryogenic & Low-Temperature Service:** Containers and structural supports for liquefied gases (LNG, liquid ethylene, nitrogen).
* **Pressure Vessels & Heat Exchangers:** For severe service where resistance to hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) is beneficial.
* **Offshore & Marine Structures:** Critical node sections and highly stressed components on offshore platforms and Arctic vessels.
* **Power Generation:** Components in nuclear and advanced fossil fuel plants requiring high toughness.
* **High-Performance Military Applications:** Naval vessel components and armor structures requiring multi-hit capability.
**Advantages & Fabrication Notes**
* **Exceptional Weldability:** The extremely low carbon content and carbon equivalent make it one of the most weldable high-strength steels available. It can be welded in the solution-treated condition without preheat (for thin sections) and with minimal risk of HAZ cracking.
* **Unique Fabrication Sequence:** The standard workflow is: 1) Fabricate (cut, form, weld) in the soft, supplied condition. 2) Perform a single, low-temperature aging heat treatment to strengthen the entire assembly uniformly and stress-relieve welds simultaneously.
* **Outstanding Toughness:** Consistently achieves very high Charpy impact values at extremely low temperatures, making it a premier choice for fracture-critical designs.
* **Formability:** Excellent in the as-supplied condition due to its soft, ductile state.
* **Legacy Product Note:** Bethlehem was a key producer of this advanced steel. Modern equivalents are readily available as **ASTM A710 Grade A, Class 1** from contemporary specialty plate mills.
**Disclaimer:**
This datasheet describes the historical **Bethlehem Steel** product meeting **ASTM A710 Grade A, Class 1**. For current procurement, it is crucial to specify the exact grade, class (A1 for solution-treated), and required mechanical properties **after aging**. Fabricators must understand and plan for the unique aging heat treatment step. Consult with the steel producer for recommended aging times and temperatures, and ensure the fabricator's heat treater is qualified for the process. Mill Test Certificates will verify chemistry and condition at shipment; final properties are confirmed after the customer's aging treatment.
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Bethlehem Steel ASTM A710 Grade A1 3/16 to 5/16 in. thick, steel plate Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4679 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
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Bethlehem Steel ASTM A710 Grade A1 3/16 to 5/16 in. thick, steel plate Properties
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Applications of Bethlehem Steel Flange ASTM A710 Grade A1 3/16 to 5/16 in. thick, Steel Flange plate
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Chemical Identifiers Bethlehem Steel Flange ASTM A710 Grade A1 3/16 to 5/16 in. thick, Steel Flange plate
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Packing of Bethlehem Steel Flange ASTM A710 Grade A1 3/16 to 5/16 in. thick, Steel Flange plate
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Standard Packing:
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Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1150 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
